VOA健康报道2023 美国人预期寿命回升

（单词翻译）

美国人预期寿命回升

Life expectancy¹ in the United States rose by about one year in 2022 following earlier decreases linked to the COVID-19 pandemic.

美国人的预期寿命在此前因新冠疫情而下降后于2022年增加了约一岁。

Life expectancy predicts the average number of years a baby born in a given year can expect to live.

预期寿命是指在给定年份出生的婴儿的平均预期寿命。

Federal data showed that in 2022, U.S. life expectancy rose from 76.4 years to 77.5 years.

联邦数据显示，2022年，美国人的预期寿命从76.4岁上升到77.5岁。

Researchers from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said 2022's increase came largely because of disappearing COVID-19 cases.

美国疾病控制与预防中心的研究人员表示，2022年预期寿命增加主要是因为新冠肺炎病例的消失。

For many years, life expectancy for Americans generally rose a little bit nearly every year.

多年来，美国人的预期寿命几乎每年都会略有增加。

But about 10 years ago, the rate flattened² and even decreased in some years.

但大约10年前，这一比率趋于平缓，甚至在某些年份有所下降。

Those drops were blamed on drug overdose deaths and suicides.

预期寿命下降的原因包括药物过量致死和自杀。

The number of U.S. suicides reached an all-time high last year, a separate CDC report found.

美国疾病控制与预防中心的另一份报告发现，去年美国自杀人数创下历史新高。

The national suicide rate also saw its highest level since 1941.

全国自杀率也达到了1941年以来的最高水平。

U.S. drug overdose deaths rose slightly in 2022 after much larger increases during the COVID-19 pandemic.

美国药物过量死亡人数在新冠疫情期间大幅增加后于2022年略有上升。

During the pandemic, U.S. life expectancy dropped from 78 years and 10 months in 2019 to 77 years in 2020.

在疫情期间，美国人的预期寿命从2019年的78岁零10个月下降到2020年的77岁。

Then, in 2021, the rate dropped further, to 76 years and 5 months.

然后，在2021年，这一比率进一步下降，降至76岁零5个月。

Elizabeth Arias³ is a researcher for the CDC who worked on the latest report.

伊丽莎白·阿里亚斯是美国疾病控制与预防中心的研究员，她参与撰写了这份最新报告。

She told The Associated Press the U.S. life expectancy rate was clearly hurt by COVID-19 and will take "some time before we're back to where we were in 2019."

她告诉美联社，美国人的预期寿命显然受到了新冠疫情的影响，还需要“一段时间才能恢复到2019年的水平”。

But Arias noted⁴ there were several favorable developments.

但阿里亚斯指出，有几个有利的发展。

For example, "all the groups by race and sex experienced increases in life expectancy," she said.

她说，例如，“所有按种族和性别划分的人群的预期寿命都有所增加”。

Steven Woolf, a life expectancy researcher at Virginia Commonwealth⁵ University, said he expects the U.S. to one day get back to pre-pandemic levels.

弗吉尼亚联邦大学的预期寿命研究员史蒂文·伍尔夫说，他预计美国有一天会恢复到疫情前的水平。

But he added, "That is not a great place to be."

但他补充说，“那不是一个好地方。”

Life expectancy in 2022 increased the most for American Indian and Alaska Native non-Hispanic newborns.

2022年，美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民非西班牙裔新生儿的预期寿命增幅最大。

The rate went from 65.6 to 67.9, followed by an increase of 2.2 years for Hispanic newborns, from 77.8 to 80.

该比率从65.6上升到67.9，其次是西班牙裔新生儿的预期寿命从77.8岁上升到80岁，增长了2.2岁。

The life expectancy for Black non-Hispanic Americans increased by 1.6 years, from 71.2 to 72.8.

非西班牙裔美国黑人的预期寿命增加了1.6岁，从71.2岁增加到72.8岁。

Researchers noted that people in that group were more severely⁶ affected⁷ by the COVID-19 pandemic.

研究人员指出，这一群体受新冠疫情的影响更严重。

Life expectancy increased by 1 year for Asian non-Hispanic babies to 84.5 years, and by 0.8 years for White non-Hispanic babies, to 77.5.

亚洲非西班牙裔婴儿的预期寿命增加了1年，达到84.5岁，白人非西班牙裔婴儿的预期寿命增加了0.8岁，达到77.5岁。

Life expectancy in the U.S. remains⁸ longer for females.

在美国，女性的预期寿命仍然较长。

In 2020, the difference between the two sexes reached 6 years, a level not seen since 1996.

2020年，男女预期寿命差达到6岁，这是自1996年以来的最高水平。

In 2022, the difference narrowed to 5.4 years, down from 5.8 years in 2021.

2022年，男女预期寿命差缩小至5.4岁，低于2021年的5.8岁。

Life expectancy in the U.S. continues to be lower than that of numerous other countries.

美国人的预期寿命仍然低于其他许多国家。

And the latest report shows that the U.S. did not rebound⁹ as quickly after the pandemic as some other countries, including France, Italy, Spain and Sweden.

最新报告显示，美国在疫情爆发后没有像法国、意大利、西班牙和瑞典等其他一些国家那样迅速反弹。