VOA时事新闻2023 乌克兰首次出现女性矿工下矿工作

（单词翻译）

乌克兰首次出现女性矿工下矿工作

After more than a thousand of its workers went to fight Russia's invasion, a coal mine in eastern Ukraine needed workers.

在一千多名工人前去抗击俄罗斯入侵后，乌克兰东部的一座煤矿需要工人。

Its answer was to permit women to work underground for the first time in its history.

该煤矿的解决办法是有史以来第一次允许女性在地下工作。

Over a hundred accepted the offer.

超过100人接受了这一工作。

"I took this job because the war started and there were no other jobs," 22-year-old Krystyna said.

22岁的克里斯蒂娜说：“我接受这份工作的原因是战争开始了，没有其他工作可做。”

The mine's officials asked Reuters not to give the last names of those who talked to the news service.

该煤矿的官员要求路透社不要透露接受采访人员的姓氏。

For five months, Krystyna has worked as a technician 470 meters below ground.

五个月来，克里斯蒂娜一直在地下470米处以技术员的身份工作。

She works on the small electric trains that move workers more than four kilometers down the mine.

她在小型电动火车上工作，这些火车将工人运送到矿井下超过四公里处。

She agreed to take the job after overcoming her fear of leaving her four-year-old son, Denys, at home with her mother.

在克服了把四岁的儿子丹尼斯留在家里和母亲待在一起的恐惧后，她同意接受这份工作。

Her hometown of Pavlohrad is 100 kilometers from the front but it is often hit by Russian missiles.

她的家乡巴甫洛赫拉德距离前线100公里，但经常遭到俄罗斯导弹的袭击。

The work is interesting but difficult, she said.

她说，这项工作很有趣，但很难。

The equipment is heavy and the steam is not easy to deal with.

设备很重，蒸汽不易处理。

But the pay is good and she feels a sense of duty to stay and do her part for those who have gone to fight.

但薪水不错，她觉得自己有责任留下来，为那些上战场的人尽自己的一份力。

Her older brother worked in the same mine.

她的哥哥在同一家煤矿工作。

He joined the army two weeks after the start of the invasion, Krystyna said.

克里斯蒂娜说，入侵开始两周后，他参军了。

She added she worries greatly about him.

她补充说，她非常担心他。

She said, "Our boys were taken to the front, and now we need to support them: there is no one else to work in the mine now."

她说：“男人们被带到前线，现在我们需要支持他们：现在没有其他人在矿井里工作了。”

Ukraine's coal industry was once one of the largest in Europe.

乌克兰曾是欧洲最大的煤炭生产国之一。

It has suffered many years of decline¹ since the collapse² of the Soviet³ Union.

自苏联解体以来，它遭受了多年的衰落。

The government-controlled market which it supplied suddenly was not there.

其政府控制的市场突然消失了。

Russia-backed militias⁴ in eastern Ukraine took over many coal-rich areas in 2014.

2014年，俄罗斯支持的乌克兰东部民兵占领了许多盛产煤炭的地区。

After the 2022 invasion, Russia occupied even more mines.

在2022年入侵后，俄罗斯占领了更多的矿区。

DTEK is the mine's owner and Ukraine's largest private energy company.

DTEK是该矿的所有者，也是乌克兰最大的私营能源公司。

It says nearly 3,000 of its 20,000 mineworkers are fighting.

该公司表示，其2万名矿工中有近3000人正在战斗。

Of the thousand miners at this mine and its nearby other mine who went to fight, 42 have been killed.

在这个矿场及其附近其他矿场参加战斗的数千名矿工中，有42人丧生。

Although some women worked in the mines before the war, they were barred from doing jobs underground by the government.

虽然战前有些妇女在煤矿工作，但政府禁止她们在地下工作。

The work was considered too physically⁵ demanding.

这项工作被认为对体力要求太高。

The policy had been in place since the Soviet times.

这项政策从苏联时代就开始实施了。

The ban was removed during the war.

这项禁令在战争期间被取消。

Now, about 400 women work underground at DTEK's mines.

如今，大约有400名妇女在DTEK的地下矿井工作。

That is only 2.5 percent of the underground workforce⁶.

这只占地下劳动力的2.5%。

"We do everything on the same level as the men – unless it's something very heavy that we can't lift," 43-year-old Natalia said.

43岁的娜塔莉亚说：“我们做的每件事都和男人所做之事需达到的标准一样，除非是我们举不动的重物。”

She also works as a technician who looks after the trains.

她也是一名看管火车的技术人员。

Natalia used to work in a shop selling electronics⁷ until she lost that job when Ukrainian businesses closed their doors at the beginning of the invasion.

娜塔莉亚曾在一家销售电子产品的商店工作，直到乌克兰企业在入侵开始时关门，她失去了那份工作。

When she decided⁸ to work in the mine, her 19-year-old son had already worked in a neighboring mine for a year.

当她决定在煤矿工作时，她19岁的儿子已经在附近的煤矿工作了一年。

"Actually I had been convincing him not to go and work there," she remembered.

她回忆道：“事实上，我一直在说服他不要去那里工作”。

But she said she was now happily working in the mine and planned to stay, even after the war.

但她说，她现在在煤矿工作得很开心，并计划留下来，即使在战争结束后也是如此。