VOA标准英语 Former Russian Oil Tycoon Could Face More Jail Time

（单词翻译）

Former Russian oil tycoon¹ Mikhail Khodorkovsky has pleaded not guilty to a new set of charges that could add 22 years to the sentence he is already serving. Human rights activists² say the imprisonment³ of Khodorkovsky, who was once Russia's wealthiest man, is aimed at silencing the influential⁴ Kremlin critic.
　
Imprisoned⁵ former head of the Yukos oil company, Mikhail Khodorkovsky in the defendant's box in the courtroom in Moscow (May 2005 file photo)

Presented in a Moscow court with four new charges against him, Mikhail Khodorkovsky pleaded not guilty as many times. His co-defendant and former business partner, Platon Lebedev, also entered not guilty pleas and referred to the charges as schizophrenic and fraudulent.

Who is Kodorkovky?

Khodorkovsky is the former head of the disbanded Yukos Oil Company. He is accused of money laundering⁶ and of embezzling⁷ about $25 billion. The former oligarch is serving an eight-year sentence following a 2005 conviction for fraud and tax evasion⁸.

Khodorkovsky's defense⁹ attorney has said the charges against his client are contradictory¹⁰ because, in effect, they accuse him of stealing his own oil, and of secretly laundering money derived¹¹ from open transactions and declared on public reports.

Putin vendetta¹²?

Human rights activists say Khodorkovsky is the victim of a Kremlin campaign to silence an outspoken¹³ critic and potential rival to Vladimir Putin, who was president when the businessman was first charged. President Dmitri Medvedev has spoken often about the need for legal reforms in Russia and refuses to intervene in the Khodorkovsky trial, saying courts must be independent.

Irina Shcherbakova, a member of the board of the Memorial International human rights organization, told VOA that former President Vladimir Putin was likely behind Khodorkovsky's imprisonment to send a signal to other oligarchs to stay out of politics.

According to Shcherbakova, there is always talk in Russia that all such matters are associated with the likes and dislikes of the leader, and this plays a role in a regime that is partly authoritarian¹⁴. But she notes that even deeper processes are involved, specifically a lack of official desire to create civil society in Russia.

Former Yukos lawyer granted parole

In another development, a district court in Moscow has granted parole to Svetlana Bakhmina, a former Yukos Company lawyer who was serving a six-and-a-half-year prison sentence on charges of embezzlement¹⁵ and tax evasion. The charges against her are seen as linked to an official campaign against Mikhail Khodorkovsky.

Bakhmina, the mother of three, was released two years early. She became pregnant in prison and gave birth to a daughter in late November. Her case had prompted a petition drive calling for a presidential pardon.