VOA慢速英语2009年-Education Report - Studying in the US: Fro

（单词翻译）

This is the VOA Special English Education Report.

"In loco parentis" is a Latin term meaning "in the place of a parent." It describes when someone else accepts responsibility to act in the interests of a child.

This idea developed long ago in British common law to define the responsibility of teachers toward their students. For years, American courts upheld in loco parentis in cases such as Gott versus¹ Berea College in nineteen thirteen.
　
Mostly parents attend a meeting for new students at Colgate University in 2005. Helicopter parents find it hard to let go.

Gott owned a restaurant off campus. Berea threatened to expel students who ate at places not owned by the school. The Kentucky high court decided² that in loco parentis justified³ that rule.

In loco parentis meant that male and female college students usually had to live in separate buildings. Women had to be back at their dorms by ten or eleven on school nights.

But in the nineteen sixties, students began to protest rules and restrictions⁴ like these. At the same time, courts began to support students who were being punished for political and social dissent⁵.

In nineteen sixty, Alabama State College expelled six students who took part in a civil rights demonstration⁶. They sued the school and won. After that, it became harder and harder to defend in loco parentis.

Students were not considered adults until twenty-one. Then, in nineteen seventy-one, the twenty-sixth amendment⁷ to the Constitution set the voting age at eighteen. So in loco parentis no longer really applied⁸.

Slowly, colleges began to treat students not as children, but as adults. Students came to be seen as consumers of educational services.

Gary Dickstein, an assistant vice⁹ president at Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio, says in loco parentis is not really gone. It just looks different. Today's parents, he says, are often heavily involved in students' lives. They are known as "helicopter parents"; they always seem to hover¹⁰ over their children.

Gary Dickstein says these parents are likely to question decisions about their children, especially about safety issues and grades. They want to make sure their financial investment is not being wasted.

As a result, in loco parentis has been replaced by what some administrators¹¹ call a partnership¹² between the school and the family. In fact, the orientation¹³ program for new students at Virginia Tech this summer includes a meeting for parents called "Parents as Partners."

And that's the VOA Special English Education Report, written by Nancy Steinbach. Our Foreign Student Series is online at voaspecialenglish.com. I'm Steve Ember.