高中英语人教版必修第三册17

（单词翻译）

[00:07.16]READING
[00:07.97]A HEALPING HAND
[00:09.14]A  Wang Lin is a carpenter who lives in eastern China with his wife and son.
[00:12.49]Two years ago, he was diagnosed² with tuberculosis³.
[00:15.33]He was getting weaker and suffered from constant pain in his chest.
[00:17.79]The doctors told him that the treatment he needed would cost thousands of yuan.
[00:20.82]Mr Wang is laid-off worker and his wife has an income of only 300 yuan per month.
[00:24.79]To make matters worse, he also had son in college who had taken a bank loan⁴ to pay for his studies.
[00:29.15]The situation seemed hopeless.
[00:30.93]B  Three months later, however, Wang Lin was told about a health care project that provides treatment at half the cost or less,
[00:36.28]depending on the needs of the patient.
[00:37.88]Thanks to the project and the kindness of his family and neighbours,
[00:39.92]he was able to receive treatment in time to prevent the disease⁵ from ruining his health.
[00:38.92]He had returned to his family and is looking for a job.
[00:41.00]He has also decided⁶ to get insurance for his family.
[00:43.12]“If I had had insurance, the sickness wouldn’t caused such a big problem.
[00:46.33]I don’t want this to happen to anyone else in my family.”
[00:48.63]C  The project that saved Want Lin’s life is one of the many government programmes aimed at improving the situation for the poorest people in China.
[00:53.99]The project is designed to encourage health care reform and reduce poverty.
[00:57.28]It is the largest health and medical aid programme in the country and it is being tested in four cities.
[01:01.25]So far, the project has helped more than 2,000 people receive medical aid.
[01:04.57]The Chinese government is also working together with other countries and international organizations to provide easy access to hospitals and clinics for low-income families.
[01:11.05]The goal is to explore and develop a new health care model for China.
[01:13.84]D  Wang Lin’s situation is not unique
[01:16.09]By the end of 2003, 22 million urban Chinese were living on money given to them by the government.
[01:20.76]A total if 15.1 billion yuan was spent on supporting those who ere unable to make a living.
[01:25.15]This allowance⁷, however, is only enough to cover the most fundamental⁸ needs such as food and clothing.
[01:29.46]It does not over health care, housing⁹ or education.
[01:31.76]E  For laid-off workers in poor areas,
[01:33.35]disease puts extra pressure on the family.
[01:35.13]They cannot afford to consult a doctor or purchase medicines from a chemist when they get sick,
[01:38.84]nor can they make sure that their children keep a healthy diet.
[01:40.80]If someone becomes seriously ill, the family is forced into poverty.
[01:43.80]Statistics indicate that diseases¹⁰ have caused over 30 per cent of low-income residents¹¹ to live in poverty.
[01:48.19]Some families even have to spend all the money they receive for the government on medical treatment and hospital fees.
[01:52.50]F  Among the many aspects of the government’s efforts to fight poverty,
[01:55.30]health care occupies an important position.
[01:57.33]If low-income families cannot afford to purchase medical insurance,
[01:59.89]as was the case with Wan¹ Lin,
[02:01.33]other measures to reduce poverty will not succeed.
[02:03.50]G  Another great challenge for the government is to stop the spread of AIDS.
[02:06.79]The United Nations AIDS agency¹² warns that the number of infected people in China could reach 10 million by 2020 unless more is done to prevent the spread of the disease.
[02:14.31]In order to meet his challenge,
[02:15.70]the Chinese government has vowed¹³ to provide free AIDS tests for the general public as well as free treatment for those who cannot afford it.
[02:21.24]H  It is sometimes said that a society can be judged by the way it cares for is weakest members As our country develops,
[02:26.23]we must also remember the responsibilities that come with wealth and prosperity¹⁴

[02:29.20]When be move forward, we must make sure that no one is left behind.
[02:32.16]We cannot allow ourselves to become too selfish.
[02:34.22]When problems arise, We must work together to try to solve them.
[02:37.20]I   The government’s efforts to fight poverty and improve health care several aspects,
[02:40.78]reducing poverty, helping¹⁵ sick people get treated properly and providing medical insurance for the poor.
[02:45.48]The funds¹⁶ are limited and it is not possible for the government to meet all the needs,
[02:48.69]but a series of programmes and the development of local and nationwide health care networks are signs that the government is serious about health care.
[02:54.57]INTEGRATING SKILLS
[02:56.97]Reading
[02:57.81]THE LITTLE MOULD¹⁷ THAT COULD
[02:59.61]Modern hospitals are clean and safe and doctors can sure many diseases.
[03:03.40]But it was not always so.
[03:04.94]For a long time, health care was often dangerous and risky¹⁸.
[03:07.68]Treatments were neither scientific nor effective,
[03:09.93]and many patients suffered deadly infections as a result of operations.
[03:12.93]In fact, even a small cut could cause an infection that would kill the patient.
[03:16.25]In the early twentieth century,
[03:17.66]a doctor in London found a chemical that would change hospitals and health care forever.
[03:21.42]The discovery is a story of hard work and happy accident.
[03:23.98]In the early 1900s, a German chemist developed a chemical treatment for a serious disease that had been considered incurable¹⁹.
[03:29.76]The news of treatment reached London,
[03:31.35]where a young doctor named Alexander Fleming began using it in his clinic.
[03:34.38]In 1914, World War I started and Fleming had to go to France to treat soldiers.
[03:38.59]During the war, Fleming noticed that many soldiers died from simple infections.
[03:42.06]Because he had been able to treat infections in his patients in London,
[03:44.52]Fleming thought that there must be a chemical that could fight infections in the soldier’s wounds.
[03:48.04]He invented many new ways to treat the wounded, but it was not until after the war that he made his most important discovery
[03:53.03]When Fleming returned from the war,
[03:54.60]he began searching for the chemical be believed could treat infections.
[03:56.90]His first discovery was a chemical found in many body liquids,
[03:59.51]such as tears.
[04:00.89]This chemical was able to fight mild infections,
[04:02.72]but it was not strong enough to cure serious infections.
[04:04.76]Fleming continued his search until a fortunate incident led him to a new discovery of even greater significance.
[04:09.25]One day in 1928, Fleming was cleaning up the lab after coming home from a holiday.
[04:12.91]On a bench by the sink, he found some old glass containers in which he had been growing bacteria.
[04:16.91]As he was washing the jars and lids,
[04:18.74]he saw something strange.
[04:20.17]In one of the jars, a mould was growing. The existence of the mould did not surprise Fleming,
[04:24.20]but he also noticed that the bacteria around the mould had died and stopped growing.
[04:27.46]Could this be the chemical he was looking for?
[04:29.45]Fleming examined the mould carefully.
[04:31.07]He found out which family of moulds²¹ it belonged to and decided to call the chemical penicillin²².
[04:35.17]He was excited about his discovery and wrote about it in 1929,
[04:37.78]but other scientists did not seem to care.
[04:39.97]Despite their lack of interest, Fleming kept trying to develop the chemical so that it would be safe and effective.
[04:43.92]It was not until World War II that the importance of Fleming’s discovery was fully²⁰ recognized.
[04:45.39]By then, Fleming and two other scientists had developed a kind of penicillin that was very effective in curing infections.
[04:49.83]The chemical, the “good mould”, saved many lives during the war and has continued to fight diseases ever since.
[04:54.07]In 1945, Sir Alexander Fleming received the Nobel Prize together with the two other scientists

[04:54.17]When asked about it discovery, Alexander Fleming said:
[04:56.86]“One sometimes finds what one is not looking for.”