VOA Special English 单词表（在线收听） |
| A. accept - v. to agree to receive 接受 accident - n. something that happens by chance or mistake; an unplanned event 事故 accuse - v. to say a person is responsible for an act or crime; to make a statement against someone 指责 activist - n. one who seeks change through action 激进分子 administration - n. the executive part of a government, usually headed by a president or prime minister 政府 admit - v. to accept ("admitted to the United Nations"); to express one's guilt or responsibility ("He admitted that what he did was wrong.") 承认 adult - n. a grown person 成人 advise - v. to help with information, knowledge or ideas in making a decision 建议 affect - v. to produce an effect on; to influence ("A lack of sleep affected the singer's performance.") 影响 agency - n. an organization that is part of a larger group ("an agency of the United Nations") 机构 aggression - n. an attack against a person or country; the violation of a country's borders 侵略 agriculture - n. farming 农业 air force - n. a military organization using airplanes 空军 album - n. a collection of recorded music 歌集 alcohol - n. a strong, colorless liquid, usually made from grain, used as a drug or in industrial products 酒精 ally - n. a nation or person joined with another for a special purpose 联合体 ambassador - n. a nation's highest diplomatic representative (to another government) 大使 amend - v. to add to or to change (a proposal or law) 修正 ammunition - n. the bullets or shells fired from guns 弹药 anarchy - n. a lack of order; lawlessness 无政府状态 ancestor - n. a family member from the past 祖先 ancient - ad. very old; long ago 远古的 anniversary - n. a yearly celebration or observance of an event that happened in the past 周年 announce - v. to make known publicly; to declare officially 宣布 apologize - v. to express regret for a mistake or accident for which one accepts responsibility 致歉 appeal - v. to take to a higher court, person or group for a decision; to call on somebody for help 上诉；呼吁 appear - v. to show oneself; to come into sight; to seem 出现 appoint - v. to name; to choose ("appoint a judge") 任命 approve - v. to agree with; to agree to support 赞成 archeology - n. the scientific study of past human life and activities 考古学 argue - v. to offer reasons for or against something; to dispute; to disagree 争论 arms - n. military equipment; weapons 兵器 arrest - v. to seize a person for legal action; to take as a prisoner 逮捕 artillery - n. big guns 炮 assist - v. to help 帮助 astronaut - n. a person who travels in space 宇航员 astronomy - n. the scientific study of stars and the universe 天文学 asylum - n. political protection given by a government to a person from another country 政治庇护 atmosphere - n. the gases surrounding any star or planet 大气层 attach - v. to tie together; to connect 系上；连接 attack - n. a violent attempt to damage, injure or kill; v. to start a fight 袭击 attempt - v. to work toward something; to try; to make an effort 尝试 attend - v. to be present at 出席 automobile - n. a vehicle with wheels used to carry people; a car 汽车 average - n. something (a number) representing the middle; ad. common; normal 平均，平常 avoid - v. to stay away from 避免 award - n. an honor or prize for an act or service 奖励 B balance - v. to make two sides or forces equal 平衡 balloon - n. a device of strong, light material that rises when filled with gas lighter than air 气球 ballot - n. a piece of paper used for voting 选票 ban - v. to not permit; to stop; n. an official restriction 禁止 bar - v. to prevent or block 禁止，阻碍 barrier - n. anything that blocks or makes an action difficult 障碍 base - n. a military center 军营; v. to establish as a fact 基于 ("Her research was based on experiments.") battle - n. a fight between opposing armed forces 战斗 beat - v. to hit again and again 击打 betray - v. to turn against; to be false to 背叛 bill - n. a legislative proposal 议案 biology - n. the scientific study of life or living things in all their forms 生物学 blame - v. to accuse; to hold responsible 责备 block - v. to stop something from being done; to prevent movement 堵塞，阻碍 bomb - n. a device that explodes with great force 炸弹; v. to attack or destroy with bombs 炸弹袭击 border - n. a dividing line between nations 边界 boycott - v. to refuse to take part in or deal with 联合抵制 brief - ad. short; not long 简短的 broadcast - v. to send information, stories or music by radio or television; n. a radio or television program 广播 brown - ad. having the color like that of coffee 褐色的 budget - n. a spending plan 预算 bullet - n. a small piece of metal shot from a gun 子弹 burst - v. to break open suddenly 爆裂 business - n. one's work; buying and selling to earn money; trade 工作，商业 C cabinet - n. a group of ministers that helps lead a government 内阁 camp - n. a place with temporary housing 露营 campaign - n. a competition by opposing political candidates seeking support from voters; a connected series of military actions during a war 活动 cancel - v. to end; to stop 取消 cancer - n. a disease in which dangerous cells grow quickly and destroy parts of the body 癌症 candidate - n. a person who seeks or is nominated for an office or an honor 候选人 capitalism - n. an economic system in which the production of most goods and services is owned and operated for profit by private citizens or companies 资本主义 capture - v. to make a person or animal a prisoner; to seize or take by force; to get control of 捕获 case (court) - n. a legal action 案例 case (medical) - n. an incident of disease ("There was only one case of chicken pox at the school.") 病例 cause - v. to make happen; n. the thing or person that produces a result 导致 ceasefire - n. a halt in fighting, usually by agreement 停火协议 celebrate - v. to honor a person or event with special activities 庆祝 ceremony - n. an act or series of acts done in a special way established by tradition 仪式 chairman - n. a person leading a meeting or an organized group 主席 champion - n. the best; the winner 冠军 charge - v. to accuse someone of something, usually a crime 控诉; n. a statement in which someone is accused of something 指控 chase - v. to run or go after someone or something 追逐 cheer - v. to shout approval or praise 欢呼 chemicals - n. elements found in nature or made by people; substances used in the science of chemistry 化学物质 chemistry - n. the scientific study of substances, what they are made of, how they act under different conditions, and how they form other substances 化学 chief - n. the head or leader of a group 首领; ad. leading; most important 主要的 civilian - ad. not military 平民 civil rights - n. the political, economic and social rights given equally to all people of a nation 公民权力 claim - v. to say something as a fact 声明 clash - n. a battle 冲突; v. to fight or oppose 发生冲突 clergy - n. a body of officials within a religious organization 神职人员 climate - n. the normal weather conditions of a place 气候 coal - n. a solid black substance used as fuel 煤 coalition - n. forces, groups or nations joined together 联盟 coast - n. land on the edge of the ocean 海岸 colony - n. land controlled by another country or government 殖民地 combine - v. to mix or bring together 联合，结合 command - v. to order; to have power over something 命令 comment - v. to say something about; to express an opinion about something 评论 committee - n. a group of people given special work 委员会 communicate - v. to tell; to give or exchange information 交流，通信 community - n. a group of people living together in one place or area 社区 compare - v. to examine what is different or similar 对比 compete - v. to try to do as well as, or better than, another or others 竞争 complex - ad. of or having many parts that are difficult to understand; not simple 复杂的 compromise - n. the settlement of an argument where each side agrees to accept less than first demanded 折衷 concern - n. interest, worry ("express concern about") ; v. to fear ("to be concerned") 关注，关心 condemn - v. to say a person or action is wrong or bad 遣责 condition - n. something declared necessary to complete an agreement 条件; a person's health 身体状况 conference - n. a meeting 会议 confirm - v. to approve; to say that something is true 确定 conflict - n. a fight; a battle, especially a long one 冲突 congratulate - v. to praise a person or to express pleasure for success or good luck 祝贺 Congress - n. the organization of people elected to make the laws of the United States (the House of Representatives and the Senate); a similar organization in other countries 议会 conservative - n. one who usually supports tradition and opposes great change 保守派 constitution - n. the written general laws and ideas that form a nation's system of government 宪法 contain - v. to hold; to include 包容 container - n. a box, bottle or can used to hold something 容器 continent - n. any of the seven great land areas of the world 大陆 control - v. to direct; to have power over 控制 convention - n. a large meeting for a special purpose 大会 cooperate - v. to act or work together 合作 court - n. where trials take place; where judges make decisions about law 法院 crash - v. to fall violently; to hit with great force 碰撞，坠毁 create - v. to make; to give life or form to 创造 creature - n. any living being; any animal or human 生物 credit - n. an agreement that payments will be made at a later time 信用 crew - n. a group of people working together 全体人员 crime - n. an act that violates a law 罪行 criminal - n. a person who is responsible for a crime 罪犯 crisis - n. an extremely important time when something may become much better or worse; a dangerous situation 危机 criticize - v. to say what is wrong with something or someone; to condemn; to judge 批评 crowd - n. a large number of people gathered in one place 人群 crush - v. to damage or destroy by great weight; to defeat completely 压碎 curfew - n. an order to people to stay off the streets or to close their businesses 戒严 current - n. movement of air, water or electricity 水流，电流; ad. belonging to the present time 目前的 ("She found the report in a current publication.") custom - n. a long-established belief or activity of a people 习惯，风俗 customs - n. taxes on imports 入关税 D dam - n. a wall built across a river to hold back flowing water 大坝 damage - v. to cause injury or destruction 摧毁; n. harm; hurt or injury, usually to things 毁坏 deaf - ad. not able to hear 聋的 debate - v. to argue for or against something; n. a public discussion or argument 争论 debt - n. something that is owed; the condition of owing 债务 declare - v. to say; to make a statement 声明 decrease - v. to make less in size or amount 降低 defeat - v. to cause to lose in a battle or struggle; n. a loss; the condition of having lost 打败 defend - v. to guard or fight against attack; to protect 防卫 deficit - n. a shortage that results when spending is greater than earnings, or imports are greater than exports 赤字 define - v. to give the meaning of; to explain 定义 delay - v. to decide to do something at a later time; to postpone; to cause to be late 延迟 delegate - n. one sent to act for another; one who represents another 代表 demand - v. to ask by ordering; to ask with force 要求 democracy - n. the system of government in which citizens vote to choose leaders or to make other important decisions 民主 demonstrate - v. to make a public show of opinions or feelings ("The crowd demonstrated in support of human rights.") 示威; to explain by using examples ("The teacher demonstrated the idea with an experiment.") 示范 denounce - v. to accuse of being wrong or evil; to criticize severely 谴责 deny - v. to declare that something is not true; to refuse a request 否认 depend - v. to need help and support 依靠 deplore - v. to regret strongly; to express sadness 表示悲痛 deploy - v. to move forces or weapons into positions for action 部署（军队） depression - n. severe unhappiness; a period of reduced business and economic activity during which many people lose their jobs 衰退 describe - v. to give a word picture of something; to give details of something 描述 design - v. to plan or create plans for 设计 desire - v. to want very much; to wish for 愿望 destroy - v. to break into pieces; to end the existence of 摧毁 develop - v. to grow; to create; to experience progress 发展 device - n. a piece of equipment made for a special purpose 设备 dictator - n. a ruler with complete power 独裁者 diet - n. usual daily food and drink 日常饮食 diplomat - n. a person who represents his or her government in dealing with another government 外交官 direct - v. to lead; to aim or show the way 指引 ("He directed me to the theater."); ad. straight to something; not through some other person or thing 直接的 ("The path is direct.") direction - n. the way (east, west, north, south); where someone or something came from or went to 方向 dirt - n. earth or soil 泥土 disappear - v. to become unseen; to no longer exist 消失 disarm - v. to take away weapons; to no longer keep weapons; to make a bomb harmless by removing its exploding device 解除武装 discuss - v. to talk about; to exchange ideas 讨论 disease - n. a sickness in living things, often caused by viruses, germs or bacteria 疾病 dismiss - v. to send away; to refuse to consider 解散 dispute - v. to oppose strongly by argument; n. an angry debate 争论 dissident - n. a person who strongly disagrees with his or her government 不同政见者 document - n. an official piece of paper with facts written on it, used as proof or support of something 文件 drown - v. to die under water 溺水 drug - n. anything used as a medicine or in making medicine; a chemical substance used to ease pain or to affect the mind 药品 dust - n. pieces of matter so small that they can float in the air 灰尘 E earn - v. to be paid in return for work done 获得 earthquake - n. a sudden, violent shaking of the earth's surface 地震 ease - v. to reduce; to make less difficult 减轻 ecology - n. the scientific study of the environment and links among living and material things 环境 economy - n. the system by which money, industry and trade are organized 经济 edge - n. the line where something ends or begins 边缘 effect - n. the result or change caused by something ("The storm had a serious effect on the economy.") 效果 effort - n. an attempt; the work necessary to do something 努力 elect - v. to choose by voting 选举 electricity - n. a form of energy that flows through wires to provide heat and light, and power to machines 电力 embassy - n. the offices of an ambassador and his or her assistants 大使馆 emergency - n. an unexpected and dangerous situation demanding quick action 紧急情况 emotion - n. a strong feeling such as love, hate, fear or sadness 感情 employ - v. to give work in return for wages 雇佣 energy - n. power used to do work, usually with machines; the ability and willingness to be active 能量 enforce - v. to make something be done 强制执行 engine - n. a machine that uses energy to cause movement or to do work 引擎 engineer - n. a person who designs engines, machines, roads, bridges or railroads 工程师 environment - n. all surrounding things, conditions and influences that affect life; the natural world of land, sea, air, plants and animals 环境 equal - ad. the same in amount, size, weight or value; having the same rights 对等的 equipment - n. things, tools or machines needed for a purpose or activity 设备 escape - v. to get free; to get away from; to get out of 逃离 especially - ad. more than others ("We liked the food, especially the fish.") 特别是 establish - v. to bring into existence; to create 建立 estimate - v. to form an opinion about a value, size or amount using less than complete information 估计 ethnic - ad. of or concerning people belonging to a large group because of their race, religion, language, tribe or where their ancestors lived 种族的 evaporate - v. to change from a liquid into a gas 蒸发 evidence - n. material or facts that prove something; a reason for believing 证据 evil - ad. not good; extremely bad 邪恶的 examine - v. to study closely 审视，察看 exchange - v. to trade 交易; to give or receive one thing for another 交换 execute - v. to kill 处死 exile - v. to force a person to leave his or her country; to expel 驱逐; n. a person who is forced to leave his or her country 被驱逐者 exist - v. to be; to live 存在 expand - v. to make larger; to grow larger 扩张 expect - v. to think or believe that something will happen; to wait for an event 期望 expel - v. to force out; to remove from; to send away 驱逐，开除 experience - v. to live through an event, situation or condition 经历("She experienced great pain."); n. something that one has done or lived through 经历("The experience caused her great pain.") experiment - v. to test 做实验; n. a test or trial carried out to prove if an idea is true or false, or to discover something 实验 expert - n. a person with special knowledge or training 专家 explode - v. to break apart violently with a loud noise, like a bomb 爆炸 explore - v. to travel in a place that is not well known to learn more about it; to make a careful search; to examine closely 探索 export - v. to send to another country 出口; n. something sent to another country, usually for sale 出口商品 express - v. to say clearly 表达 extend - v. to stretch out in area or length 扩展 ; to continue for a longer time 延长 extreme - ad. more than the usual or accepted 极端的 extremist - n. a person with strong religious or political beliefs who acts in an extreme or violent way 极端主义者 F fail - v. to not succeed; to not reach a goal 失败 fair - ad. just; honest; what is right 公正 federal - ad. of or having to do with a national or central government 联邦的 fertile - ad. rich in production of plants or animals; producing much 肥沃的，多产的 fierce - ad. extremely strong; violent; angry 猛烈的 financial - ad. of or about the system that includes the use of money, credit, investments and banks 财政的 fine - n. a payment ordered by a court to punish someone for a crime 罚款; ad. very good 好的; very small or thin 细小的 fireworks - n. rockets producing bright fire in the sky, used in holiday celebrations 鞭炮 firm - ad. not easily moved or changed ("She is firm in her opinion.") 坚定的 fit - v. to be of the correct size or shape ("These shoes fit my feet.") 适合 fix - v. to make good or right again 修理 flee - v. to run away from 逃跑 float - v. to be on water without sinking; to move or be moved gently on water or through air 飘浮 flood - v. to cover with water 淹没; n. the movement of water out of a river, lake or ocean onto land 水灾 flow - v. to move like a liquid 流动 fluid - n. any substance that can flow, such as a liquid 液体 forgive - v. to pardon; to excuse; to remove guilt 原谅 former - ad. earlier in time; not now 前任的 forward - ad. the direction in front of; toward the front 向前的 freedom - n. the condition of being free 自由 freeze - v. to cause or to become very cold; to make or to become hard by cold 冰冻 fresh - ad. newly made or gathered; recent 清新的 frighten - v. to cause great fear 使惊吓 fuel - n. any substance burned to create heat or power 燃料 funeral - n. a ceremony held in connection with the burial or burning of the dead 葬礼 G gain - v. to get possession of; to get more; to increase 获得 gas - n. any substance that is not solid or liquid; any substance that burns to provide heat, light or power 气体 gather - v. to bring or come together into a group or place 集合; to collect 收集 govern - v. to control; to rule by military or political power 统治 government - n. a system of governing; the organization of people that rules a country, city or area 政府 grain - n. the seed of grass plants used for food, such as wheat, rice and corn; those plants that produce the seeds 谷类 gray - ad. having the color like that made by mixing black and white 灰色的 grind - v. to reduce to small pieces by crushing 磨碎 guarantee - v. to promise a result; to promise that something will happen 保证 guerrilla - n. a person who fights as part of an unofficial army, usually against an official army or police 游击队 guilty - ad. having done something wrong or in violation of a law; responsible for a bad action 有罪的 H halt - v. to come or cause to come to a stop; to stop 停止 headquarters - n. the center from which orders are given; the main offices of a business or organization 司令部 health - n. the general condition of the body and mind; the condition of being free from sickness or disease 健康 helicopter - n. a machine without wings that can fly up or down or remain in one place above the ground 直升机 hijack - v. to seize or take control of a vehicle by force 绑架 holy - ad. greatly honored in religion 神圣的 honor - v. to obey; to show strong, good feelings for 尊敬 ("to honor one's parents"); n. an award; an act of giving special recognition 尊敬("He received many honors for his efforts to help others.") horrible - ad. causing great fear; terrible 可怕的 hostage - n. a person captured and held as a guarantee that a demand or promise will be honored 人质 hostile - ad. ready to fight; ready for war 敌对的 I identify - v. to recognize someone or something and to say who or what they are 识别 illegal - ad. not legal; in violation of a law 非法的 imagine - v. to make a picture in the mind; to form an idea 想象 import - v. to bring from another country 进口; n. something brought from another country, usually for sale 进口商品 improve - v. to make better; to become better 提高 incident - n. an event or something that happens 事故 incite - v. to urge or cause an action or emotion, usually something bad or violent 煽动 increase - v. to make more in size or amount 增加 independent - ad. not influenced by or controlled by another or others; free; separate 独立的 individual - n. one person 个人 industry - n. any business that produces goods or provides services; the work and related activity in factories and offices; all organizations involved in manufacturing 工业，产业，行业 infect - v. to make sick with something that causes disease 传染 inflation - n. a continuing rise in prices while the value of money goes down 通货膨胀 influence - v. to have an effect on someone or something; to cause change 影响 inform - v. to tell; to give knowledge to 告知 inject - v. to force a fluid into, such as putting medicine or drugs into the body through the skin 注射 injure - v. to cause harm or damage to a person or animal 伤害 innocent - ad. not guilty of a crime; not responsible for a bad action 无辜的 insane - ad. mentally sick 患精神病的 inspect - v. to look at something carefully; to examine, especially by an expert 视察 instrument - n. a tool or device designed to do something or to make something 器械 insult - v. to say something or to do something that makes another person angry or dishonored 侮辱 intelligence - n. the ability to think or learn; information gathered by spying 智慧 intelligent - ad. quick to understand or learn 有才智的 intense - ad. very strong; extremely serious 剧烈的 interest - n. what is important to someone 利益 ("He acted to protect his interests." "She had a great interest in painting."); a share in owning a business; money paid for the use of money borrowed 利息 interfere - v. to get in the way of; to work against; to take part in the activities of others, especially when not asked to do so 干涉 intervene - v. to come between; to come between in order to settle or solve 干预，介入 invade - v. to enter an area or country by force with an army 侵略 invest - v. to give money to a business or organization with the hope of making more money 投资 investigate - v. to study or examine all information about an event, situation or charge; to search for the truth 调查，研究 involve - v. to take part in; to become a part of; to include 包括 issue - n. an important problem or subject that people are discussing or arguing about 事件 J jail - n. a prison for those waiting to be tried for a crime or for those serving sentences for crimes that are not serious 监狱 joint - ad. shared by two or more 共同的 jury - n. a group of people chosen to decide what is true in a trial 陪审团 just - ad. only ("Help me for just a minute."); very shortly before or after the present ("He just left.") 刚才; at the same time 同时 ("He left just as I came in."); what is right or fair 公正的 ("The law is just, in my opinion.") K kidnap - v. to seize and take away by force 绑架 knowledge - n. that which is known; learning or understanding 知识 L labor - n. work; workers as a group 劳动力 laboratory - n. a room or place where experiments in science are done 实验室 lack - v. to be without; n. the condition of needing, wanting or not having 缺乏 launch - v. to put into operation; to begin开办; to send into the air or space 发射 leak - v. to come out of or to escape through a small opening or hole (usually a gas or liquid) 漏 legal - ad. of or in agreement with the law 合法的 legislature - n. a government lawmaking group 立法机构 liberal - ad. one who usually supports social progress or change 自由主义的 lightning - n. light produced by electricity in the air, usually during a storm 闪电 link - v. to connect; to unite one thing or event with another; n. a relation between two or more things, situations or events 联系 literature - n. all the poems, stories and writings of a period of time or of a country 文学 load - v. to put objects on or into a vehicle or container 装载. that which is carried 负荷 loan - n. money borrowed that usually must be returned with interest payments; 借款 local - ad. about or having to do with one place 本地的 loyal - ad. showing strong friendship and support for someone or something 忠诚的 M majority - n. the greater number; more than half 多数 manufacture - v. to make goods in large amounts 制造 march - v. to walk in a group like soldiers; to walk together in a large group to protest about something 游行 market - n. a place or area where goods are sold, bought or traded; an economic system in which the prices of things are decided by how many there are and how much money people are willing to pay for them 市场 mass - n. an amount of matter having no special form and usually of a large size 大量事物 mate - v. to bring together a male and a female to create another creature 使配对 mathematics - n. the science dealing with amounts, sizes and shapes, as explained by numbers and signs 数学 mayor - n. the chief official of a city or town government 市长 measure - v. to learn the amount, size or distance of something 测量. an action taken 措施 a legislative proposal 议案 media - n. all public information organizations, including newspapers, television and radio 媒体 melt - v. to make a solid into a liquid by heating it 融化 member - n. one of a group 成员 memorial - n. something done or made to honor the memory of a person or event 纪念的 mental - ad. about or having to do with the mind 精神的 mercy - n. kindness toward those who should be punished; the power to be kind or to pardon 仁慈 message - n. written or spoken news or information; a note from one person to another person or group 消息 metal - n. a hard substance such as iron, steel or gold 金属 method - n. the way something is done 方法 microscope - n. a device used to make very small things look larger so they can be studied 显微镜 militant - n. someone active in trying to cause political change, often by the use of force or violence 斗士 military - n. the armed forces of a nation or group; ad. of or about the armed forces 军方 mineral - n. a substance found in nature that is not an animal or a plant, such as coal or salt 矿物 minister - n. a member of a cabinet; a high government official ("prime minister," "foreign minister") 部长 minor - ad. small in size; of little importance 少数的 minority - n. the smaller number; opposite majority 少数 missile - n. any weapon that can be thrown or fired through the air and explodes when it reaches its target 导弹 missing - ad. lost; not found 遗失的 mob - n. a large group of wild or angry people 暴徒 moderate - ad. not extreme 温和的 moral - ad. concerning what is right or wrong in someone's actions 道德的 motion - n. a movement; a continuing change of position or place 运动，动作 mourn - v. to express or feel sadness 哀悼 mystery - n. something that is not or cannot be explained or understood; a secret 神秘事物 N natural - ad. of or about nature; normal; common to its kind 自然的 navy - n. the part of a country's military force trained to fight at sea 海军 negotiate - v. to talk about a problem or situation to find a common solution 商议 neutral - ad. not supporting one side or the other in a dispute 中立的 nominate - v. to name someone as a candidate for an election; to propose a person for an office or position 提名 nowhere - ad. not in, to or at any place 到处都没有 nuclear - ad. of or about the energy produced by splitting atoms or bringing them together; of or about weapons that explode by using energy from atoms 核的 O obey - v. to act as one is ordered to act 遵从 object - v. to show that one does not like or approve; to protest 反对; n. something not alive that can be seen or touched 物体 observe - v. to watch; to look at carefully; to celebrate or honor something ("They will observe the anniversary of the day she was born.") 观察 occupy - v. to take and hold or to control by force 占领 offensive - n. a military campaign of attack 攻击; ad. having to do with attacking 攻击性的 offer - v. to present or propose 提供; n. the act of presenting or proposing 提议; that which is presented or proposed 提供物 officer - n. a person in the military who commands others; any person who is a member of a police force 武官 official - n. a person with power in an orgaization; a representative of an organization or government; ad. of or about an office; approved by the government or someone in power 文官 operate - v. to do work or a job 执行; to cut into the body for medical reasons 手术 opinion - n. a belief based on one's own ideas and thinking 意见 oppose - v. to be against; to fight against 反对 opposite - ad. different as possible; completely different from ; exactly the other way ("North is the opposite direction from south.") 相反的 oppress - v. to make others suffer; to control by the use of unjust and cruel force or power 压迫 orbit - v. to travel in space around a planet or other object 绕轨道而行; n. the path or way an object travels in space around another object or planet 轨道 oust - v. to force to leave; to remove by force 剥夺 overthrow - v. to remove from power; to defeat or end by force 推翻 owe - v. to pay or have to repay (usually money) in return for something received 欠 P parachute - n. a device that permits a person or thing to fall slowly from an airplane or helicopter to the ground 降落伞 parade - n. a group of people and vehicles moving together to celebrate a special event or anniversary 游行 parliament - n. a government lawmaking group 议会 passport - n. a document permitting a person to travel to another country 护照 patient - n. a person being treated by a doctor for a health problem 病人 peace - n. the condition of freedom from war, fighting or noise; rest; quiet 和平 perform - v. to speak, dance or sing in front of others 表演 permanent - ad. never changing; lasting for a very long time or for all time 永久的 permit - v. to let; to make possible 允许 physical - ad. of the body 身体的 physics - n. the study of motion, matter and energy 物理 pilot - n. one who guides or flies an airplane or helicopter 飞行员 planet - n. a large object in space that orbits the sun ("Earth is a planet.") 行星 plot - v. to make secret plans密谋; n. a secret plan to do something wrong or illegal 阴谋 poem - n. words and their sounds organized in a special way to express emotions 诗 point - v. to aim one's finger toward; to aim 指向; n. the sharp end of something 尖端 policy - n. an established set of plans or goals used to develop and make decisions in politics, economics or business 制度 politics - n. the activities of government and of those who are in public office 政治 pollute - v. to release dangerous or unpleasant substances into the air, soil or water 污染 popular - ad. liked by many people; generally approved by the public 流行的，受欢迎的 port - n. a city where ships load or unload goods; a place on a coast where ships can be safe from a storm 港口 position - n. a place; the way of holding the body; the way a thing is set or placed; a job (or level of a job) in an organization 位置 possess - v. to have; to own; to control or be controlled by 拥有 postpone - v. to delay action until a later time 拖延 pour - v. to flow; to cause to flow 倾泻 praise - v. to say good things about; to approve 赞扬 pray - v. to make a request to a god or spirit; to praise a god or spirit 祈祷 pregnant - ad. carrying a child within the body before it is born; expecting to give birth to a baby 怀孕的 present - v. to offer for consideration 表明 ("We will present our idea to the committee."); n. a gift 礼物("I gave them a present for their anniversary."); now ("The present time is a good time."); ad. to be at a place 出席的 ("I was present at school yesterday.") press - v. to urge strongly 逼迫 ; n. newspapers, magazines and other publications 出版 pressure - n. the force produced when something is pushed down or against something else 压力 prevent - v. to keep or stop from going or happening 阻止 private - ad. of or about a person or group that is secret; opposite public 私人的 prize - n. something offered or won in a competition; something of value that one must work hard for to get 奖项 process - n. an operation or series of changes leading to a desired result 过程 produce - v. to make; to create; to cause something to be; to manufacture 生产 profession - n. a job that requires special training 职业 profit - n. money gained from a business activity after paying all costs of that activity 利润 progress - n. movement forward or toward improvement or a goal 发展 project - n. a planned effort to do something 项目 propaganda - n. ideas or information used to influence opinions property - n. anything owned by someone such as land, buildings or goods 财产 propose - v. to present or offer for consideration 建议 protest - v. to speak against; to object 抗议 prove - v. to show to be true 正式 publication - n. something that is published such as a book, newspaper or magazine 出版物 publish - v. to make public something that is written; to include something in a book, newspaper or magazine 出版 pull - v. to use force to move something toward the person or thing using the force; opposite push 拉 pump - v. to force a gas or liquid up, into or through 抽吸 punish - v. to cause pain, suffering or loss for doing something bad or illegal 惩罚 purchase - v. to buy with money or with something of equal value; n. that which is bought 购买 pure - ad. free from anything that is different or that reduces value; clean 纯的 purpose - n. the reason or desired effect for doing something; goal 目标 push - v. to use force to move something away from the person or thing using the force; opposite pull 推 Q quality - n. that which something is known to have or be ("An important quality of steel is its strength."); amount of value or excellence ("Their goods are of the highest quality.") 质量 R race - v. to run; to take part in a competition to decide who or what can move fastest 竞赛; n. one of the major groups that humans can be divided into because of a common physical similarity, such as skin color 种族 radar - n. a device that uses radio signals to learn the position or speed of objects that may be too far away to be seen 雷达 radiation - n. waves of energy from something that produces heat or light; energy from a nuclear substance, which can be dangerous 辐射 raid - v. to make a sudden attack 袭击; n. a sudden attack carried out as an act of war, or for the purpose of seizing or stealing something 突袭 realistic - ad. in agreement with the way things are 现实的 reasonable - ad. ready to listen to reasons or ideas; not extreme; ready or willing to compromise 合理的 rebel - v. to act against a government or power, often with force; to refuse to obey 反抗; n. one who opposes or fights against the government of his or her country 造反者 recession - n. a temporary reduction in economic activity, when industries produce less and many workers lose their jobs 衰退 recognize - v. to know or remember something or someone that was known, known about or seen before 识别; to accept another nation as independent and establish diplomatic ties with its government 承认 reform - v. to make better by changing; to improve; n. a change to a better condition 改革 refugee - n. a person who has been forced to flee because of unjust treatment, danger or war 难民 reject - v. to refuse to accept, use or believe 反对 relations - n. understandings or ties between nations; members of the same family; people connected by marriage or family ties 关系 release - v. to free; to permit to go 释放; to permit to be known or made public 发布 religion - n. a belief in, or the honoring of, a god or gods 宗教 remain - v. to stay in a place after others leave; to stay the same 保留 remains - n. a dead body 遗体 report - v. to tell about; to give the results of a study or investigation 报道; n. the story about an event; the results of a study or investigation; a statement in which the facts may not be confirmed 报道 represent - v. to act in the place of someone else; to substitute for; to serve as an example 代表 repress - v. to control or to restrict freedoms by force 压制 request - v. to ask for; n. the act of asking for 要求 require - v. to need or demand as necessary 需要 rescue - v. to free from danger or evil 拯救 research - n. a careful study to discover correct information 研究 resign - v. to leave a position, job or office 辞职 resist - v. to oppose 反对; to fight to prevent 反抗 resolution - n. an official statement of agreement by a group of people, usually reached by voting 决议 resource - n. anything of value that can be used or sold 资源 responsible - ad. having a duty or job to do ("He is responsible for preparing the report."); being the cause of ("They were responsible for the accident.") 有责任的 restrain - v. to keep controlled; to limit action by a person or group 抑制 restrict - v. to limit; to prevent from increasing or becoming larger 限制 revolt - v. to protest violently; to fight for a change, especially of government 反抗 riot - v. to act with many others in a violent way in a public place 骚乱; n. a violent action by a large group of people 暴乱 risk - n. the chance of loss, damage or injury 风险 rob - v. to take money or property secretly or by force; to steal 抢夺 rocket - n. a device shaped like a tube that moves through air or space by burning gases and letting them escape from the back or bottom, sometimes used as a weapon 火箭，导弹 rub - v. to move something over the surface of another thing 摩擦 ruin - v. to damage severely; to destroy 毁坏 rule - v. to govern or control; to decide 统治; n. a statement or an order that says how something must be done 规则 S sabotage - v. to damage or destroy as an act against an organization or nation ("The rebels sabotaged the railroad.") sacrifice - v. to do without something or to suffer a loss for a belief, idea, goal or another person 牺牲 satellite - n. a small object in space that moves around a larger object; an object placed in orbit around the earth 卫星 satisfy - v. to give or provide what is desired, needed or demanded 使满意 security - n. freedom from danger or harm; protection; measures necessary to protect a person or place ("Security was increased in the city.") 安全 Senate - n. the smaller of the two groups in the governments of some countries, such as in the United States Congress 参议院 severe - ad. not gentle; causing much pain, sadness or damage 严重的 shell - v. to fire artillery 炮轰; n. a metal container that is fired from a large gun and explodes when it reaches its target; a hard outside cover 炮弹 shelter - v. to protect or give protection to 庇护; n. something that gives protection; a place of safety 庇护所 shrink - v. to make or become less in size, weight or value 缩减 skeleton - n. all the bones of a human or other animal together in their normal positions 骷髅 slide - v. to move smoothly over a surface 滑行 smash - v. to break or be broken into small pieces by force; to hit or move with force 打碎 spill - v. to cause or permit liquid to flow out, usually by accident 溢出 spirit - n. the part of a human that is not physical and is connected to thoughts and emotions; the part of a person that is believed to remain alive after death 精神 split - v. to separate into two or more parts; to divide or break into parts 分裂 spy - v. to steal or get information secretly 侦察; n. one who watches others secretly; a person employed by a government to get secret information about another country 间谍 square - n. a flat shape having four equal sides 四方型 stab - v. to cut or push into or through with a pointed weapon 刺伤 starve - v. to suffer or die from a lack of food 挨饿 statue - n. a form of a human, animal or other creature usually made of stone, wood or metal 塑像 storm - n. violent weather, including strong winds and rain or snow 风暴 straight - ad. continuing in one direction without turns 直接的 stretch - v. to extend for a distance; to pull on to make longer or wider 伸展 strike - v. to hit with force; to stop work as a way to seek better conditions, more pay or to make other demands 罢工 structure - n. the way something is built, made or organized; a system that is formed or organized in a special way; a building 结构 struggle - v. to try with much effort; to fight with 挣扎; n. a great effort; a fight 奋斗 submarine - n. an underwater ship 潜艇 substance - n. the material of which something is made (a solid, liquid or gas) 物质 substitute - v. to put or use in place of another替换; n. a person or thing put or used in place of another 替换者（品） subversion - n. an attempt to weaken or destroy a political system or government, usually secretly 颠覆 succeed - v. to reach a goal or thing desired; to produce a planned result 成功 suffer - v. to feel pain in the body or mind; to receive or experience hurt or sadness 受苦 suggest - v. to offer or propose something to think about or consider 建议 supervise - v. to direct and observe the work of others 监督 supply - v. to give; to provide 供给; n. the amount of something that can be given or sold to others 供给品 support - v. to carry the weight of; to hold up or in position; to agree with others and help them reach a goal; to approve 支持 suppose - v. to believe, think or imagine 假设 ("I suppose you are right."); to expect ("It is supposed to rain tonight.") suppress - v. to put down or to keep down by force; to prevent information from being known publicly 压制 surplus - n. an amount that is more than is needed; extra; ("That country has a trade surplus. It exports more than it imports.") 过剩 surrender - v. to give control of oneself or one's property to another or others; to stop fighting and admit defeat 投降 survive - v. to remain alive during or after a dangerous situation 幸存 suspect - v. to imagine or believe that a person is guilty of something bad or illegal 怀疑; n. a person believed to be guilty 嫌疑犯 suspend - v. to cause to stop for a period of time 延缓 swallow - v. to take into the stomach through the mouth 吞咽 swear in - v. to put an official into office by having him or her promise to carry out the duties of that office 宣誓就职 ("The chief justice will swear in the president.") sympathy - n. a sharing of feelings or emotions with another person, usually feelings of sadness 同情 T tax - n. the money a person or business must pay to the government so the government can provide services 税 technical - ad. involving machines, processes and materials in industry, transportation and communications; of or about a very special kind of subject or thing 技术的("You need technical knowledge to understand how this system works.") technology - n. the use of scientific knowledge and methods to produce goods and services 技术 telescope - n. a device for making objects that are far away appear closer and larger 望远镜 temporary - ad. lasting only a short time 暂时的 tense - ad. having fear or concern; dangerous; opposite calm 紧张的 territory - n. a large area of land 领地 terror - n. extreme fear; that which causes great fear 恐怖行动 terrorist - n. a person who carries out acts of extreme violence as a protest or a way to influence a government 恐怖主义者 theory - n. a possible explanation of why something exists or how something happens using experiments or ideas, but which is not yet proven 理论 ("Other scientists are debating his theory about the disappearance of dinosaurs.") threaten - v. to warn that one will do harm or cause damage 威胁 torture - v. to cause severe pain 折磨; n. the act of causing severe pain in order to harm, to punish or to get information from 折磨，拷打 trade - v. to buy and sell or exchange products or services 交易; n. the activity of buying, selling or exchanging products or services 贸易 tradition - n. a ceremony, activity or belief that has existed for a long time 传统 traffic - n. the movement of people, vehicles or ships along a street, road or waterway 交通 tragic - ad. extremely sad; terrible 悲剧的 transport - v. to move goods or people from one place to another 运输 transportation - n. the act or business of moving goods or people 交通 treason - n. the act of fighting against one's own country or of helping its enemies 叛国罪 treasure - n. a large collection of money, jewels or other things of great value 财宝 treaty - n. a written agreement between two or more nations 协定 trial - n. an examination in a court of a question or dispute to decide if a charge is true 审判 tribe - n. a group of families ruled by a common chief or leader 部族 trick - v. to cheat; to fool a person so as to get something or make him or her do something 诡计 troops - n. a number of soldiers in a large controlled group 军队 truce - n. a temporary halt in fighting agreed to by all sides involved 休战 tube - n. a long, round structure through which liquids or gases can flow; a long, thin container in which they can be kept 管道 U unite - v. to join together 联合 universe - n. all of space, including planets and stars 宇宙 unless - conj. except if it happens; on condition that ("I will not go, unless the rain stops.") 除非 urge - v. to advise strongly; to make a great effort to get someone to do something 敦促 urgent - ad. needing an immediate decision or action 紧急的 V valley - n. a long area of land between higher areas of land 山谷 value - n. the quality of being useful, important or desired; the amount of money that could be received if something is sold 价值 vehicle - n. anything on or in which a person or thing can travel or be transported, especially anything on wheels; a car or truck 交通工具 version - n. the form of something with different details than earlier or later forms 版本 veto - v. to reject or refuse to approve 否决 vicious - ad. bad; dangerous; showing harm or hate 恶意的 victim - n. someone or something that is injured, killed or made to suffer; someone who is tricked 牺牲品 violate - v. to fail to obey or honor; to break (an agreement) 违反 violence - n. the use of force to cause injury, death or damage 暴力 volcano - n. a hill or mountain around a hole in the earth's surface that can explode, sending hot, melted rock and ash into the air 火山 vote - v. to choose a candidate in an election 选举; n. a choice or decision expressed by the voice, by hand or by writing 选举 W wages - n. money received for work done 工资 warn - v. to tell of possible danger; to advise or inform about something bad that may happen 警告 wealth - n. a large amount of possessions, money or other things of value 财富 wheat - n. a grain used to make bread; the plant that produces the grain 小麦 willing - ad. being ready or having a desire to ("They are willing to talk about the problem.") 心甘情愿的 withdraw - v. to take or move out, away or back; to remove 撤退 wonder - v. to ask oneself; to question 想知道("She wonders if it is true."); n. a feeling of surprise 惊奇 wreck - v. to damage greatly; to destroy 毁坏 ; n. anything that has been badly damaged or broken 毁灭 wreckage - n. what remains of something severely damaged or destroyed 残骸 |
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