[00:00.00]Questions 14-- 16 are based on an interview about a police officer
[00:08.10]talking about her work.
[00:11.34]You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14--16.
[00:18.10]M:Now you spent,erm, quite some time,
[00:23.35]erm,as a beat officer or on the beat.Is that right?
[00:29.60]W:That's right.
[00:32.65]M:When you were training? W:Yes.
[00:37.20]M:How long was that for?
[00:40.36]W:Approximately three and a half year before I specialised as such,
[00:47.10]M:And,and what would that involve?
[00:51.93]W:It involved doing shift system which is early,lates,nights.
[00:57.68]M:Early,lates and nights.Can you explain what.what hours they are?
[01:03.92]W:The early shift starts at six o'clock in the morning
[01:09.17]till two o'clock in the afternoon.
[01:13.01]Then you've got the late shift
[01:16.49]from two o'clock in the afternoon to ten o'clock at night.
[01:22.34]And then night duty from the p.m.until six a.m.
[01:28.08]because obviously all stations have to be manned 24 hours a day.
[01:35.03]M:Is there any particular aspect of the work that you prefer?
[01:40.88]W:Not really,erm. You do have your preferences.
[01:46.74]I mean,if its pouring down with rain you
[01:51.78]prefer to be in a car than walking,but somebody has to do it.
[01:57.71]M:When you're out on the beat how often in fact,erm,
[02:03.87]do incidents occur that require your;erm,intervention?
[02:11.13]W:You can't guarantee what's going to happen when you come on.
[02:16.67]You can come on duty thinking oh,you know:'What a great day'
[02:22.73]and you end up with something terrible happening,erm.
[02:28.69]Every day's different.
[02:31.75]M:Have you ever had anything
[02:35.09]terrible or dangerous or unpleasant happening to you?
[02:40.84]W:One or two things.yes.
[02:44.70]You obviously get involved with fatal accidents
[02:49.53]even just as a police officer as a PC.
[02:54.79]M:Would you say that was the worst part of the job,
[02:59.72]having to attend at fatal accidents?
[03:04.27]W:For myself,no.
[03:07.64]They're not as bad as some things.
[03:11.37]M:But it's obviously you say
[03:15.24]it's not what you consider the most unpleasant part What is?
[03:21.09]W:I think the worst things that you get involved with are the children
[03:28.04]the elderly and the animals.
[03:32.58]You get cases of child abuse,
[03:36.35]children that have been beaten by parents,abandoned by parents.
[03:42.09]Again,you get the elderly people who are victims of robberies,
[03:48.44]snatches,where they've
[03:51.99]had their property literally wrenched from their hands or their necks
[03:57.17]They're victims of burglaries.
[04:00.90]You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to Questions 14--16.
[04:08.87]Question 14-16 according to Part C (2).
[04:11.01]14.What does the officer have to do as a beat officer?
[04:13.07](A)Intervene with beatings (B)Do the shift work.
[04:15.11](C)Drive in a rain (D)Be at the police station24 hours.
[04:17.18]15.What is the hour of a late shift?
[04:19.21](A)2.p.m.-10.p.m. (B)6.p.m.-2.a.m.
[04:21.28](C)10.a.m.-6.p.m. (D)6.a.m.- 10.p.m.
[04:23.31]16.What does the officer think is the worst part of her job?
[04:25.35](A)Getting involved in fatal accidents.
[04:27.42](B)Having to walk in the rain at nights.
[04:29.45](C)Dealing with crimes concerning children,old people and animals.
[04:31.52](D)Having to work long hours.
[04:33.55]Questions 17--20 are based on the following report.
[04:40.32]You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17--20.
[04:46.88]ANNOUNCER:(fade) ...which will be concluded at the meeting of
[04:51.11]the International Monetary Fund next month.
[04:56.25]In Britain reports have been coming in of further deaths
[05:02.29]in the Strange ways prison riot.
[05:06.42]Now in its second day,the riot seems to be escalating
[05:12.48]and the Home Office are refusing to comment on rumours
[05:18.22]that the riot is out of control.
[05:22.59]Renata Cohen has brought us this report from the scene:
[05:28.44]RENATA COHEN:I'm standing outside the main gate
[05:32.38]of Manchester's Strange ways prison.
[05:36.74]Smoke is billowing overhead
[05:40.58]and I can see a number of prisoners on the roof of the chapel.
[05:45.76]At the moment there appears to be a great deal of confusion
[05:51.01]over the situation inside the prison.
[05:55.34]This morning a squadron of not police
[05:59.71]entered the prison followed by firemen
[06:04.07]who managed to control a blaze in the gymnasium block,
[06:09.40]but it is still not clear whether the smoke
[06:14.05]we can see is the result of this
[06:17.89]or if other parts of the complex are on fire.
[06:22.93]We have seen dozens of ambulances entering and leaving the building
[06:28.78]but the Home Office spokesman
[06:32.93]has refused to confirm reports of at least eleven dead and fifty wounded.
[06:39.88]It seems that at least halt of the one thousand six hundred prisoners
[06:47.12]in Strange ways are loose in the prison.
[06:51.98]while an estimated seven hundred have surrendered
[06:56.84]and been transferred to other prisons.
[07:00.88]Our latest information is that the remaining prisoners
[07:06.14]have barricaded themselves into several of the cellblocks
[07:11.49]and are resisting all attempts to remove them.
[07:16.35]The not appears to have started during the Sunday morning service in--chapel
[07:22.80]one of the few times when the men are gathered together in one area.
[07:28.23]I spoke to one prison officer earlier today
[07:33.28]who claimed that trouble had been brewing for several months,
[07:38.03]mainly due to severe overcrowding
[07:42.29]and reductions in exercise and visiting hours.
[07:47.33]It seems that in some cases
[07:51.27]three prisoners have been forced to share cells designed for one person.
[07:57.83]Some of the Journalists here report that they have seen canisters of tear gas
[08:04.10]and rifles in the police vans,
[08:08.25]perhaps an indication of the extreme measures
[08:12.49]now deemed necessary to get this not under control.
[08:17.84]This is Renata Cohen reporting for LCC news in Manchester.
[08:23.41]ANNOUNCER:This months EC trade figures were announced today
[08:29.05]and show a distance improvement on the second quarter.
[08:35.00]You now have 40 seconds to check your answers to Questions 17--20.
[08:42.66]Question 17-20 according to Part B (3).
[08:44.72]17.What is the report about?
[08:46.76](A)A serious accident (B)A big fire.
[08:48.82](C)A sport turmoil (D)A prison riot,
[08:50.86]18.How many people are injured in the incident?
[08:52.92](A)11 (B)50 (C)700 (D)800
[08:54.96]19.What is one reason of the incident?
[08:57.00](A)Overcrowdedness (B)Confusion over the situation.
[08:59.06](C)Reduction in allowances (D)Use of tear gas and rifles.
[09:01.10]20.What should be done to get the situation under control?
[09:03.16](A)Catling ambulances (B)Using a van
[09:05.20](C)Calling the police (D)Taking extreme measures
[09:07.26]That is the end of part B.
[09:11.21]Part C
[09:14.47]You will hear an interview about the ways animals form into groups.
[09:20.01]As you listen,you must answer Questions 21-- 30.
[09:26.07]by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right.
[09:32.21]You will hear the interview TWICE.
[09:36.05]You now have 60 seconds to read Questions 21--30.
[09:42.40]W:Right.You're talking about social groupings here,
[09:47.36]could you tell us something about the ways animals form into groups?
[09:52.90]M:Yes,er many,many animals are very solitary animals;
[09:59.85]the only times they get together is when they mate,
[10:05.00]or when they're bringing up their young.
[10:08.94]The majority of animals are solitary,
[10:13.49]but a very significant group of mammals and insects,like
[10:19.44]ants and termites,bees and wasps are very social and they group together
[10:27.30]because in a group it's much safer:
[10:32.16]you can defendyourself more easily if you're in a group,
[10:37.70]you can find mates more easily if you're in a group,
[10:43.37]and you can change the world around you by working with the others
[10:49.30]if you live in a group.
[10:52.54]Solitary animals have a much more difficult time in many ways.
[10:59.10]W:You mentioned lions and other carnivore earlier on.
[11:04.84]Do they group very much?
[11:08.19]M:Yes.Most cats in fact don't group.
[11:13.25]Er lions and,to all esser extent,cheetahs are the only cats that group together
[11:22.11]--a group of lions is called a pride
[11:26.76]--and you might get anything up to fifteen or twenty lions in a pride.
[11:33.32]A pride of lions would have perhaps two or three males,
[11:39.25]perhaps a dozen females,and then the cubs.
[11:44.39]But the real lion group consists of females with their cubs.
[11:51.03]The males tend to stay for a few years
[11:55.08]and then they get kicked out by a group of younger males
[12:00.61]that comes in and take over
[12:04.87]W:Right.What about other animals such as the...
[12:10.33]you've got here zebras,for example,
[12:14.17]and the apes as well,do they... M:Yes.
[12:18.72]Well,zebras form temporary groups.
[12:23.94]Most of the year they're basically on their own,
[12:28.67]although you will get groups of mothers looking after their foals,
[12:34.91]but at one time a year when the females are ready to mate,
[12:40.66]then the males move in,and the males fight one another very vigorously:
[12:47.22]they will try and bite each other,
[12:51.16]they will try and neck-butt each other
[12:55.63]and the biggest,strongest males see off the others,
[13:01.66]and they're the ones that collect a little group of females around them
[13:08.22]and mate with those females.But once mating is finished,
[13:14.78]and the babies are beginning to develop inside the mothers' bodies,
[13:20.84]then off the males go
[13:24.88]and live solitary lives again for the rest of the year
[13:30.42]W:And how about the apes?
[13:34.65]M:Ah,well,now you're talking about the group of animals that we belong to
[13:42.13]and apes--some apes--live in very,very big and complicated social groups
[13:51.16]Not all--orangutans,for example,
[13:55.81]big apes that live in Indonesia and Malaysia--they're very solitary
[14:03.18]and one adult may meet another adult only once every two or three years,
[14:09.92]when a male and a female mate,
[14:13.86]and then,the only relationship then will be between a mother and her baby
[14:20.60]The baby will stay with the mother for two or three years,
[14:25.57]four years,five years even,learning from the mother,
[14:31.42]learning what sorts of foods to eat,what the signs of danger are,
[14:37.95]and then when the baby grows up,off it'll go,
[14:43.28]and live its own,solitary life.
[14:47.54]The reason why arangutans are solitary
[14:52.50]is because there's not very much food in a forest
[14:57.75]and if there was a big group of orangutans
[15:02.09]all the food would-just run out.
[15:06.14]But,leaving Asia and going to Africa,then you find very social apes.
[15:13.19]Now,gorillas,for example,'gorillas live in unimale groups.
[15:20.32]They used to be called harems
[15:24.26]but the technical term is unimale because there's one male within the group
[15:31.50]one male,and then around him will be anything
[15:36.46]up to six,seven,eight,nine females,plus all the babies.
[15:43.52]And that one male in the group is the silverback gorilla,
[15:49.47]and he's much bigger and stronger than the others.
[15:54.72]He's got silvery fur on his back and the others won't challenge him
[16:01.28]and he'll lead the group slowly through the forest,
[16:06.32]settling down every night and moving on the next day,finding food.
[16:13.27]So that's a unimale group,
[16:17.03]but if you move a little bit further west,into West Africa,
[16:22.88]you'll start to come across chimpanzees.
[16:27.25]Now they're a bit smaller than gorillas;
[16:31.48]they spend a lot of time in the trees,whereas gorillas're down on the ground
[16:37.72]and chimpanzees are much more closely related to us
[16:43.18]than they are to gorillas
[16:46.52]They're our closest living relatives.
[16:50.96]Now chimps live in multimale groups;in other words you'll get,
[16:58.23]oh,anything up to six,seven,eight males,
[17:03.79]then you'll get two or three times that number of females,
[17:09.43]a dozen,two dozen females,plus all the youngsters,
[17:15.89]so we're talking about groups
[17:19.83]that can be as big as forty or fifty of even sixty.
[17:25.99]Now,a chimpanzee group--multimale group--
[17:30.85]is a very flexible type of group:
[17:35.29]it constantly splits into smaller groups,off they go for a few days,
[17:42.45]back they come,reform,break up again and within that group
[17:49.40]the males tend to hang around the outside,
[17:54.15]protecting the group,fighting off rival males that might want to come in
[18:00.50]and mate with the females,
[18:04.26]but they tend to come and go to some extent
[18:09.12]The on-going core of the chimpanzee group consists
[18:14.87]of females with their young,
[18:19.02]and sometimes sisters will actually work together
[18:25.27]to bring up their young collectively.
[18:29.73]Yes,so apes are very,very social animals indeed.
[18:36.87]Now you are going to hear the record a second time.
[18:42.04]You now have 100 seconds to check your answers to Questions 21--30. |