VOA常速英语2013--喝汽水多的孩子更具攻击性（在线收听）

喝汽水多的孩子更具攻击性

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health Report.

这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道。

A new study has found evidence of aggressive behavior in children who drink four or more servings of soft drinks every day. Information for the study came from the mothers of 3,000 5-year-olds.

一项新研究发现，有证据显示每天饮用4份以上软饮料的孩子容易有攻击性。这项研究的数据来自3000名5岁儿童的母亲。

Researchers asked the women to keep a record of how many servings of soft drinks their children drank over a two-month period. The women were also asked to complete a checklist of their children's behavior.

研究者请求妈妈们记录自己孩子在两个月内饮用软饮料的量，还要求她们完成有关孩子行为的检查表。

The researchers found that 43 percent of the boys and girls drank at least one daily serving of soda, 4 percent of the youngsters had four or more sodas to drink every day.

研究者发现，43%的男孩和女孩每天至少饮用两份汽水，4%的孩子每天饮用4份或更多汽水。

Shakira Suglia is with Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health in New York City. She worked on the study with researchers from the University of Vermont and Harvard University School of Public Health. She says they found that children who drank the most soda were more than two times as likely as those who drank no soda to show signs of aggression.

夏奇拉·苏利亚就职于纽约市哥伦比亚大学梅尒曼公共卫生学院，她与佛蒙特大学和哈佛大学公共卫生学院的研究者合作进行了这项研究。她说他们发现那些饮用苏打最多的孩子，其表现攻击性的可能是那些不饮用苏打的孩子的两倍。

"For the children who consumed four or more soft drinks per day, we see an association between aggressive behaviors, attention problems and withdrawn behaviors."

“对于那些每天饮用4份以上软饮料的孩子，我们看到攻击性行为、注意力问题和孤僻行为之间的关联。”

The aggressive behavior included destroying possessions belonging to others, taking part in fights and physically attacking people.

这些攻击性行为包括：毁坏他人的物品，打架斗殴，对他人发起人身攻击。

Shakira Suglia says the researchers identified the link after they considered socio-demographic factors like the child's age and sex. They also considered other possible influence, such as whether the boys and girls were eating sweets or giving fruit drinks on a normal day. In addition, the researchers examined parenting styles and other social conditions that might be taking place in the home.

夏奇拉·苏利亚说，在考虑了诸如孩子年龄和性别等社会人口因素后，他们发现了这个关联。他们还考虑了其他影响，比如这些男孩和女孩是否每天都吃甜食或饮用果饮。另外，研究者还调查了教养方式和其他可能发生在家中的社会条件。

Doctor Suglia says it's not clear why young children who drink a lot of soda have behavior problems.

苏利亚博士说，尚不清楚为何饮用大量汽水的孩子会有行为问题。

"We can't prove that this is a direct cause and effect relationship, having said that, there are a lot of ingredients in soda, a lot of ingredients that have not been examined in relation to behavior."

“我们不能证明两者之间存在直接的原因和结果关系，我们已经说过，汽水里含有许多成分，很多成分还没有得到检验，以研究其与行为的关系。”

A substance often found in soft drinks is caffeine, which helps to make people feel energized.

软饮料中常见的一种物质是咖啡因，这种物质能使人充满能量。

Doctor Suglia suggests that caffeine could be causing the 5-year-olds to be more aggressive. The research is part of a large study called the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, it follows 5,000 poor mothers and their children in 20 American cities.

苏利亚博士说，咖啡因可能会导致这些5岁孩子更具攻击性。该研究是名为“脆弱家庭和儿童健康研究”的大型研究的一部分，这项研究调查了20个美国城市里5000名贫困母亲和她们的孩子。

Earlier studies of young adults have found the highest sugar levels in those who carry weapons and show signs of negative social behaviors.

早先对年轻人的研究表明，那些带武器者的血糖水平最高，且显示消极的社会行为。

And that's the Health Report from VOA Learning English.

这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道。