VOA常速英语2013--意识形态和暴力阻止巴基斯坦根除脊髓灰质炎（在线收听）

Ideology, Violence Prevent Polio Eradication in Pakistan 意识形态和暴力阻止巴基斯坦根除脊髓灰质炎

ISLAMABAD — Pakistan is one of three countries left in the world where polio remains endemic, the other two being neighboring Afghanistan, and Nigeria. In Islamabad, with the help of the international community, the number of polio cases in Pakistan has dropped from 25,000 16 years ago, to just over 40 cases this year. But a Taliban ban on vaccinations and attacks on health workers mean that the highly infectious disease continues to spread.

伊斯兰堡——巴基斯坦是剩下的小儿麻痹症仍然流行的三个国家之一，其它两个是阿富汗和尼日利亚。在伊斯兰堡，在国际社会的帮助下，巴基斯坦的脊髓灰质炎病例数已从16年前的25,000下降到，今年刚刚超过40例。但塔利班禁止接种疫苗和对卫生工作者的攻击，意味着让这种传染性很强的疾病继续蔓延。

Crippled by polio when he was just six months old, Hasmatullah Niazi does not blame his mother. She was just 16 when he was born and did not know about the virus.

Now, health teams go door to door to educate the public and try to vaccinate all children against the crippling virus.

现在，卫生队挨家挨户要教育市民，并尝试给所有儿童接种脊髓灰质炎疫苗，应对这种导致瘫痪的病毒。 

But Taliban attacks, stretching from Peshawar in the north to Karachi in the south, have killed dozens of health workers and their police escorts.

但塔利班的袭击，从白沙瓦伸展到了卡拉奇的南部北部，杀害了数十名医务工作者和护送他们的警察。

As a result, some 260,000 children are still not vaccinated and the virus is spreading once again. Per Engebak, Polio Team Leader for UNICEF in Pakistan, said the security issue is preventing eradication. “If you have pockets in the country where you have the so-called reservoirs of the polio virus where they are in circulation in the sewage water or in the environment, these are transmission sites - into other parts of the country, and if you have contact, you will have transmission,” he noted.

其结果是，大约260,000名儿童仍处于未接种疫苗和病毒可能再次蔓延。在巴基斯坦的儿童基金会的脊髓灰质炎小组组长Per Engebak说，安全问题阻碍了根除脊髓灰质炎的行动。“如果您所在的国家有所谓的水库，脊髓灰质炎病毒可能存在循环的排污水或环境中，这些都是病毒的传输地点 - 到其它地区或者国家。”

For polio victim Niazi, the extremists' stance against vaccinations is tragic.

对脊髓灰质炎的受害者尼亚兹（Niazi）来说，极端分子反对接种疫苗的立场，是个悲剧。

“I think they are committing a crime, they are committing injustice to their children," accused Niazi, "God forbid if they are victim of polio, their own life will be like in hell, the life of the kids must be, but their own life."

“我认为他们犯了罪，对他们自己的孩子也不公正”，尼亚兹指责道，“上帝保佑，如果他们是脊髓灰质炎的受害者，自己的生活会像在地狱中。”

Taliban militants say immunizations are part of a Western anti-Muslim plot. The government is working with community and religious leaders to fight back against that belief.

塔利班武装分子说，接种疫苗是西方反穆斯林的阴谋的一部分。政府正在与社区和宗教领袖反击这种信念。 

Altaf Bosun of the Prime Minister’s polio eradication unit said the lack of accessibility into what he calls “problematic” areas has led to fresh outbreaks. “There is one choice - now I think there is no choice: polio eradication in Pakistan is must now," he said. "If anybody is deliberately sabotaging this one, then he or she is the enemy of the country, I can say this straightforward. We must be one against the polio eradication.”

根除脊髓灰质炎行动的阿尔塔夫.博斯说，很难进入所说的“问题”区域导致新的脊髓灰质炎爆发。“有一个选择 - 现在，我想是没有选择：巴基斯坦的根除脊髓灰质炎现在是必须的，”他说，“如果有人故意破坏，那么他或她是国家的敌人。我们必须根除脊髓灰质炎。”

For Niazi, whose muscles are getting weaker every day, it seems so obvious: if there is a remedy to the disease, use it. 

对于尼亚兹来说，每天，脊髓灰质炎让他的肌肉越来越弱，很明显的是：是否能有一种治疗疾病的方法？