VOA常速英语2014--Four Million Sudanese Face Food Insecurity 四百万苏丹人面临粮食是不足问题（在线收听）

Four Million Sudanese Face Food Insecurity 四百万苏丹人面临粮食是不足问题

Food insecurity in Sudan could affect as many as four million people in the coming months. The U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization blames conflict, displacement and poor harvests.

在苏丹粮食不足问题可能会在未来几个月影响到多达四百万的人。联合国安理会粮食及农业组织指责冲突、流离失所和歉收。

The FAO says currently there are 3.3-million food insecure people in Sudan. That figure is expected to rise by 700,000 due to a lack of availability and access to food.

粮农组织宣称，目前有330万苏丹人遭受粮食不足问题。由于缺乏廉价食物和食用食物，此数据预计将上升到70万。

Rosanne Marchesich, the agency’s representative in Sudan, said, “The numbers are quite astonishing.”

苏丹代理机构代表Rosanne Marchesich表示：“这个数据太惊人了。”

Sudan is facing – what she calls – an early lean season.

苏丹正面临的——正所谓她所说的——是一个青黄不接的淡季。

“When the harvest is finished and the amount of locally available food is diminished. That’s what the lean season is.”

“当丰收完成后，大量的本地实用性实物量却减少了，这就是所谓的淡季。”

Marchesich said food support is needed for millions of households in Sudan. The reasons are many.

Rosanne Marchesich表示：粮食援助需要数百万丹麦农户。理由有很多。

“We have the issue of conflict. You see that in the Blue Nile, [Southern] Kordofan [States] and especially in Darfur right now. And you see huge displacements. There were about 380,000 people displaced just in 2013. And in the new year, up until the figures of April 7th, we see an additional displacement of 280,000 people just in the Darfur region alone,” she said.

“我们存在冲突问题。看青尼罗河、南科尔多凡州，尤其是在现在的达尔富尔地区，你会看到巨额数量的流离失所者。仅仅2013年一年的时间，大约就有380万的人流离失所了。直到2014年4月7日的数据，我们了解到仅在达尔富尔地区流离失所的人就有28万，”Rosanne Marchesich说。

And livelihoods play a role, as well.

与此同时，民生也发挥着重要的作用。

“Lack of economic opportunities for the people, which results in conflict – [the] issue of natural resource management – conflict between farmers, agriculturalists and herders, for example. And then you also see drought and flood. So, it’s really a nation of human disaster and natural disaster – a combination of the two,” she said.

Rosanne Marchesich声称“由于人们缺乏经济机会，导致冲突——自然资源管理冲突——农民、农学家和牧工之间的冲突。例如：你正经历与干旱和洪水的冲突之间。因此，苏丹确实是一个人类灾难和自然灾害两者相结合的国家，”。

The lack of availability of food in many places in Sudan has caused food prices to jump.

在苏丹很多地方可食用的粮食短缺导致了食品价格上涨。

Marchesich said, “You can see an increase in food prices at about 84-percent for meat – 45-percent for sugar – 40 percent for vegetables – and 70 percent for transport, which is very much linked to access and availability of the food.”

Rosanne Marchesich表示，“在食品价格上涨方面，肉大约上涨84%——糖大约上涨45%——蔬菜大约上涨40%——运速大约上涨70%，这些都与能够获得的食物有密切的联系。

The conflict in South Sudan only adds to the situation, as refugees cross the border seeking safer haven.

由于南苏丹冲突形势上升，因此难民们穿过边境寻找安全的港湾。

“It is very, very important that we continue to provide the people and the host communities – and the returnees – and also those people in IDP camps – with seed so that they can plant. And many are leaving the camp and returning back to their homes. And they’re returning to nothing. So these people need to have seeds and tools so that they can plant and have a harvest,” she said.

”对我们来说，不断的向人民和当地社区——归国人员——尤其是那些在国内流离失所的人——提供他们会种植的作物是非常重要的。很多人离开了居住营地，回到了他们的家园。他们回到家园时一无所有，所以，这些人需要作物种子和耕作工具，以至于他们才会种植，才会拥有丰收，“Rosanne Marchesich声称道。

Besides thousands of metric tons of seed, the FAO official said nearly one-million farming tools need to be distributed.

粮农组织官员表明：除了上千吨种子外，近百万耕作工具需要分发。

What’s more, Sudanese herders need help, too.

更重要的是，苏丹人同样也需要帮助。

“We need to ensure that the herders’ livestock is vaccinated – that they are receiving fodder to keep their animals healthy. Because having livestock is not only a very important status symbol for the families, but it is a way of ensuring nutrition security, as well as food security, because it is a source of protein and its by-products, either through dairy or through eggs or through the meat that is consumed,” she said.

“我们需要确保牧民的牲畜是受过预防接种的——，他们正接收饲料，以保持动物的健康。因为拥有牲畜不仅仅是家人一个非常重要的地位的象征，而是确保和拥有食品安全一样的营养安全的一种方法，因为牲畜是蛋白质及其副产品的来源，也是通过奶或蛋或通过肉类消费的，”她说道。

More than 11-and-a-half million livestock would be vaccinated under the FAO plan. The U.N. agency said its interventions would cost $19-million. So far, donors have provided $7-million. So, animal vaccinations and farming tool distribution are far short of the target numbers.

在粮食组织的计划下，能够接种疫苗的牲畜超过160万。联合国代理机构表明：他们的干预可能会花费一亿九千美元。到目前为止，动物接种和耕作工具分发是远期的目标数量。