英伦广角 喝原料奶可能增加得病几率（在线收听）

Got bacteria? That’s the question du jour for people on both sides of the debate about raw milk. That’s milk which has not undergone pasteurization, the century-old process of using heat to kill potentially harmful bacteria.

有细菌?这是当今对原料奶争论不休的双方都大谈特谈的问题。原料奶即没有经巴氏杀菌处理过的牛奶。巴氏杀菌是一种拥有百年历史的利用高温杀死有害细菌的工艺。

\Thirty states allow consumers to buy raw milk. Proponents of raw milk contend that it provides health benefits and tastes better. Opponents note that more people are getting sick from bacteria in the raw milk. And the CDC recommends avoiding it. A new study finds that between 2010 and 2012, 5 percent of all U.S. food-borne outbreaks with a known source were tied to raw milk. An outbreak is defined as two or more cases of similar illness resulting from ingestion of the same food. The research is in the CDC journal Emerging Infectious Diseases.

美国有30个州允许消费者购买原料奶。原料奶支持者表示，它对健康有益而且味道更好。反对者则指出，越来越多的人因为原料奶中的细菌而生病。并且疾病预防控制中心也建议避免食用原料奶。一项新的研究发现，2010至2012年间，5%美国食源性疾病爆发与一个已知的源头——原料奶有关。因摄入相同食物导致两个或两个以上类似疾病即可定义为疾病爆发。这项研究刊发在美国疾病预防控制中心的《新发传染病》杂志上。

Microbes in raw milk—including salmonella, E. coli, campylobacter and Listeria—sparked an average of three outbreaks per year between 1993 and 2006. But the new study finds an average of 13 such outbreaks annually from 2007 through 2012.

原料奶中的微生物，包括沙门氏菌，大肠杆菌，空肠弯曲菌和李斯特菌，在1993至2006年间平均每年引发3起疾病爆发。但新的研究发现从2007年到2012年，平均每年爆发13起此类疫情。

During that time raw milk consumption resulted in 979 illnesses and 73 hospitalizations. And more than 80 percent of such cases occurred in states where selling raw milk is legal. So caveat emptor, let the buyer beware. And the drinker even more so.

那段时间原料奶消费导致979人患病，73人住院治疗。以上这种情况中超过80%发生在允许合法销售原料奶的州。所以一经售出概不负责，只能是买者自己当心了。当然，饮用者更是如此。