VOA慢速英语2018--研究表明服用阿司匹林或弊大于利（在线收听）

Study: For Some, Daily Aspirin May Do More Harm Than Good

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.

这里是VOA慢速英语健康生活报道。

Many people take aspirin to help ease pain in the head or muscles. But there is another use for this pain-relieving medicine. Aspirin is often used as a blood thinner since it costs less than other treatments.

许多人服用阿司匹林来缓解头部或肌肉的疼痛。但是这种镇痛药物还有另一种用途。阿司匹林通常被用作血液稀释剂，因为其成本比其他疗法低。

Some doctors advise patients who have suffered a heart attack, stroke or other heart problems to take a small amount of aspirin every day.

一些医生建议患有心脏病、中风或其他心脏问题的患者每天服用少量阿司匹林。

Doctor Holly Andersen is a heart specialist with the New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center in New York City.

霍利·安德森医生是纽约长老会医院威尔康奈尔医学中心的心脏病专家。

"It's clear that people who have had heart attacks, or most strokes, can benefit from taking a baby aspirin every day. It's very important. It reduces your future risk of stroke, heart attack and can make you live longer."

“很明显，心脏病患者或大多数中风患者每天服用少量阿司匹林有利于健康。这非常重要。阿司匹林可以减少患者未来中风和心脏病发作的风险，还可以延长寿命。”

Experts at the European Society of Cardiology agree.

欧洲心脏病学会的专家同意这种观点。

They wrote in a statement, “The benefit of aspirin for preventing a second heart attack or stroke is well established. Its use for preventing first events is controversial.” The experts go on to say that warnings against using aspirin come from an “increased risk of major bleeding.”

他们在声明中表示，“阿司匹林在预防第二次心脏病发作或中风方面的益处已经得到证实。而其在预防首次病发方面的作用则存在争议。”这些专家还说，警告患者不要服用阿司匹林是因为其可能“增加大出血的风险”。

Now, major research has tested whether aspirin can help to prevent a first-time heart problem. Results from two large studies found that it cannot.

主要研究已经对阿司匹林是否有助于预防首次心脏病发进行了测试。两项大型研究得出的结论是否定的。

Boston study

波士顿研究

A new American study involved more than 12,000 patients. They were all at moderate risk of a heart problem because of other issues, like high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol or smoking. These patients showed no improvement after taking aspirin.

美国一项新研究对超过1.2万名患者进行了调查。这些调查对象全是由于高血壓、高胆固醇和吸烟等其它健康问题而有中度心脏病风险的患者。这些患者在服用阿司匹林后没有任何改善。

Financing for this study came from the German drug company Bayer, which manufactures aspirin. Lead researcher J. Michael Gaziano spoke about the findings.

为这项研究提供资金的是德国制药企业拜耳，该公司生产阿司匹林。首席研究员J.迈克尔·加里亚诺谈到了这一研究。

"Risk that a person has, changes over time and some of that change is due to some of the things that we do like managing their risk factors and then taking care of them when they develop symptoms."

“人们面临的风险会随着时间而变化，有些变化是因为我们采取了措施，比如管理风险因素，并在出现症状时进行治疗。”

Dr. Gaziano works at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. A report on the study notes that he is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for the International Aspirin Foundation. On the group’s website, he states that he has received money from Bayer.

加里亚诺医生在马萨诸塞州波士顿的布里翰妇女医院工作。这项研究的报告指出，他是国际阿司匹林基金会科学顾问委员会委员。加里亚诺医生在该组织的官网上表示，他接受了拜耳公司提供的资金。

Oxford study

牛津研究

The other new aspirin-related study comes from the University of Oxford in Britain. It involved more than 15,000 adults with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes. Other than this condition, these men and women were generally in good health and had no history of heart disease.

另一项与阿司匹林有关的新研究由英国牛津大学进行。这项研究对超过1.5万名患有1型糖尿病和2型糖尿病的成年人进行了调查。除了患有糖尿病，这些调查对象基本上健康状况良好，没有心脏病史。

Researchers ordered the subjects to take either aspirin, fish oil, both aspirin and fish oil, or a placebo – a harmless substance -- every day.

研究人员让调查对象选择每天服用阿司匹林或鱼油，或是既服用阿司匹林又服用鱼油，或是服用安慰剂这种无害物质。

After 7 years, the aspirin users had fewer heart problems than the other subjects. But they also had more cases of serious internal bleeding. Researchers say these adults simply traded one risk for another.

7年半之后，阿司匹林服用者的心脏问题要少于其他调查对象。但是相比于其他调查对象，阿司匹林服用者出现严重内出血情况的更多。研究人员表示，可以说，这些成年人用一种风险交换了另一种风险。

The lead investigator was Jane Armitage of the University of Oxford.

这项研究的首席调查员是牛津大学的简·阿米蒂奇。

"We also saw almost a 30 percent increased risk in major bleeding. So, that was bleeding bad enough to get you into hospital. Mainly from the gut, or bleeding into the eye or brain and if it was in to the eye, it was bad enough to threaten your sight."

“我们还发现，大出血的风险增长了近30%。这种大出血严重到要进医院治疗。主要表现在肠道出血，或血液流入眼睛或大脑，如果流入眼睛，就会危及视力。”

Financing for this study came mainly from the British Heart Foundation. The findings were announced last week at the European Society of Cardiology Congress in Munich, Germany.

这项研究的资金主要由英国心脏基金会提供。研究结果于上周在德国慕尼黑举行的欧洲心脏病学会年会上发表。

At that meeting, Dr. Armitage was asked about the possible health risks of taking aspirin. She told the Associated Press, ‘‘If you’re healthy, it’s probably not worth taking it.’’

在那场年会上，阿米蒂奇被问及服用阿司匹林可能产生的健康风险。她对美联社记者表示，“如果你身体健康，那可能不必服用。”

Words in This Story

benefit – n. something that produces good or helpful results or effects or that promotes well-being

baby aspirin – medical n. A popular term for a type of aspirin that contains 81 mg or less of aspirin and is used to reduce blood clotting.

cardiology – n. the study of the heart and of diseases that affect the heart

controversial – adj. relating to or causing much discussion, disagreement, or argument : likely to produce controversy

manage – v. to keep (something) under your control

factor – n. something that helps produce or influence a result : one of the things that cause something to happen

symptom – n. a change in the body or mind which indicates that a disease is present

gut – n. the internal organs of an animal