2019年经济学人 一周要闻 优步亏损致股价暴跌 英国广告被禁播 Viacom与CBS合并（在线收听）

Boeing delivered just 19 planes in July, the least since the financial crisis. The company is holding more than 150 of its 737 max aircraft, which have been grounded after two fatal crashes. The ripples from the grounding continue to spread. Norwegian airline said it was ending flights from Ireland to America in part because of the “continued uncertainty” of the 737 max’s return to service. It is Norwegian’s first retreat from a transatlantic market it had entered assertively.

波音公司7月份只交付了19架飞机，是金融危机以来数量最少的一次。该公司拥有超过150架737 max飞机，这款机型在两起致命的坠机事故后已经停飞。停飞的影响继续扩散。挪威航空公司表示，将终止从爱尔兰飞往美国的航班，部分原因是737 max复飞的“持续不确定性”。这是挪威航空首次退出其果断进入的跨大西洋市场。

After years of on-off negotiations with a plot worthy of a soap opera, Viacom and CBS agreed to merge, reuniting two media companies that were split in 2006 and combining assets such as Paramount and MTV with one of America’s big four networks. Shari Redstone, whose family controls both companies, will become chairwoman of ViacomCBS.

经过数年断断续续的肥皂剧般的谈判，Viacom和哥伦比亚广播公司(CBS)终于同意合并，将两家2006年拆分的媒体公司重新合并，并将派拉蒙影业公司(Paramount)和MTV等资产与美国四大电视网之一合并。莎莉·雷德斯通(Shari Redstone)将成为ViacomCBS的董事长，这两家公司均归其家族所有。

Britain’s advertising authority banned two TV ads under new rules on gender stereotyping. One ad, for Volkswagen, depicted men being more adventurous than women. The other, for Philadelphia cream cheese, showed two men distracted by lunch neglecting their babies. Mondelez, the maker of Philadelphia, said it chose two dads “to deliberately avoid the typical stereotype” of two mothers. The regulator disagreed, ruling that “the men were portrayed as somewhat hapless” and that the “humour in the ad derived from the use of the gender stereotype”.

根据性别歧视的新规定，英国广告监管机构禁播了两则电视广告。其中一则是大众汽车的广告，描述了男性比女性更具冒险精神。另一则是Philadelphia软奶酪公司拍摄的广告显示，两名男子因分心而照顾孩子不周。该公司的制造商Mondelez公司解释称，他们选择一对父亲出演是“专门为了避免典型的（母亲育儿）刻板印象”。该监管机构不认可这一观点，裁定“这些男性被描绘得有些不幸”，并且“广告中的幽默也源自对性别的刻板印象”。

WeWork’s parent company filed documents for its eagerly awaited IPO, which might happen next month. The office rental firm is the latest in a string of high-profile startups to float on the stockmarket this year. Like many of its contemporaries, WeWork’s filing suggests it struggles to make a profit. In the first half of this year it recorded a $905m loss.

WeWork的母公司为其备受期待的首次公开上市提交了文件，上市可能会在下个月进行。这家办公室租赁公司是今年上市的一系列知名初创公司中的最新一家。与许多同时代公司一样，WeWork的文件显示，该公司难以盈利。今年上半年，该公司亏损9.05亿美元。

Uber’s share price fell by a fifth in the days after it revealed a $5.2bn quarterly loss. Most of that was because of share-based compensation paid to workers after Uber’s ipo, but even on its favoured measure of profitability it made a loss of $656m, more than in the same quarter last year. Dara Khosrowshahi, the chief executive, accepted that investors were frustrated with mounting losses, conceding that “There’s a meme around, which is, can Uber ever be profitable?”.

优步公布季度亏损52亿美元后，其股价在几天内下跌了五分之一。这主要是因为优步首次公开募股后向员工支付的基于股票的薪酬，但即便是基于优步青睐的盈利指标，该公司也亏损6.56亿美元，高于去年同期。优步首席执行官达拉·科斯罗沙希(Dara Khosrowshahi)承认，投资者对不断增加的亏损感到沮丧，并承认“大家都在迷茫，优步能够盈利吗?”