PBS高端访谈:欧洲是如何卷入美伊冲突的（在线收听）

JUDY WOODRUFF: And now to the day's other news. U.S.-Iran tensions are still running high, amid new military moves, but both sides are playing down a possible confrontation. Iran's President Hassan Rouhani insisted today that his nation will not wage war. U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said that sending more troops to the region is a deterrent, not an escalation. Foreign affairs correspondent Nick Schifrin takes it from there.

NICK SCHIFRIN: In Washington today, the U.S. and Europe's top diplomats presented a united front, but they are divide sharply on Iran. E.U. Foreign Affairs Chief Federica Mogherini's visit came less than 24 hours after that troop announcement, which Secretary of State Mike Pompeo described as strictly defensive.

MIKE POMPEO, U.S. Secretary of State: President Trump doesn't want war, and we will continue to communicate that message, while doing the things that are necessary to protect American interests in the region.

NICK SCHIFRIN: But while the administration's policy is maximum pressure, Mogherini on Monday urged maximum restraint.

FEDERICA MOGHERINI, Foreign Policy Chief, European Union: What we wouldn't like to see is a military escalation in the region. We think that would be extremely dangerous.

NICK SCHIFRIN: The U.S. blames Iran for the most recent escalation by attacking oil tankers in the Gulf of Oman. The military released these photos it says showing Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps sailors removing an unexploded Iranian mine from one of the tankers. In an interview with TIME magazine, President Trump called the attacks "very minor", but that he would "certainly go to war to prevent Iran from obtaining nuclear weapons".

DONALD TRUMP, President of the United States: This was a horrible one-sided deal.

NICK SCHIFRIN: In 2018, President Trump abandoned the deal limiting Iran's nuclear program. Today, U.S. sanctions have dramatically reduced Iranian oil exports and revenue. Under pressure economically, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani is publicly defiant.

HASSAN ROUHANI, Iranian President (through translator): Despite all of the Americans' efforts in the region and their desire to cut off our ties with all of the world and their desire to keep Iran secluded, they have been unsuccessful.

NICK SCHIFRIN: Iran vows to exceed caps imposed by the nuclear deal on enrichment and stockpiles if Europe can't deliver economic benefits. European diplomats, who met yesterday in Luxembourg, say they are caught between the U.S. pressure campaign and trying to pressure Iran to stay in the deal, as German Chancellor Angela Merkel said yesterday.

ANGELA MERKEL, German Chancellor (through translator): In regard to the nuclear deal, we are pushing Iran to abide by it. If that is not the case, there will, of course, be consequences.

NICK SCHIFRIN: But analysts say Europe will struggle to fulfill Iran's demands. And more U.S. troops will soon arrive in the region, as tensions continue to escalate. For the PBS NewsHour, I'm Nick Schifrin.

JUDY WOODRUFF: We will get perspectives on the Shanahan matter and on Iran from sides of the political aisle after the news summary.

朱迪·伍德拉夫：下面请听国际局势方面的新闻。美国伊朗剑拔弩张的态势持续升温，期间还夹杂着新的军事行动。不过，双方都在回避正面冲突。伊朗总统哈桑·鲁哈尼今天坚持表示，伊朗不会发动战争。美国国务卿迈克·蓬佩奥表示，增派军队到该地区是威慑，不是军事升级。下面请听我台外交事务记者尼克从前线发回的报道。

尼克：今天，在美国首都华盛顿，美国和欧洲多位高级外交官形成了联合阵线，不过，他们他们在伊朗问题上态度两极分化。欧盟外交事务高级代表费德丽卡·墨赫里尼到访美国，在此之前不到24小时的时间里，美国宣布了增派部队的消息。国务卿迈克·蓬佩奥称此举是正当防卫。

迈克·蓬佩奥，美国国务卿：特朗普总统不想发动战争，我们也会持续传达这一信息。但同时，我们也会采取必要措施保护美国在该地区的利益。

尼克：虽然特朗普政府的政策是极限施压，但墨赫里尼周一却极力主张最大限度的克制。

费德丽卡·墨赫里尼，欧盟外交事务高级代表：我们不愿看到该地区军事升级。我们认为军事升级会极度危险。

尼克：美国谴责伊朗最近军事升级的行为，因为伊朗袭击了阿曼湾的油轮。美国军队发布了几张照片，从照片上可以看到伊朗革命卫队的多名海员将一个尚未燃爆的伊朗水雷从其中一个油轮上拿下来。在接受《时代》杂志采访时，特朗普总统表示，此次袭击虽然“影响不大”，但“如果伊朗要获取核武器的话，特朗普一定会宣战的。”

唐纳德·特朗普，美国总统：这是糟糕的单边协议。

尼克：2018年，特朗普退出了伊朗核协议，该协议是用来限制伊朗核项目的。如今，美国对伊朗的制裁极大地缩减了伊朗的石油出口和收入。由于面临经济压力，所以伊朗总统哈桑·鲁哈尼在公开场合言辞并不客气。

哈桑·鲁哈尼，伊朗总统（所述内容为翻译版本）：虽然美国在各地区毫不死心，虽然美国意图切断我们与世界其他地方的联系，虽然美国意图让伊朗孤立无援，但美国并未得逞。

尼克：伊朗表示其会越过核协议中关于铀浓缩和储备量的上限规定，除非欧盟能为伊朗带来经济效益。欧盟的多位政治家昨天已在卢森堡会晤过，他们表示自己一方面受到美国的施压，另一方面又希望说服伊朗不退出核协议。这一点，昨天德国总理默克尔就曾表达过。

安吉拉·默克尔，德国总理（所述内容为翻译版本）：从核协议的角度考虑，我们正在敦促伊朗遵从核协议。如果不成功的话，后果会很严重。

尼克：不过，一些分析师表示，欧洲就算历尽艰难，也会尽力满足伊朗的要求。不久后，增派的美国军队将抵达该地区，使得该地区局势升级。感谢收听尼克发回的《新闻一小时》报道。

朱迪·伍德拉夫：新闻摘要过后，我们将从不同的政治角度了解有关美国代理防长夏纳翰和伊朗的消息。