PBS高端访谈:以色列和阿联酋关系正常化（在线收听）

JUDY WOODRUFF: Returning now to the deal between Israel and the United Arab Emirates to normalize relations, midwifed diplomatically by the Trump administration. There are many moving parts here. And our foreign affairs correspondent, Nick Schifrin, joins me now to walk us through it. So, Nick, how significant is this?

朱迪·伍德拉夫：现代回到关于以色列和阿联酋关系正常化的协议，它是特朗普政府助产下的产物。但还有许多工作要去处理，我们的外交事务记者尼克·希夫林现在和我一起为我们介绍一下。尼克，该协议有哪些意义？

NICK SCHIFRIN: Judy, one analyst call this a seismic shift. Another analyst told me this was inevitable. But the fact is that the UAE becomes only the third country to normalize relations with Israel. Israel and the UAE had already been growing closer because of a shared enemy, Iran. But if they had been working mostly under the table over the last few years, this basically removes the table. As one senior U.S. official put it to me today, that just because this isn't maybe a big surprise doesn't make it a big deal. And the U.S. and Israeli officials hope that it is an even bigger deal because it leads to more countries normalizing relations. A senior U.S. official told me he hopes it is a domino effect. U.S. and Israeli officials have been talking to Bahrain, Oman, hoping that at least one of them, Judy, joins the UAE at a signing ceremony at the White House next month.

尼克·希夫林：朱迪，一位分析师称之为地震性的转变。另一位分析师告诉我，这是不可避免的。但事实是，阿联酋成为第三个与以色列关系正常化的国家。由于共同的敌人伊朗，以色列和阿联酋的关系已经越来越密切。但是如果说他们过去几年都是在桌下面互动，那么这次是把桌子移走。正如一位美国高级官员今天对我说的那样，仅仅因为这不是什么大惊喜，也不是什么大事。美国和以色列官员希望这是一个更大的协议，因为这将导致更多国家实现关系正常化。一位美国高级官员告诉我，他希望这是多米诺骨牌效应。美国和以色列官员一直在与巴林、阿曼谈判，希望其中至少有一人，朱迪，下个月在白宫举行的签字仪式上加入阿联酋阵营。

JUDY WOODRUFF: So, Nick, what changes on the ground right now in Israel and in the UAE?

朱迪·伍德拉夫：那么，尼克，现在以色列和阿联酋的情况有什么变化？

NICK SCHIFRIN: The two countries will open embassies. And that means there will be an Israeli embassy across the Persian Gulf from Iran. They will sign bilateral deals over trade, technology, business. There will be Emirati investment into an Israeli vaccine on COVID. And they will be direct flights between the UAE and Israel. Israel hopes that those changes are permanent. But what is not permanent, Judy, is the deal over annexation. Bibi Netanyahu today was very specific. He said that annexation was not off the table. U.S. Ambassador to Israel David Friedman just a few minutes ago repeated that same language, saying that Israel did not have to take annexation off the table permanently, even though the Emirates today said that the annexation of occupied West Bank had been "stopped." Judy, behind the scenes, U.S. officials tell me that Jared Kushner had already been pushing Israel not to annex some of the occupied West Bank in order to make sure that today's deal wouldn't be blocked.

尼克·席夫林：两国将开设大使馆。这意味着在波斯湾和伊朗之间将会有一个以色列大使馆。他们将签署有关贸易、技术、商业的双边协议。阿联酋将投资以色列的新冠疫苗。阿联酋和以色列之间的直飞航班将开通。以色列希望这些变化是永久性的。但是，朱迪，不是永久性的，是关于兼并的协议。内塔尼亚胡今天的讲话非常具体。他说兼并并不是不可能的。几分钟前，美国驻以色列大使大卫·弗里德曼重复了同样的话，他说以色列无需永远不谈论兼并。尽管阿联酋今天表示，对被占领的约旦河西岸的吞并已经“停止”朱迪，在谈判桌下，美国官员告诉我，贾里德·库什纳已经在敦促以色列不要吞并一些被占领的约旦河西岸地区，为了确保今天的协议不会受阻。

JUDY WOODRUFF: And, finally, Nick, we see the Palestinians critical of this. What are they saying about it?

朱迪·伍德拉夫：最后，尼克，我们看到巴勒斯坦人对此持批评态度。他们在说什么？

NICK SCHIFRIN: Palestinians are expressing a sense of abandonment. Emirati leaders' relationship with the Palestinian Authority was already very strained. But this is exactly what the Palestinians feared, an Arab country normalizing with Israel, despite steps, despite policies that the Palestinians opposed, the U.S. moving the embassy to Jerusalem, the U.S. endorsing the annexation of the Golan Heights, and cutting off funds to the U.N. Palestinian Refugee Agency. Israeli officials hope that this isolates Palestinian officials, convinces them to make a deal. But the sentiment among Palestinians is really expressed by a tweet tonight from Hanan Ashrawi, a longtime Palestinian senior official. She is quoted, saying: May you never be sold out by your friends, Judy.

尼克·席夫林：巴勒斯坦人正在表达一种被遗弃的感觉。阿联酋领导人与巴勒斯坦权力机构的关系已经非常紧张。但这正是巴勒斯坦人所担心的，一个与以色列实现正常化的阿拉伯国家，尽管采取了一些措施，尽管有巴勒斯坦人反对的政策，美国把大使馆迁到耶路撒冷，美国支持吞并戈兰高地，切断联合国巴勒斯坦难民署的资金。以色列官员希望这能孤立巴勒斯坦官员，说服他们达成协议，但今晚哈南·阿什拉维在推特上的一条推文，确实表达了巴勒斯坦人的情绪，她是一名长期担任巴勒斯坦高级官员。她说：朱迪，愿你永远不会被你的朋友出卖。

JUDY WOODRUFF: All right, Nick Schifrin reporting on all this for us. Thank you, Nick.

朱迪·伍德拉夫：好吧，尼克·席夫林为我们报道这一切。谢谢你，尼克。