英国新闻听力 科学家发现超重元素112（在线收听）

Coming up. The World Health Organization is reported to have decided that the outbreak of swine flu is now a global pandemic.

A Bosnian TV station has broadcast what it says is recent footage of Ratko Mladic, the Bosnian Serb war crime suspect who’s been on the run for well over a decade. Also in the podcast:

“It’s an element which probably only about ten atoms of which have ever been detected. So it’s not something that you can get in the bottle.” Scientists have discovered a new element, known as super-heavy element 112, our chemistry lesson begins later.

But first, Sweden says the World Health Organization has decided to declare the swine flu outbreak a global pandemic. An announcement by the WHO is expected shortly once all member countries have been told. It follows a sharp rise in the number of cases, to 28,000 in 74 countries resulting in 141 fatalities. The virus is also now showing sustained growth in at least two regions--North America and Australasia. The transmission of the virus meets the WHO’s technical definition of a Phase Six outbreak, the highest possible. However, that doesn’t mean a repeat of the Spanish flu outbreak of 1918 is on the cards when millions died. A WHO spokesman Peter Cordingley said the implications of a pandemic declaration would vary for different countries. But no one should panic.

“We’re anxious that governments understand that when they hear the word—Phase Six pandemic—they do not overreact. Some countries have no cases at all. And all they will continue to do under advice is to continue to be, to be vigilant to watch out for cases. Other places would be heading very soon into a very serious situation. And they may have to look at things, such as no more big public meetings, no more soccer matches perhaps for a while, closing schools, that kind of thing.”

A short time ago, Oliver Conway spoke to the BBC’s image folks in Geneva where the WHO is based. So the Swedish government says the World Health Organization has decided to declare a global flu pandemic, but no official announcement yet.

"Not yet, no but in fact, the decision to raise the pandemic level to Phase Six is one that we've all been expecting here as you said in your introduction. The way swine flu is spreading meets the WHO’s somewhat rigid guidelines for what constitutes a pandemic. And I suspect, you know, the reason we’re hearing this from Sweden is what’s actually happening at the moment is, the WHO’s Emergency Committee has met. It’s decided what’s its announcement will be. Protocol has it that all 193 member states of the WHO have to be informed, their Health Ministers have to be informed. So that’s what’s going on. After that, we in the media, we will be informed, but obviously, the Swedish Health Minister has his news and has let us know about it."

And once all those countries have been told what sort of measures will they have to take now that the WHO is looking at the Phase Six outbreak.

"Well, this is a very interesting point because they will not be global uniform measures. What the WHO wants countries to do is look very carefully at how swine flu is operating in their own countries, and you know, a case like the United States, for example, where there are now thousands of cases. The WHO believes there the containment is pretty pointless. And there needs to be instead of very careful medical management, cases need to be identified and treated accordingly. But in countries where they perhaps, well here in Switzerland, we think we have 19 cases. Here, one would expect if a case of swine flu was found in a school, then that school would perhaps be closed at least temporarily. But where it’s really spreading rapidly, that’s a different matter."

Now it’s spreading fast but there haven’t been huge numbers of deaths yet, is the virus progressing as expected?

现在开始新闻。据报道，世界卫生组织宣布猪流感的爆发已发展到全球范围大流行。

一家波斯尼亚电视台报道了Ratko Mladic最新踪迹，Ratko Mladic是波斯尼亚塞尔维亚战犯嫌疑人，已经在潜逃十年以上。播客中还写道：

“根据探测，这种元素只有大约10个原子，锁业这不是你可以从瓶子中得到的东西。”科学家发现了一种新元素，超重元素112，化学课本元素周期表将改写。

但是首先，瑞典称，世卫组织将宣布猪流感全球大流行。预期，在世卫组织通知所有成员国之后将发布公告。目前，甲型流感病例急剧增加，已有74个国家报告总计28,000个病例，其中141个死亡病例。该病毒已经在至少两个区域表现出持续性增长——北美和澳大利亚。该病毒的传播已经符合世卫组织流感预警机制的最高级，第六级。然而，这并不意味着1918年造成数百万人死亡的西班牙流感暴发会再次出现。世卫组织发言人Peter Cordingley称，各国宣布大规模流行的标准有所不同。但是完全不需要恐慌。

“我们急切盼望当各国政府听到六级大流行时能够理解，不要反应过度。有些国家完全没有感染病例。他们所要做的只是保持警惕，密切观察病例。其他地方可能会很快面临非常严重的形势。可能在一段时间之内不再有大型公众聚会，足球比赛，甚至关闭学校等等。”

不久之前，Oliver Conway在世卫组织所在地日内瓦与BBC记者交谈。所以，瑞典政府称世卫组织将宣布流感全球大流行，但是目前很没有正式公告。

“现在还没有公布，不过实际上，我们正决定将流感预警提升至六级，就像你们在介绍中说的一样。流感病毒的传播方式符合世卫组织对大流行有点刻板的规定。你知道，我怀疑，我们从瑞典听到这个消息的原因是，现在正在发生的事情是，世卫组织紧急情况委员会正在召开会议，这将决定世卫组织将会做出怎样的公告。协议规定，世卫组织必须通知所有193个成员国及他们的卫生部长。所以这就是现在发生的事情。随后，媒体会收到通知。但是，很明显，瑞典卫生部长已经收到通知，并且已经告诉了我们。”

那么，如果世卫组织已经将预警提升到六级，所有国家都被通知之后，将采取何种措施来应对呢？

“这是一个有趣的问题，因为，这并不是全球统一的措施。世卫组织需要各国政府做的是，密切关注猪流感在各自国家的传播，你知道，其中一个列子就是美国，他们已有几千个病例。世卫组织称，进行限制是徒劳的。必须进行认真的医疗管理，诊断病例，采取相应治疗。但是在有点国家，比如说在瑞士，我们可能有19个病例。有人可能会认为，如果在学校发现了猪流感病例，学校会被暂时关闭。但是在那些流感传播非常迅速的地方，情况是完全不同的。”

现在，流感病毒的传播是非常迅速，但是还没有造成大量的死亡，病毒会像预期的那样发展吗？