英国新闻听力 美国以网络自由名义巩固网络霸权（在线收听）

Nigeria's acting President Goodluck Jonathan has sacked the country's National Security Adviser in the wake of ethnic violence that left hundreds dead at the weekend. The announcement was made after a special security meeting in the capital Abuja. Earlier, police said they had restored order to three villages in the center of the country where the violence occurred. Here is Caroline Duffield.

Nigeria's acting President Goodluck Jonathan was closeted in a meeting with security officials all afternoon. It broke up, and it was confirmed that the powerful National Security Adviser had been sacked. Abdullahi Muktar Sarki is replaced with Aliyu Gusau, a retired general. It comes amid the ongoing security crisis in Plateau State. Hundreds of corpses are still being counted and buried after areas, south of Jos town, returned to furious bloodletting at the weekend.

The United States has eased sanctions on Iran, Sudan and Cuba in an effort to increase the use of the Internet and social networking sites there. The new regulations will authorize the export of web-based services including instant messaging. Kim Ghattas reports.

Internet freedom is fast becoming a principle of American foreign policy. The Treasury Department said that its decision to lift the ban on export of Internet software and services would make it easier for people in Iran, Sudan and Cuba to use the Internet and communicate with each other as well as the outside world. The statement added this would allow people in those countries to exercise their most basic rights. The technology will likely be bought by small businesses, and some of it will help circumvent government restrictions of the use of programs like Twitter and even Internet-based email accounts.

The Ugandan government says it'll have to relocate around half a million people living in mountainous areas because of the danger of mudslides. Hundreds of people are thought to have been killed last week by a huge mudslide on the slopes of Mount Elgon, in the east of the country. Here is Will Ross.

The State Minister for Disaster Preparedness Musa Ecweru told the BBC the government had no other choice than to relocate 300,000 people living on the slopes of Mount Elgon in eastern Uganda, as well as 200,000 people from the Ruwenzori Mountains and Kigezi region, in the west of the country. Mr Ecweru admitted that people would be reluctant to move from their ancestral homes, and he said that it would be a major challenge to find suitable land for them.

The German Justice Minister has described Vatican confidentiality rules as a wall of silence. She was outlining progress in prosecutors' inquiries into alleged child sexual abuse by Roman Catholic clergy. Investigations are now underway in 18 of the Catholic Church's 27 dioceses in Germany. The Minister was referring to a Vatican confidentiality rule which requires all allegations to be first investigated by the Church itself.

President Obama has strongly criticized health insurance companies in a renewed push for the passage of his stalled health care reforms. In a speech in Philadelphia, he said insurance companies were denying coverage to some and raising premiums for others in a bid to maximize their profits. The White House wants the House of Representatives to vote on the bill in two weeks’ time.

The European Union's Human Rights watchdog has said that Britain's forthcoming general election will be in breach of human rights because prisoners aren't allowed to vote. The Committee of Foreign Ministers said it was seriously concerned by the British government's failure to apply an EU ruling that banning prisoners from voting was illegal. The Committee said it would consider the issue again in June, which would most likely be after the British election.

Scientists think they found a species of tiny wood-eating marine crustaceans that could help them develop new bio-fuels. They say the creatures called gribble have a unique digestive system that can turn wood into sugar. With more details, here is our environment reporter Matt Mcgrath.

The wood-boring gribble have long been the bane of sailors' lives, causing large amounts of damage to boats and piers. But researchers at two British universities say the creatures' unique abilities to digest the apparently indigestible could be very useful in converting wood and straw into liquid bio-fuels. Enzymes found in the stomachs of gribble are able to turn the cellulose and lignin in wood into sugars. The scientists hope to be able to decode the genes that make these enzymes, and then produce them on an industrial scale. Sugars could then be fermented to produce alcohol for fuel.

State media in Cuba has accused a dissident journalist of blackmail, 12 days after he began refusing food in protest against the treatment of political prisoners. In its first reference to the hunger strike, the Communist Party daily Granma accused the journalist Guillermo Farinas of being an American agent.

周末，尼日利亚发生种族暴力，造成数百人死亡，之后，代理总统古德卢克·乔纳森(Goodluck Jonathan)解雇了国家安全顾问。首都阿布贾召开特别安全会议之后宣布了该决定。此前，警方宣布已经在发生暴力的该国中部三个村庄重建了秩序。Caroline Duffield报道。

整个下午，尼日利亚代理总统古德卢克·乔纳森(Goodluck Jonathan)都在与安全官员召开会议。现在已经证实权利强大的国家安全顾问被解雇。Abdullahi Muktar Sarki的职位被退休的将军Aliyu Gusau接替。此事发生在高原州持续的安全危机期间。周末，乔斯城南部地区再次发生暴力流血事件，造成数百人死亡，目前，尸体正在清点和埋葬的过程中。

美国缓解了对伊朗，苏丹和古巴的制裁，试图增加这些地区互联网和社交网络的应用。新的规定将允许出口基于网络的服务，包括即时信息。Kim Ghattas报道。

网络自由已经迅速发展为美国的外交政策方针。财政部表示，解除对互联网软件和服务的出口禁令的决定将使伊朗，苏丹和古巴人民使用互联网进行沟通，以及与外界联系更加便捷。该声明补充称，这将使这些国家的人民享受最基本的权利。这些技术可以由小型企业购买，其中一些将绕过政府对Twitter，甚至电子邮件账户使用的限制。

乌干达政府表示，由于泥石流的危险，政府必须重新安置居住在山区的大约50万民众。上周，由于该国东部艾尔贡山(Mount Elgon)发生泥石流，数百人遇难。Will Ross报道。

国家灾难防备部长Musa Ecweru告诉BBC，政府必须重新安置居住在乌干达东部艾尔贡山(Mount Elgon)山坡的大约300,000人，以及西部鲁文佐里山脉(Ruwenzori)和基杰奇(Kigezi)地区的200,000人，此外别无选择。Ecweru承认，民众肯定不情愿从自己的故土迁走，而且为他们寻找一个合适的安家之所也是一个巨大的挑战。

德国司法部长称梵蒂冈的保密条例就像一堵寂静的高墙。她指出，检察官对罗马天主教牧师虐童事件的调查已经取得了进展。现在，对德国18个天主教堂的27个主教区的调查工作已经展开。这位部长指的是梵蒂冈的保密条例，要求相关指控只能首先由教堂自己调查。

在最新推停滞不前的医疗改革的过程中，奥巴马总统对医疗保险公司提出了强烈谴责。在费城发表讲话时，他说，医疗保险公司拒绝对一些人进行赔付，并为了实现利益最大化而提高了一些人的保险费用。白宫希望众议院能够在两周之内进行投票。

欧盟人权机构表示，英国即将进行的大选违反了人权，因为监狱囚犯不允许进行投票。外交部长委员会表示，欧盟裁决禁止囚犯投票是非法的，他们对英国政府不遵守该条例表示出深切的担忧。该委员会表示将在六月份再次考虑这个问题，最有可能在英国大选结束之后。

科学家认为，他们发现了一种食用木头的微型海洋甲壳类生物物种，可以帮助他们研制新的生物燃料。他们表示，这种生物叫做吃木虫，他们拥有非常独特的消化系统，可以将木头转化为糖。我们的环境记者Matt Mcgrath报道更详细信息。

长期以来，食用木头的吃木虫一直是水手生命的祸根，对船只和支柱造成大量损害。但是英国两所大学的研究人员表示，这种生物独特的消化能力在将木头和稻草转化为液态生物燃料方面非常有用。在吃木虫的胃中发现的酶可以将木料中的纤维素和木质素转化为糖。科学家希望能够给制造这种酶的基因编码，然后进行工业化生产。然后，这些糖可以用来生产燃料用酒精。

古巴国家媒体指责一名意见不同的记者讹诈，12天之前，他曾经绝食抗议对政治犯提供治疗。在首次提到绝食抗议时，古巴共产党机关报纸《格拉玛》(Granma)指控记者Guillermo Farinas是美国间谍。