时代周刊:力挽狂澜(4)（在线收听）

Even greater "catastrophic multi species die-offs" could begin within the decade, Trisos predicts,

据特里索斯预测，未来十年之内就可能爆发规模更大的“多物种的灾难性灭绝”，

starting with tropical oceans and spreading to tropical forests and temperate ecosystems by the 2050s.

首当其冲的便是热带海洋，到50年代将会蔓延至热带森林和温带生态系统。

Coastal nations would be first and hardest hit,

沿海国家将成为最先受到冲击，冲击也最为严重的地区，

with devastating consequences for the billions of people who depend on these ecosystems for their livelihoods and nutrition.

届时，依赖这些生态系统生存发展的数十亿人都将面临毁灭性的打击。

"We fish on coral reefs.

“我们要在珊瑚礁上捕鱼。

We depend on ecotourism.

生态旅游也是我们的重要经济来源。

We rely on healthy (kelp) forests for carbon storage and water filtration," Trisos says.

我们还要依靠健康的（海藻）森林来储存碳以及过滤水，”特里索斯说。

"If there is a sudden collapse of these ecosystems in a single decade, we could lose these services.

“如果十年之内，这些生态系统就要突然崩溃了，那我们可能就要失去这些服务了。

Income is at risk. Food security is at risk."

我们的收入也就悬了。粮食安全也悬了。”

But there are ways of preserving the ecosystems many nations depend upon.

不过，我们依然有办法保护这些许多国家赖以生存的生态系统。

Spanish-American marine ecologist and conservationist Enric Sala has spent the past 12 years

过去12年，西班牙裔美国海洋生态学家，自然资源保护者恩里克·萨拉

surveying and documenting the ocean's last wilderness areas as a National Geographic explorer in residence.

一直在以《国家地理》常驻探险家的身份调查、记录海洋最后的荒野。

Through his Pristine Seas project,

通过“原始海洋计划”，

he has rallied governments to set aside 5.7 million sq km of coastline and ocean

他已经召集多国政府划出570万平方公里的海岸线和海洋，

as marine parks where fishing, dumping, mining and other destructive industries are prohibited.

将其打造成禁止捕捞、倾倒、采矿等破坏性行业的海洋公园。

The results, he says, have been astonishing.

其结果，他表示，堪称惊艳。

Even over a short time frame,

即便项目启动的时间并不长，

he has watched depleted fish populations grow six-fold, kelp flourish and coral reefs bloom.

他就已目睹了原本已近枯竭的鱼群数目壮大了6倍之多，海藻和珊瑚礁也都已焕发出蓬勃的生机。

Given the chance, he says, the ocean has an extraordinary ability to regenerate.

只要给了机会，他说，海洋就会展现出非凡的再生能力。

"I have seen miracles on the water.

“我在水上看到了奇迹。

The ocean is sending us a very clear message:

海洋在向我们传递一个非常明确的信息：

if you just give me some space, look what I can do."

只要你给我一定的空间，我有多大能耐你就等着瞧及好了。”

So far, says Sala, only 2.5% of the ocean enjoys the full protection it needs to do so.

到目前为止，萨拉说，只有2.5%的海洋享受到了其施展拳脚所需的所有保护。

He has backed a global call to set aside a third of the ocean in similarly protected areas by 2030.

他推动了一项全球行动呼吁，呼吁国际社会在2030年之前，划出1/3的海洋进行同样的保护。

These marine protected areas aren't just about turning back the clock.

这些海洋保护区不仅仅是为了让时光倒流。

They are a bulwark against future stresses,

它们还是抵御未来环境压力的堡垒，

a kind of immunity booster for the sea that enables it to deal with threats like acidification and plastic pollution.

是增强海洋免疫力，使其能够应对酸化和塑料污染等威胁的强心剂。

"Not only is it necessary from a perspective of trying to undo some of the harm that we have done to the ocean over time," says Roberts,

“这一举措不仅从试图消除我们日积月累地对海洋造成的伤害的角度来看是必要的，”罗伯茨说，

"but it's absolutely vital that we give it the resilience it needs to cope with what's coming down the pike."

“而且，从增强海洋的韧性，使其能够应对未来可能出现的问题的角度来看，这一举措也是至关重要的。”