美国国家公共电台 NPR Facebook宣布将特朗普的账号暂停两年至2023年（在线收听）

Facebook suspended Donald Trump after his supporters attacked the U.S. Capitol on January 6.

唐纳德·特朗普的支持者在1月6日袭击美国国会大厦后，脸谱网暂停了特朗普的账户。

Now Facebook's rolling out new rules for all politicians and says under those rules, Trump can't come back for at least two years.

脸谱网出台适用于所有政治家的新规，并表示根据这些规定，特朗普至少两年不能重返脸谱网。

We're imposing the most serious penalty because of the gravity of what happened in early January.

由于1月初所发生事件的严重性，我们将处以最严厉的惩罚。

Nick Clegg, Facebook's head of global affairs, explaining that decision on a Brookings Institution podcast.

尼克·克莱格是脸谱网全球事务主管，他在布鲁金斯学会的播客上解释了这项决定。

NPR tech correspondent Shannon Bond joins us. And we will note Facebook is among NPR's financial supporters. Shannon, thanks for being with us.

NPR新闻的科技记者香农·邦德将和我们连线。我们要指出，脸谱网是NPR新闻的金融支持者之一。香农，谢谢你和我们连线。

Good morning, Scott.

早上好，斯科特。

Help us understand the timing here. Why are we hearing once again from Facebook about Donald Trump?

请帮助我们理解一下时间点。为何我们再次从脸谱网听到唐纳德·特朗普的消息？

Well, back in January, when Facebook and other social networks kicked Trump off, Facebook said it was an indefinite suspension.

1月份脸谱网和其他社交网络封禁特朗普时，脸谱网就表示这是无限期暂停。

But then it asked its new oversight board to weigh in.

但随后该公司要求新的监督委员会参与进来。

So this is a group of outside experts that Facebook has created to review its toughest decisions.

这是一个由外部专家组成的小组，脸谱网成立这个小组是为了审查其最艰难的决定。

And last month, the board said, you know, indefinite suspension — that's just not a fair penalty. It's not in Facebook's rulebook.

上个月，董事会表示，无限期暂停特朗普的账户——这不是公平的处罚。这不在脸谱网的规则手册里。

It's not something the company has ever done before with a political leader.

该公司以前从未对政治领袖进行过这种处罚。

The board said Facebook needs to set clear rules and a time frame for a suspension like this.

董事会表示，脸谱网需要为这种暂停处罚制定明确的规则和时限。

So now Facebook has rolled out this new set of rules, and it's applying them for the first time to Trump.

因此，现在脸谱网推出了这套新规则，并首次将其应用到特朗普身上。

And two years — what's the logic of two years?

两年，为何是两年？

Well, that's the maximum penalty laid out under these new rules, although Facebook has not explained why it landed on two years precisely as that upper limit.

这是这些新规则规定的最高处罚，尽管脸谱网没有解释为何将两年设为上限。

Now, these new rules, they're specifically about what Facebook should do when public figures — you know, people who have lots of followers, lots of influence — violate its policies during times of civil unrest and violence, really sort of extraordinary circumstances, like we saw on January 6.

这些新规明确规定，如果拥有大量关注者和重大影响力的公众人物在内乱和暴力期间——比如1月6日那种特殊情况下——违反脸谱网的政策，脸谱网应该采取的措施。

Now, in Trump's case, Facebook starts counting that two-year penalty from January, when he was first suspended.

现在，就特朗普而言，脸谱网从1月开始计算他的两年处罚，当时他首次被封禁。

When we get to January 2023, it's not just going to automatically let him back on.

到2023年1月时，特朗普的处罚不会自动解除。

Facebook says it'll consider whether there's still a serious risk to public safety.

脸谱网表示，届时其将考虑是否仍然存在严重的公共安全风险。

And then, if he does come back, he will face stricter penalties up to the possibility of a permanent ban if he keeps breaking the rules.

之后，如果他重返脸谱网，但再次违反这些规定，他将面临更严厉的处罚，可能会被永久封禁。

Does this decision also have, I guess, some implied meaning for other political leaders and public figures who are on Facebook?

我在想，这个决定对其他政治领导人和脸谱网上的公众人物也有暗示意义吗？

Yeah. I mean, just creating these new rules, that's a big change in how Facebook treats political leaders.

没错。制定这些新规则，说明脸谱网对待政治领导人的方式发生了很大变化。

Mark Zuckerberg, the CEO, has long said political speech is already highly scrutinized.

脸谱网首席执行官马克·扎克伯格长期以来一直表示，政治演讲已经受到高度审查。

Now Facebook has announced another big change. It's not going to presume political speech is newsworthy and, therefore, exempt from its rules.

现在，脸谱网宣布了另一个重大变化。该公司不会假定政治演说具有新闻价值，继而可以不受其规则的约束。

That was a policy it had in place since 2019. So it'll be holding all politicians to largely the same rules as any other user on Facebook.

这是脸谱网2019年后出台的一项政策。这项政策将要求所有政治人物遵守与脸谱网上任何其他用户基本相同的规则。

What kind of reactions so far?

目前外界对此有何反应？

Well, we've heard from Trump. He's criticized Facebook, saying this is an insult to his supporters.

特朗普作出了回应。他指责了脸谱网，称这是对其支持者的侮辱。

But others, including civil rights and watchdog groups, are not happy either. They want to see Trump permanently banned like he was from Twitter.

但其他人，包括民权组织和监察组织，对此也不满意。他们希望脸谱网能像推特一下永久封禁特朗普。

And they say these new policies, they create more questions than they answer, like how Facebook will handle other political leaders.

他们表示，这些新政策产生的问题比解决的问题还多，比如脸谱网如何处理其他政治领导人。

People like Narendra Modi in India, Jair Bolsonaro in Brazil — they've really pushed the boundaries on social media, on Facebook.

印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪、巴西总统雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗等领导人，在脸谱网等社交媒体上的言论其实都有越界。

But unlike Trump, they are still allowed on Facebook.

但与特朗普不同的是，他们仍然可以使用脸谱网。

NPR tech correspondent Shannon Bond. Shannon, thanks so much for being with us.

以上是NPR新闻的科技记者香农·邦德带来的报道。香农，非常谢谢你。

Thanks, Scott.

谢谢你，斯科特。