VOA慢速英语2017 特朗普：或改变外国援助项目

With a new U.S. president coming Friday, changes in foreign policies and aid will likely follow. What those changes will be are not yet fully¹ known.

随着星期五新美国总统的上任，外交政策和援助政策可能会随之有所变动。将会有什么变动尚未完全知道。

But overseas aid will come under question from a president and a secretary of state known to follow the bottom line as businessmen. In business, the bottom line is a company's profit, or loss.

但海外援助隐藏着一个总统和国务卿要考虑的问题，那就是商人的底线。商业的底线是公司的利润或损失。

Rex Tillerson is the Secretary of State nominee². In his confirmation³ hearing, U.S. Senators asked the former head of Exxon-Mobil how to prevent U.S. assistance from being stolen by corrupt⁴ foreign countries. He said:

雷克斯·蒂勒森是国务卿的提名人。在他的确认听证会上，美国参议员问这位前埃克森美孚公司的负责人将如何防止美国的援助被腐败的外国盗窃。他说：

"If we're going to deliver aid into a country where we know this is a risk, what can we do in the execution of the delivery of that aid?"

“如果我们要向一个我们知道它存在风险的国家提供援助，我们在执行援助的过程中要怎么规避风险？”

It is likely that President-elect Donald Trump⁵ and his administration will be giving foreign aid to countries to improve property rights, the rule of law, and to fight corruption⁶.

当选总统唐纳德·特朗普及其行政当局可能会向外国提供援助，以改善产权、法治和打击腐败。

James Roberts is with the Heritage Foundation in Washington, D.C.

詹姆斯·罗伯茨在华盛顿传统基金会工作。

"Too much of the foreign aid given by the Western countries -- U.S., OECD countries -- has ended up only securing in power corrupt regimes."

“美国、经合组织国家等西方国家提供太多的援助最终只能使得政权变得腐败。”

Republicans now control the White House and both houses of Congress. This means that some programs opposed by religious conservatives could face review, and maybe be cut, or completely ended.

共和党现在控制着白宫和国会两院。这意味着一些宗教保守派反对的计划可能面临审查、可能会被改动或完全否定。

Amanda Glassman is with the Center for Global Development in Washington, D.C.

阿曼达·格拉斯曼在华盛顿的全球发展中心工作。

"Certainly there are worries, especially in areas of family planning and reproductive health, especially in the areas of HIV-AIDS prevention and treatment."

“当然会有担忧，特别是在计划生育和生殖健康领域，特别是在艾滋病预防和治疗领域。”

The United States is the biggest global donor⁷. And John Kerry, the outgoing secretary of state, says the U.S. needs to do even more than the current spending of $34 billion for this year.

美国是全球最大的捐助者。即将卸任的国务秘书约翰·克里表示，美国需要捐赠的金额在今年340亿美元之上。

Kerry is calling for a new “Marshall Plan” like the one that helped rebuild Europe after World War Two. He wants the plan to make sure there is education for young people at risk of becoming followers⁸ of Muslim fundamentalists.

克里呼吁实行新的“马歇尔计划”，就像第二次世界大战后帮助重建欧洲的计划一样。他希望这个计划能确保受教育权力没有保障的青年人成为穆斯林原教旨主义者的追随者。

"There are about a billion and a half children in the world under the age of 15. Somewhere upwards⁹ of 400 million of them will not go to school, and that is a problem for all of us."

“世界上大约有十亿半的孩子在15岁以下。其中有4亿多的孩子没有上学，这是我们所有人的问题。”

Throughout American history, diplomacy¹⁰, development and foreign aid have had strong support from both political parties. U.S. diplomats¹¹ hope that the Trump administration will also see overseas assistance as important for America's security and economic interests.

在美国历史上，外交、发展和外国援助都得到了两个政党的强烈支持。美国外交官希望特朗普政府也会将海外援助视为对美国的安全和经济利益很重要的部分。

1 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

2 nominee   

n.被提名者；被任命者；被推荐者

参考例句：

• His nominee for vice president was elected only after a second ballot.他提名的副总统在两轮投票后才当选。
• Mr.Francisco is standing as the official nominee for the post of District Secretary.弗朗西斯科先生是行政书记职位的正式提名人。

3 confirmation   

n.证实，确认，批准

参考例句：

• We are waiting for confirmation of the news.我们正在等待证实那个消息。
• We need confirmation in writing before we can send your order out.给你们发送订购的货物之前，我们需要书面确认。

4 corrupt   

v.贿赂，收买；adj.腐败的，贪污的

参考例句：

• The newspaper alleged the mayor's corrupt practices.那家报纸断言市长有舞弊行为。
• This judge is corrupt.这个法官贪污。

5 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

6 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

7 donor   

n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体

参考例句：

• In these cases,the recipient usually takes care of the donor afterwards.在这类情况下，接受捐献者以后通常会照顾捐赠者。
• The Doctor transplanted the donor's heart to Mike's chest cavity.医生将捐赠者的心脏移植进麦克的胸腔。

8 followers   

追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件

参考例句：

• the followers of Mahatma Gandhi 圣雄甘地的拥护者
• The reformer soon gathered a band of followers round him. 改革者很快就获得一群追随者支持他。

9 upwards   

adv.向上，在更高处...以上

参考例句：

• The trend of prices is still upwards.物价的趋向是仍在上涨。
• The smoke rose straight upwards.烟一直向上升。

10 diplomacy   

n.外交；外交手腕，交际手腕

参考例句：

• The talks have now gone into a stage of quiet diplomacy.会谈现在已经进入了“温和外交”阶段。
• This was done through the skill in diplomacy. 这是通过外交手腕才做到的。

11 diplomats   

n.外交官( diplomat的名词复数 )；有手腕的人，善于交际的人

参考例句：

• These events led to the expulsion of senior diplomats from the country. 这些事件导致一些高级外交官被驱逐出境。
• The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomats living in this country. 法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。 来自《简明英汉词典》