VOA慢速英语2021 拜登希望2030年前电动汽车销量占50%

U.S. President Joe Biden signed an executive order Thursday to make half of all new vehicles sold in 2030 carbon-free. He also proposed new vehicle-emission rules to cut pollution through 2026.

美国总统拜登周四签署了一项行政命令，要求在2030年销售的所有新车中要有一半是零排放。他还提出了直到2026年的车辆排放新规以减少污染。

Biden's goal won the support of major U.S. and foreign carmakers. But carmakers also said the change would require billions of dollars in government funding.

拜登的目标赢得了国内外主要汽车厂商的支持。但是汽车厂商也表示，这一变革将需要数十亿美元的政府资金支持。

"We have got to act," U.S. Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg said in an interview on the television business news channel CNBC. The 10-year goal, he added, is urgently needed for the country to meet its climate goals.

美国交通部长皮特·布蒂吉格在接受电视商业新闻频道CNBC采访时说：“我们必须采取行动。”他还表示，美国迫切需要通过这个十年目标来实现其气候目标。

In a joint¹ statement, three major car companies based in Detroit, Michigan, said they would seek to have 40 to 50 percent of new vehicle sales by 2030 be electric models. The companies were General Motors, Ford² and Chrysler's parent company, Stellantis NV.

总部位于密歇根州底特律市的三大汽车公司在一份联合声明中表示，他们将力图在2030年前将电动汽车提升到新车销量的40%到50%。这些公司是通用汽车、福特以及克莱斯特的母公司Stellantis NV。

Biden's 50-percent goal and the carmakers' stated goal include three kinds of electric vehicles, also known as EV.

拜登提出的50%目标和汽车厂商的既定目标包括三种类型的电动汽车。

Biden has repeatedly resisted calls from many Democrats³ to make electric vehicles a requirement. He has also resisted following the state of California and some countries in setting 2035 as the final year for selling new gasoline-powered light duty vehicles.

拜登一再拒绝许多民主党人要求将电动汽车作为必要条件的呼呼。他还拒绝效仿美国加州以及一些国家将2035年作为销售全新汽油动力轻型汽车的最后一年。

The United Auto⁴ Workers (UAW) union has pushed back against such aims. UAW President Ray Curry⁵ said his group wants to keep in place jobs "that have been the heart and soul of the American middle class."

美国汽车工人联合会反对这类目标。美国汽车工人联合会主席雷·库里表示，该组织希望保留“一直是美国中产阶级核心和灵魂的”就业岗位。

Biden's order sets a new date for making new emissions⁶ rules through at least 2030 for light duty vehicles. For larger vehicles, it could be as early as 2027.

拜登的命令为制定至少到2030年的轻型汽车排放新规设定了新的期限。对于大型汽车来说，最早可能是2027年。

Dan Becker is director of the Safe Climate Transport Campaign. He noted⁷ that Biden's order is not backed by law. Car companies would need to make changes voluntarily. He compared the non-legality of the order to a person making a New Year's resolution. In other words, the companies would only have to answer to themselves.

丹·贝克是安全气候运输运动的负责人。他指出，拜登的命令不受法律支持。汽车公司需要自愿做出改变。他把这项命令的不合法性比作某人制定一项新年计划。换句话说，这些公司只需要对自己负责。

The three carmakers in Detroit said they can only meet the high EV sales goals with billions of dollars in government incentives⁸. They said the incentives would need to include aid to car buyers, EV charging networks, investments in research and more.

底特律市的这3家汽车厂商表示，只有政府提供数十亿美元的激励措施，才能实现电动汽车销售的高远目标。他们表示，激励措施包括对购车用户、电动汽车充电网络以及研发投资等提供补贴。

South Korean carmaker Hyundai said it supports the 40- to 50-percent electric vehicle sales goal by 2030. Toyota said in a statement the goal was "great for the environment" and that it would do its part.

韩国汽车厂商现代公司表示，该公司支持2030年前实现40%到50%为电动汽车的销售目标。丰田公司在一份声明中表示，该目标对环境有益，并将贡献自己的一份力量。

At the same time, U.S. officials hope to change former President Donald Trump⁹'s March 2020 cut to clean fuel standards. Trump required 1.5 percent yearly increases in cleaner fuel through 2026. That is far below the five percent yearly increases set in 2012 by President Barack Obama's administration.

与此同时，美国官员希望改变前总统川普在2020年3月对清洁燃料标准做出的削减。川普要求清洁燃料年增长率为1.5%，直到2026年。这远远低于奥巴马政府在2012年设定的5%的年增长率。

Car companies BMW, Honda, Volkswagen, Ford and Volvo said in a joint statement they support the Biden administration's EV goal. But they said the federal government must take real action to create public demand.

宝马、本田、大众、福特和沃尔沃在一份联合声明中表示，他们支持拜登政府的电动车目标。但是他们表示，联邦政府必须采取实际行动来创造公众需求。

Biden has called for $174 billion in government spending to increase EVs, including $100 billion in buyer incentives. A Senate infrastructure¹⁰ bill includes $7.5 billion for EV charging stations. But it does not include money for new public incentives.

拜登呼吁政府支出1740亿美元以提升电动汽车占比，其中包括1000亿美元用于买家激励措施。参议院基础设施法案包括75亿美元用于电动汽车充电站。但它不包括用于新的公众激励措施的资金。

1 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

2 Ford   

n.浅滩，水浅可涉处；v.涉水，涉过

参考例句：

• They were guarding the bridge,so we forded the river.他们驻守在那座桥上，所以我们只能涉水过河。
• If you decide to ford a stream,be extremely careful.如果已决定要涉过小溪，必须极度小心。

3 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 auto   

n.(=automobile)(口语)汽车

参考例句：

• Don't park your auto here.别把你的汽车停在这儿。
• The auto industry has brought many people to Detroit.汽车工业把许多人吸引到了底特律。

5 curry   

n.咖哩粉，咖哩饭菜；v.用咖哩粉调味，用马栉梳，制革

参考例句：

• Rice makes an excellent complement to a curry dish.有咖喱的菜配米饭最棒。
• Add a teaspoonful of curry powder.加一茶匙咖喱粉。

6 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

7 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

8 incentives   

激励某人做某事的事物( incentive的名词复数 )； 刺激； 诱因； 动机

参考例句：

• tax incentives to encourage savings 鼓励储蓄的税收措施
• Furthermore, subsidies provide incentives only for investments in equipment. 更有甚者，提供津贴仅是为鼓励增添设备的投资。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

9 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

10 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。