VOA慢速英语2021 难民接种新冠疫苗成难题

Salimullah has been living in the Indian capital of New Delhi since 2013 when he escaped violence in Myanmar.

自2013年逃离缅甸暴力事件以来，萨利穆拉一直生活在印度首都新德里。

A Rohingya refugee, the 35-year-old now lives in a small temporary shelter with up to 10 other people at a time.

这名35岁的罗辛亚难民目前住在一个小型临时避难所，与其他10人同住。

He and his family have been surviving on donated food.

他和他的家人一直靠捐赠的食物生存。

But he has to return to work soon, even with the risk of getting COVID-19 and infecting others.

但他必须尽快返回工作岗位，即使要冒着被感染新冠肺炎并传染给他人的风险。

A few refugees in India have begun getting vaccines².

印度的一些难民已经开始接种疫苗。

But no one in his camp has received shots.

但萨利穆拉的营地里没有人注射过疫苗。

Just over 7 percent of India's 1.4 billion people are fully³ vaccinated⁵.

在印度14亿人口中，只有7%多一点的人完全接种了疫苗。

"The disease doesn't discriminate⁶.

“这种疾病可不分你我。

If we get infected, locals will also," Salimullah told The Associated Press.

如果我们被感染，当地人也会被感染。”

It was not supposed to be like this.

不应该是这样的。

For months the World Health Organization (WHO) urged countries to vaccinate⁴ refugees.

几个月来，世界卫生组织敦促各国给难民接种疫苗。

The WHO placed them in the second most at-risk group, along with those with serious health conditions.

世界卫生组织将难民与那些健康状况严重的人一起列为第二大高危人群。

Sajjad Malik is director of the United Nations refugee agency.

萨贾德·马利克是联合国难民署主任。

He said refugees live in crowded conditions where the virus can spread more easily.

他说，难民生活在拥挤的环境中，病毒更容易传播。

They also have little access to health care or clean water.

他们也很难获得医疗保健或清洁的水资源。

Over 160 countries included refugees in their vaccination⁷ plans.

160多个国家将难民纳入了疫苗接种计划。

But those plans have been changed by supply shortages.

但由于供应短缺，这些计划已经改变。

The WHO says that about 85 percent of vaccines have been given out by rich nations.

世界卫生组织表示，大约85%的疫苗是由富裕国家提供的。

At the same time, it estimates that 85 percent of the world's 26 million refugees live in developing countries struggling to vaccinate the most vulnerable.

与此同时，世界卫生组织估计，在全球2600万难民中，有85%生活在努力给脆弱人群接种疫苗的发展中国家。

Some countries, like Bangladesh, had high hopes for COVAX, an international program that aims to provide vaccines to poorer nations.

孟加拉国等一些国家对“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”抱有很高的期望，这个国际项目旨在向较贫穷的国家提供疫苗。

Bangladesh had plans in February to vaccinate almost 1 million Rohingya refugees in its crowded camps on the border with Myanmar.

今年2月，孟加拉国曾计划为缅甸边境拥挤的难民营中近100万罗兴亚难民接种疫苗。

But so far, Bangladesh has only received 100,620 vaccine¹ doses from COVAX.

但迄今为止，孟加拉国只从“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”获得了100620剂疫苗。

Worldwide, the COVAX program has provided less than 8 percent of the 2 billion vaccine doses it had promised by the end of this year.

“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”承诺在年底前提供20亿剂疫苗，但目前在全球范围内，它只提供了不到8%。

Even in countries where refugee vaccinations⁸ have started, supplies remain low.

即使在已经开始为难民接种疫苗的国家，疫苗供应仍然很少。

In Uganda's Bidi Bidi camp, less than 2 percent of 200,000 refugees have received a single shot of the AstraZeneca vaccine.

在乌干达的Bidi Bidi难民营，20万难民中只有不到2%的人接种过一剂阿斯利康疫苗。

Second doses are also in short supply after India stopped donating them when its own virus cases greatly increased.

第二剂疫苗也供应不足，因为印度国内病例大幅增加，已经停止捐赠疫苗。

Some countries, like India, first required documents like passports or other government identification to sign up for vaccines.

一些国家，比如印度，需要护照或其他政府身份证件等文件才能注射疫苗。

But many refugees do not have that identification.

但许多难民并没有这些文件。

India eased the requirements in January, but language barriers and misinformation about vaccines continue to cause problems.

1月份印度放宽了要求，但是语言障碍和关于疫苗的错误信息依然带来了问题。

Frido Herinckx is with the Red Cross and helps run the organization's COVID-19 operations in Europe.

弗里多·赫林克斯就职于红十字会，帮助管理该组织在欧洲的新冠肺炎行动。

He told the AP that while refugees are getting shots in European Union countries, the situation is much worse in other areas.

他告诉美联社，虽然欧盟国家的难民接种了疫苗，但其他地区的情况很糟糕。

For example, only 1.5 percent of people in Armenia and 4.2 percent in Ukraine are fully vaccinated.

例如，只有1.5%的亚美尼亚人和4.2%的乌克兰人完全接种了疫苗。

In some countries, like Montenegro, the fear of arrest or deportation⁹ remains¹⁰ a barrier.

在一些国家，如黑山，人们害怕被逮捕或驱逐出境，这妨碍了疫苗接种。

Herinckx said Red Cross volunteers go with the refugees to get their shots and then make sure they are not arrested afterwards.

赫林克斯说，红十字会志愿者会和难民一起去接种疫苗，确保他们不被逮捕。

Even if supply increases, there is still a liability issue surrounding the vaccines.

即便疫苗供应有所增加，但仍然存在疫苗责任问题。

For example, many different humanitarian¹¹ organizations can seek to give vaccines.

例如，许多不同的人道主义组织都可以提供疫苗。

But doing so usually means those organizations must accept liability for any serious side effects the vaccines may cause.

但这通常意味着这些组织必须承担疫苗可能造成的任何严重副作用的责任。

Miriam Alía Prieto is an adviser¹² for Doctors Without Borders.

Miriam Alía Prieto是无国界医生组织的顾问。

She said the organization wants to get vaccines from the manufacturers but does not want to accept liability.

她说，该组织希望从生产商那里得到疫苗，但不想承担责任。

Many vaccine makers¹³ have refused to enter deals for vaccines without that requirement.

许多疫苗制造商拒绝达成没有这一要求的疫苗交易。

The U.N.'s Malik says as COVID-19 continues to spread, some countries could face great difficulties if they cannot find ways to effectively vaccinate their refugee populations.

联合国的马利克表示，随着新冠肺炎继续传播，一些国家如果不能找到有效的方法为难民接种疫苗，可能会面临巨大的困难。

"The virus doesn't distinguish between a national and a refugee," he said.

他说:“这种病毒可不管你有没有国籍。”

"So, if you don't protect and save your refugee population, it becomes a public health issue."

“所以，如果难民得不到保护和拯救，这就会成为一个公共卫生问题。”

I'm Dan Novak.

丹·诺瓦克为您播报。

Words in This Story

discriminate — v. to unfairly treat a person or group of people differently from other people or groups

access — n. the right or ability to approach, enter or use

vulnerable — adj. easily hurt or harmed physically¹⁴, mentally, or emotionally

dose — n. the amount of a medication to be taken at one time

deportation — n. the act of forcing (a person who is not a citizen) to leave a country

liability — n. the legal responsibility for something

distinguish — v. to recognize the differences between two people, ideas, things, etc.

1 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

2 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

3 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

4 vaccinate   

vt.给…接种疫苗；种牛痘

参考例句：

• Local health officials then can plan the best times to vaccinate people.这样，当地的卫生官员就可以安排最佳时间给人们接种疫苗。
• Doctors vaccinate us so that we do not catch smallpox.医生给我们打预防针使我们不会得天花。

5 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

6 discriminate   

v.区别，辨别，区分；有区别地对待

参考例句：

• You must learn to discriminate between facts and opinions.你必须学会把事实和看法区分出来。
• They can discriminate hundreds of colours.他们能分辨上百种颜色。

7 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

8 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 deportation   

n.驱逐，放逐

参考例句：

• The government issued a deportation order against the four men.政府发出了对那4名男子的驱逐令。
• Years ago convicted criminals in England could face deportation to Australia.很多年以前，英国已定罪的犯人可能被驱逐到澳大利亚。

10 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

11 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

12 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

13 makers   

n.制造者，制造商（maker的复数形式）

参考例句：

• The makers of the product assured us that there had been no sacrifice of quality. 这一产品的制造商向我们保证说他们没有牺牲质量。
• The makers are about to launch out a new product. 制造商们马上要生产一种新产品。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 physically   

adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律

参考例句：

• He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服，心绪也很乱。
• Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。