VOA词汇掌故2023 Board, on board和aboard的区别

And now, Words and Their Stories from VOA Learning¹ English.

欢迎收听VOA慢速英语《词汇掌故》节目。

Today, we discuss the word board.

今天，我们讨论board这个单词。

As a noun², board has a couple of meanings.

作为名词，board有两个意思。

It can be a long thick piece of wood or other strong material – like a diving board.

它可以指一块又长又厚的木头或其他坚固的材料——比如跳水板。

A board can also be a group of people who make decisions for an organization.

board也可以指为组织做决策的一群人。

An example is a board of directors.

a board of directors（董事会）就是一个例子。

As a verb, board means several things.

作为动词，board有几个意思。

Board can mean providing food for someone regularly.

board可以指定期为某人提供食物。

For example, a college student's costs include housing³ and food, called room and board.

例如，大学生的费用包括食宿费。

Board can also mean closing off parts of a building with pieces of wood.

Board也可以指用木片将建筑物的某些部分封闭起来。

Sometimes in scary movies, people board up the doors and windows to keep monsters from entering.

有时，在恐怖电影中，人们会用木板封住门窗，以防止怪物进入。

Board, on board, and aboard are all used differently.

Board、on board和aboard的用法都不同。

At a train station, we sometimes hear a conductor say, "All aboard," as the train is getting ready to leave.

在火车站，当火车准备离开时，我们有时会听到列车员说：“请上车。”

And the captain of a ship might say, "Welcome aboard," as you climb on the boat.

当你登上船的时候，船长可能会说：“欢迎上船。”

However, we say you board a plane, train, or boat when you get on it.

然而，我们会用“board a plane/train/boat”表示上飞机、上火车或上船。

And we say you are on board once you get on.

on board表示你在船上、飞机上或火车上。

If you agree with an idea or a process, we also say that you are on board with it.

如果你同意一个想法或一个做法，我们也会说be on board with sth.。

But we never say you are aboard with it.

但我们从来不说be aboard with sth.。

And if you are very excited about an idea or process, you do not just get on board, you jump on board!

如果你对一个想法或做法感到非常兴奋，你不仅同意它，还要加入进来！

We also use the term onboarding to describe the process of starting a new job.

我们也用onboarding这个词来描述开始一份新工作的过程。

This is the process in which new workers learn about a company, work rules, and things related⁴ to the job.

这是新员工了解公司、工作规定以及与工作相关的事情的过程。

At VOA Learning English and many other organizations, all workers are required to attend onboarding and other training.

在美国之音慢速英语和许多其他组织，所有员工都被要求参加入职和其他培训。

So, we say the training requirement affects everyone across the board.

因此，我们说培训要求影响到所有人。

We use the expression across the board when something affects every part or every individual within a larger group.

当某件事影响到一个更大的群体中的每一个部分或每个人时，我们就会使用across the board这个短语。

For example, when the government raises taxes on all income levels, it affects everyone across the board.

例如，当政府提高所有收入水平的税收时，它会全面影响到所有人。

Experts say, across the board comes from a horse-racing bet⁵.

专家表示，across the board来自赛马赌注。

It means the same amount is bet for a horse to come in first, second, and third in a race.

意思是在一场比赛中，一匹马获得第一、第二和第三名的赌注是相同的。

And that's all the time we have for this Words and Their Stories.

以上就是本期《词汇掌故》节目的全部内容。

We hope you are on board with the expressions and use them in your next English conversation!

我们希望你能理解这些短语，并在下次英语对话中使用它们！

Until next time ... I'm Anna Matteo.

下次见……我是安娜·马特奥。

1 learning   

n.学问，学识，学习；动词learn的现在分词

参考例句：

• When you are learning to ride a bicycle,you often fall off.初学骑自行车时，常会从车上掉下来。
• Learning languages isn't just a matter of remembering words.学习语言不仅仅是记些单词的事。

2 noun   

n.名词

参考例句：

• What kind of noun is this?这是哪类名词？
• This word is a collective noun.这个词是个集体名词。

3 housing   

n.房屋，住宅；住房建筑；外壳，外罩

参考例句：

• Do you think our housing sales will turn around during this year?你认为今年我们的住宅销路会好转吗？
• The housing sales have been turning down since the summer.入夏以来，房屋的销售量日趋减少。

4 related   

adj.有关系的，有关联的，叙述的，讲述的

参考例句：

• I am not related to him in any way.我和他无任何关系。
• We spent days going through all related reference material.我们花了好多天功夫查阅所有有关的参考资料。

5 bet   

v.打赌，以(与)...打赌；n.赌注，赌金；打赌

参考例句：

• I bet you can't do this puzzle.我敢说，你解决不了这个难题。
• I offered to bet with him.我提出与他打赌。