VOA科学技术2023 澳大利亚在大堡礁安装水质传感器

 

Australia Puts Water Quality Sensors¹ in Great Barrier Reef²

澳大利亚在大堡礁安装水质传感器

Australia's government has placed sensors in parts of the Great Barrier Reef in an effort to record water quality.

澳大利亚政府在大堡礁部分区域安装了传感器以记录水质。

The Great Barrier Reef covers about 344,000 square kilometers of area off Australia's northeast coast. It contains hundreds of islands and thousands of natural structures, known as reefs³.

大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北海岸，面积约344000平方公里。它包含数百个岛屿和数千个珊瑚礁。

The sensors measure levels of sediment⁴ and carbon materials flowing from the Fitzroy River into Keppel Bay in Queensland state. The area sits within the southern part of the Great Barrier Reef. Such substances can damage sea life.

这些传感器负责测量从菲茨罗伊河流入昆士兰州吉宝湾的沉积物和碳物质的水平。该地区位于大堡礁的南部。上述物质会破坏海洋生物。

The Australian government agency Commonwealth⁵ Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) operates the program. The agency says the effort uses the sensors and satellite data to measure changes in water quality.

澳大利亚政府机构联邦科学与工业研究组织负责该项目。该机构表示，这项工作利用传感器和卫星数据来测量水质的变化。

Experts say the quality of Australia's coastal⁶ and inland waterways is being threatened by warming temperatures, urbanization, deforestation and pollution.

专家表示，澳大利亚沿海和内陆水道的水质正受到气温升高、城市化、森林砍伐和污染的威胁。

The reef is one of seven test areas of CSIRO's AquaWatch Australia Mission. The research team hopes to establish 15 testing areas by 2026.

大堡礁是澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织水质监测任务的七个试验区之一。研究小组希望在2026年前建立15个试验区。

Alex Held leads the program. He told VOA that sediments⁷ can be harmful to ocean life because they can block sunlight from the seafloor. The lack of sunlight can hurt the growth of sea plants and other organisms. Sediments can also settle on the tops of coral reefs, affecting sea life there as well.

亚历克斯·赫尔德领导该项目。他告诉美国之音，沉积物可能对海洋生物有害，因为它们会阻挡海底的阳光。缺乏阳光会损害海洋植物和其他生物的生长。沉积物也会沉积在珊瑚礁顶部，影响那里的海洋生物。

Held said the sensors and satellites will be used to measure the effectiveness of programs meant to reduce the flow, or runoff, of river sediment into the sea.

赫尔德表示，这些传感器和卫星将用于衡量旨在减少河流沉积物流入大海流量项目的有效性。

Held noted⁸ that the Australian government already operates a series of programs aimed at reducing the effects of sediments on sea life. These include efforts to keep plants growing along riverbeds and other bodies of water to help keep sediments out.

赫尔德指出，澳大利亚政府已经实施了一系列旨在减少沉积物对海洋生物影响的计划。这些措施包括努力让植物沿着河床和其他水体生长，以帮助阻挡沉积物。

Environmentalists have warned that the Great Barrier Reef faces a number of threats. These include climate change, pollution and runoff of agricultural products. The reef – which runs about 2,300 kilometers – has been on the United Nations World Heritage⁹ List since 1981.

环保人士警告说，大堡礁面临许多威胁。其中包括气候变化、污染和农产品径流。该珊瑚礁全长约2300公里，自1981年以来一直被列入联合国世界遗产名录。

1 sensors   

n.传感器，灵敏元件( sensor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• There were more than 2000 sensors here. 这里装有两千多个灵敏元件。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Significant changes have been noted where sensors were exposed to trichloride. 当传感器暴露在三氯化物中时，有很大变化。 来自辞典例句

2 reef   

n.礁，礁石，暗礁

参考例句：

• The ship and its crew were lost on the reef.那条船及船员都触礁遇难了。
• The ship was wrecked on a coral reef.这条船在珊瑚暗礁上撞毁了。

3 reefs   

礁体

参考例句：

• The motorboat cut across swift currents and skirted dangerous reefs. 汽艇穿过激流，绕过险滩。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Fish are abundant about the reefs. 暗礁附近鱼很多。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 sediment   

n.沉淀，沉渣，沉积(物)

参考例句：

• The sediment settled and the water was clear.杂质沉淀后，水变清了。
• Sediment begins to choke the channel's opening.沉积物开始淤塞河道口。

5 commonwealth   

n.共和国，联邦，共同体

参考例句：

• He is the chairman of the commonwealth of artists.他是艺术家协会的主席。
• Most of the members of the Commonwealth are nonwhite.英联邦的许多成员国不是白人国家。

6 coastal   

adj.海岸的，沿海的，沿岸的

参考例句：

• The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。
• This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加强沿海地区的防御。

7 sediments   

沉淀物( sediment的名词复数 )； 沉积物

参考例句：

• When deposited, 70-80% of the volume of muddy sediments may be water. 泥质沉积物沉积后，体积的70-80％是水。
• Oligocene erosion had truncated the sediments draped over the dome. 覆盖于穹丘上的沉积岩为渐新世侵蚀所截削。

8 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

9 heritage   

n.传统，遗产，继承物

参考例句：

• The ancient buildings are part of the national heritage.这些古建筑是民族遗产的一部分。
• We Chinese have a great cultural heritage.我们中国人有伟大的文化遗产。