VOA科学技术2023 国际能源署称电网问题威胁全球气候目标

Report: Electrical Grid¹ Problems Risk World Climate Goals

国际能源署称电网问题威胁全球气候目标

The International Energy Agency (IEA) says many world electrical grids² will need major improvements to support international climate change goals.

国际能源署表示，全球许多电网将需要进行重大改进，以支持国际气候变化目标。

In a new report, the IEA calls on nations to invest in aging electrical grid systems. The Paris-based organization works with member governments to help them shape energy policies.

在一份新的报告中，国际能源署呼吁各国投资于老化的电网系统。这家总部位于巴黎的组织与成员国政府合作，帮助他们制定能源政策。

The IEA examined electricity grids in countries across the world to produce its report. The report found that, for the most part, electrical grid systems have not kept up with clean energy technologies like solar, wind, electric cars and heat pumps.

国际能源署对世界各国的电网进行了调查以编制其报告。报告发现，在大多数情况下，电网系统没有跟上太阳能、风能、电动汽车和热泵等清洁能源技术的步伐。

One of the main findings is that to meet all national climate and energy goals, about 80 million kilometers of power lines will have to be added or replaced by 2040. The report noted³ that this amount is equal to the whole existing worldwide electricity grid.

其中一项主要发现是，为了实现所有国家气候和能源目标，到2040年前必须新增或更换约8000万公里的输电线路。报告指出，这一数额相当于全球现有的整个电网。

The 2015 Paris climate agreement has set a goal to limit warming worldwide to 1.5 degrees Celsius⁴ since pre-industrial times. Climate scientists believe the way to meet that goal is to reduce the use of greenhouse gases. They say this kind of pollution – linked largely to human activities – warms the planet.

2015年《巴黎气候协定》设定了一个目标，即自前工业化时代以来，将全球变暖限制在1.5摄氏度以内。气候科学家认为，实现这一目标的方法是减少温室气体的使用。他们说，这种主要与人类活动有关的污染使地球变暖。

IEA Executive Director Fatih Birol spoke⁵ to reporters from The Associated Press about the report. He said there are many renewable energy projects waiting to connect to electricity systems. But currently, most grids are not equipped to work with the greener technology.

国际能源署执行主任法提赫·比罗尔就这份报告向美联社记者发表了讲话。他说，有许多可再生能源项目正在等待接入电力系统。但目前，大多数电网还没有配备更环保的技术。

Birol said many of the renewable projects are ready or nearly ready to go. If grid changes could be completed, the projects could produce about 1,500 gigawatts of power. This is about five times the amount of solar and wind capacity added worldwide last year, Birol said.

比罗尔说，许多可再生能源项目已经准备好或几乎准备就绪。如果电网改造能够完成，这些项目可以产生约1500吉瓦的电力。比罗尔说，这大约是去年全球太阳能和风能发电量的五倍。

If investments in grid systems do not increase, the report predicts the chance of reaching the Paris agreement's goal drops sharply. The IEA said such investments need to double to more than $600 billion a year by 2030.

报告预测，如果电网系统投资不增加，达成《巴黎协定》目标的可能性将大幅下降。国际能源署表示，到2030年，此类投资需要翻一番，达到每年6000亿美元以上。

But there are difficulties getting new grid improvements approved. The IEA notes that it is not uncommon⁶ for a single high-power overhead power line to take five to 13 years to get government approvals in developed economies. Approvals in nations such as China and India, can be much shorter, the organization said.

但是，新的电网改进要获得批准存在难度。国际能源署指出，在发达经济体，一条大功率架空电线需要5到13年才能获得政府批准的情况并不少见。该组织表示，中国和印度等国的审批时间可能会短得多。

One project examined in the report aims to carry wind power from northern to southern Germany. First planned in 2014, it was delayed after political opposition⁷ to an overhead line meant it was buried instead. Completion of the project is now expected in 2028 instead of 2022.

报告中审查的一个项目旨在将风能从德国北部输送到南部。最初规划于2014年，但由于政治上反对架空线路，相当于它要被埋地敷设，因此被推迟。该项目现在预计将于2028年竣工，而非2022年竣工。

Other important projects are delayed, including the 400-kilometer Bay of Biscay connector between Spain and France. Officials expect to finish the work in 2028 instead of 2025. And a line to bring wind power from New Mexico to Arizona and California just started last month after years of delays.

 

其他重要项目也被推迟，包括西班牙和法国之间长达400公里的比斯开湾连接线。官员们预计将在2028年完工，而不是2025年。经过多年的延误，一条从新墨西哥州到亚利桑那州和加利福尼亚州的风力发电线路上个月刚刚开通。

1 grid   

n.高压输电线路网；地图坐标方格；格栅

参考例句：

• In this application,the carrier is used to encapsulate the grid.在这种情况下，要用载体把格栅密封起来。
• Modern gauges consist of metal foil in the form of a grid.现代应变仪则由网格形式的金属片组成。

2 grids   

n.格子( grid的名词复数 )；地图上的坐标方格；（输电线路、天然气管道等的）系统网络；（汽车比赛）赛车起跑线

参考例句：

• Typical framed structures are beams, grids, plane and space frames or trusses. 典型构架结构为梁、格栅、平面的和空间的框架或桁架。 来自辞典例句
• The machines deliver trimmed grids for use or stock. 这种机器铸出修整过的板栅，以供使用或储存。 来自辞典例句

3 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

4 Celsius   

adj.摄氏温度计的，摄氏的

参考例句：

• The temperature tonight will fall to seven degrees Celsius.今晚气温将下降到七摄氏度。
• The maximum temperature in July may be 36 degrees Celsius.七月份最高温度可能达到36摄氏度。

5 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

6 uncommon   

adj.罕见的，非凡的，不平常的

参考例句：

• Such attitudes were not at all uncommon thirty years ago.这些看法在30年前很常见。
• Phil has uncommon intelligence.菲尔智力超群。

7 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。