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Claudia Sheinbaum Becomes Mexico’s First Female President

Election officials in Mexico say Claudia Sheinbaum will become the country's first female president.

Sheinbaum won a large victory in Sunday’s election after promising¹ to continue the policies of outgoing leader Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador.

In early results, Sheinbaum received between 58 percent and 61 percent of votes. It is the most support won by a candidate in a Mexican presidential election since the end of one-party rule in 2000.

Sheinbaum thanked Lopez Obrador in a speech she gave after the results became clear. She called him "an exceptional, unique man who has transformed Mexico for the better."

Lopez Obrador doubled the minimum wage, reduced poverty, and oversaw² a strengthening peso and low levels of unemployment. His popularity helped Sheinbaum to victory in the election. But experts believe Sheinbaum will find it difficult to follow in his footsteps.

Her victory is a big change for Mexico, a country known for its masculine culture. Also, the country is home to the world's second biggest Roman Catholic population, which has supported traditional values and roles for women. In addition to that, Sheinbaum will be the first Jewish person to lead the country.

Her main opponent, Xochitl Galvez, admitted defeat after receiving 27 to 29 percent of the vote.

The 61-year-old Sheinbaum will take office on October 1. The politician is the first woman to win a general election in the United States, Mexico or Canada. Mexico joins Latin American countries like Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama that all voted women to the highest office.

Sheinbaum has promised to expand the welfare policies that helped make Lopez Obrador popular and that aided her victory. However, Mexico now has a large budget deficit³ and low economic growth.

Her policy goals will be helped by strong support in Congress. Early results show her ruling party called Morena and its allies might gain a supermajority in both houses of Congress.

Mexico’s high levels of violence will be one of her most immediate⁴ difficulties after she takes office. She has promised to improve security but has given few details.

The 2024 election was the most violent in Mexico's modern history. Thirty-eight candidates were murdered. Many experts say organized crime groups expanded and deepened their power during Lopez Obrador's term.

More people have been killed during Lopez Obrador’s term in office than during any other administration in Mexico's modern history. The number is over 185,000. Supporters say the rate has been slowly decreasing.

Sheinbaum’s training is in science. She has a doctoral degree in energy engineering. She was among the members of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which shared the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize with former U.S. Vice⁵ President Al Gore⁶. In 2023, Sheinbaum told The Associated Press, “I believe in science.”

Observers said that belief showed itself when Sheinbaum was mayor of Mexico City during the COVID-19 pandemic. The city of 9 million people did not follow what Lopez Obrador did at the national level.

While the federal government did not place importance on coronavirus testing, Mexico City expanded testing. Sheinbaum set limits on businesses' hours and capacity when the virus was rapidly spreading. Lopez Obrador wanted to avoid any measures that would hurt the economy. She also publicly wore face coverings and urged social distancing while the president was still appearing in crowds.

Sheinbaum has praised Lopez Obrador and said little that the president has not said himself. She blamed what some call neoliberal economic policies for ensuring that millions of people remain poor. She promised a strong welfare state. She also praised Mexico’s large state-owned oil company, Pemex, while also promising to push clean energy.

Sheinbaum has rejected opposition⁷ claims that she would be a "puppet" of Lopez Obrador. But she has promised to continue his policies including those that target Mexico's poor.

Jason Marczak is with the Atlantic Council's Adrienne Arsht Latin America Center. He said: "There is an expectation that she will continue the policies of Lopez Obrador, but also become her own president at the same time.”

Words in This Story

exceptional — adj. unusual, getting attention

unique — adj. one-of-a-kind; unlike any other

masculine — adj. relating to the qualities that men have

role — n. the part that a person plays in an activity or organization

welfare — n. a set of government policies that spend money to provide the poor, the old, and children with things like food, health care and money

doctoral degree (Ph.D.) –n. the highest degree given at a university

capacity — n. relating to the ability to hold or contain something; for example, the number of people that a building can safely hold in a certain situation

puppet –n. a toy that is controlled by its operator; a person who is controlled by someone else

1 promising   

adj.有希望的，有前途的

参考例句：

• The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
• We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。

2 oversaw   

v.监督，监视( oversee的过去式 )

参考例句：

• He will go down as the president who oversaw two historic transitions. 他将作为见证了巴西两次历史性转变的总统，安然引退。 来自互联网
• Dixon oversaw the project as creative director of Design Research Studio. 狄克逊监督项目的创意总监设计研究工作室。 来自互联网

3 deficit   

n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差

参考例句：

• The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
• We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。

4 immediate   

adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的

参考例句：

• His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
• We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。

5 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

6 gore   

n.凝血，血污；v.（动物）用角撞伤，用牙刺破；缝以补裆；顶

参考例句：

• The fox lay dying in a pool of gore.狐狸倒在血泊中奄奄一息。
• Carruthers had been gored by a rhinoceros.卡拉瑟斯被犀牛顶伤了。

7 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。