135 有关报告显示挪威的人类发展指数最高

 

Report: Norway Highest in the Human Development Index
Lisa Schlein
Geneva
10 Jul 2001 10:16 UTC

A report released today (Tuesday) says Norway has the best quality of life of any country in the world. The report, called The Human Development Index, was commissioned by the U.N. Development Program. Each year the U.N. agency ranks 162 countries according to a number of factors, including 1)life expectancy¹, education, adult literacy and income per capita.
The report says Norway and second-place Australia have narrowly edged ahead of Canada, the leader for the previous six years. It notes the United States has dropped from third to sixth place.
The lead author of the report, Sakiko Fukuda-Parr, says 2)wealth alone does not necessarily 3)guarantee a good quality of life. Although the United States has a higher level of per-capita income than other countries, she says it has slipped in the rankings, because of such factors as lower life expectancy, declining levels of educational achievement and an 4)uneven distribution of wealth. Fukuda-Parr said "The United States, among 17 countries for which the human 5)poverty index is estimated for industrialized countries, actually comes last, in the sense that it has the highest level of what we call human poverty - a large number of people who are dying before the age of 40, people who are functionally² 6)illiterate even though incomes are high." The report says the quality of life in the countries of the former Soviet³ Union continues to decline, but conditions in these countries are better than in most of Africa. The bottom 28 countries in this year's Human Development Index are all in Africa.
Sierra Leone is ranked last because of low life expectancy and 7)literacy rates. The United Nations report says a child born in Sierra Leone today will probably die before reaching the age of 39, and only 32 percent of the 8)adults in Sierra Leone can read.
But the report emphasizes that poorer nations are benefiting from new technologies, especially in the fields of information and communications. Ms. Fukuda-Parr says people in many parts of the developing world are taking advantage of these technologies to improve their lives.
Ms. Fukuda-Parr said "I think the map of the world, that sort of was a north-south divide between those that are developed and those that are not developed, is now changing. What is new ... is that centers of technological⁴ innovation are 9)cropping up in the south as well. Not just in Bangalore, but also in Sao Paolo, in South Africa, in Tunisia."
The report says, by using the new information and communications technologies, people in the developing world are now able to 10)accomplish something they were rarely able to do in the past: to overcome the 11)barriers of social, economic and 12)geographical 13)isolation.

(1) life expectancy n.平均寿命(=expectation of life)
(2) wealth[welW]n.财富, 财产, 大量
(3) guarantee[^ArEn5ti:]n.保证, 保证书, 担保vt.保证, 担保
(4) uneven[Qn5i:v(E)n]adj.不平坦的, 不平均的
(5) poverty[5pRvEtI]n.贫穷, 贫困, 贫乏, 缺少
(6) illiterate[I`lItLrEt]n.文盲adj.不识字的, 没受教育的
(7) literacy[5lItErEsI]n.有文化，有教养，有读写能力
(8) adult[5AdQlt]n.成人, 成年人adj.成人的, 成熟的
(9) crop up v.突然出现
(10) accomplish[E5kQmplIF]vt.完成, 达到, 实现
(11) barrier[5bArIE(r)]n.(阻碍通道的)障碍物, 栅栏, 屏障
(12) geographical[dVi:E5^rAfIk(E)l]adj.地理学的, 地理的
(13) isolation[aIsE5leIF(E)n]n.隔绝, 孤立, 隔离

 

1 expectancy   

n.期望，预期，（根据概率统计求得）预期数额

参考例句：

• Japanese people have a very high life expectancy.日本人的平均寿命非常长。
• The atomosphere of tense expectancy sobered everyone.这种期望的紧张气氛使每个人变得严肃起来。

2 functionally   

adv.机能上地，官能地

参考例句：

• Objective To explore occlusion reconstruction by computer aided design (CAD) with functionally-generated pathway (FGP). 目的探索借助功能性？记录(functionally-generated pathway,FGP)技术进行口腔固定修复体计算机辅助设计(Computer aided Design,CAD)生理性建？的方法。 来自互联网
• In this respect, the proceeding was functionally similar to a comparative licensing adjudication. 在这一点上，手续在作用上即类似于比较许可证发放的裁断。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法

3 Soviet   

adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃

参考例句：

• Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
• Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。

4 technological   

adj.技术的；工艺的

参考例句：

• A successful company must keep up with the pace of technological change.一家成功的公司必须得跟上技术变革的步伐。
• Today,the pace of life is increasing with technological advancements.当今， 随着科技进步，生活节奏不断增快。