140 南非国家首脑誓言为发展和进步努力

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 140 南非国家首脑誓言为发展和进步努力

African Leaders Pledge Sustainable Growth and Development
Delia Robertson
Johannesburg
11 Jul 2001 19:13 UTC

More than 40 African heads of state have 1)wrapped up the final summit of the Organization of African Unity¹ and agreed to establish an African Union, which will be launched at its inaugural² summit in South Africa next year. The leaders have also adopted a new plan called the African Initiative to 2)promote growth and development on the continent.
Thirty-eight years after it was founded to fight 3)colonialism and 4)apartheid, the Organization of African Unity is in the last months of its existence. At its final summit just ended in Lusaka, Zambia, African leaders agreed to replace it by an African Union, loosely modeled on the European Union.
The new African Union will be officially launched in South Africa next year. It will include a 5)parliament, a court of justice and a central bank. Newly elected Secretary General Amara Essy will pilot the transformation³ of the OAU into the African Union.
Also at the 3-day summit, Burundian President Pierre Buyoya, announced that he would honor a power-sharing agreement brokered⁴ by former South African President Nelson Mandela to try to bring to an end the civil war in Burundi. According to terms of the deal, which must still be accepted by all parties, Mr. Buyoya will remain President of Burundi for the first 18 months of a three-year transition period. He will be succeeded by a Hutu president who will lead the country during the second half of the transition.
The African leaders have also 6)adopted an 7)ambitious plan, known as the African Initiative, to put their countries on a path of sustainable growth and development. The plan aims to consolidate⁵ democracy and sound economic management on the continent and, through it, the leaders 8)pledge to hold each other accountable in terms of the agreements contained in the program.
The agreements in the African Initiative include achieving - and then 9)sustaining for 15 years - an average growth rate of seven percent or higher. By the year 2015, African leaders aim to reduce by half the number of people living in extreme poverty, enroll⁶ all school-age children in primary school, reduce 10)infant and child 11)mortality rates by two-thirds and cut maternal⁷ mortality by three quarters.
The plan also calls on individual states to implement⁸ 12)strategies for sustainable development by the year 2005 so that the loss of environmental resources can be 13)reversed by the year 2015.
The leaders have agreed to other programs in a number of key areas. The first on their list is the fight against HIV/AIDS and other 14)communicable diseases.
The Africa Initiative 15)stipulates that 16)preconditions for development include peace, security, and democracy. The leaders have agreed to take joint⁹ responsibility for conflict prevention, and to promote and protect democracy and human rights in their respective countries.

(1) wrap up v.掩饰, 伪装, 使全神贯注
(2) promote[prE5mEJt]vt.促进, 发扬, 提升, 提拔, 晋升为
(3) colonialism[kE5lEJnIElIz(E)m]n.殖民主义
(4) apartheid[E5pB:theIt]n.(南非)种族隔离
(5) parliament[5pB:lEmEnt]n.国会, 议会
(6) adopt[E5dRpt]vt.采用, 收养
(7) ambitious[Am5bIFEs]adj.有雄心的, 野心勃勃的
(8) pledge[pledV]n.保证, 誓言, 抵押, 抵押品vt.保证, 使发誓, 抵押
(9) sustain[sE5steIn]vt.支撑, 撑住, 维持, 持续
(10) infant[5InfEnt]n.婴儿, 幼儿adj.婴儿的, 幼稚的
(11) mortality[mC:5tAlItI]n.死亡率
(12) strategy[5strAtIdVI]n.策略, 军略
(13) reversed[rI`v:st]v.翻转adj.颠倒的
(14) communicable[kE5mju:nIkEb(E)l]adj.可传达的, 会传染的
(15) stipulate[5stIpjJleIt]v.规定, 保证
(16) precondition[pri:kEn5dIF(E)n]n.前提v.预处理

 

1 unity   

n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调

参考例句：

• When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
• We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

2 inaugural   

adj.就职的；n.就职典礼

参考例句：

• We listened to the President's inaugural speech on the radio yesterday.昨天我们通过无线电听了总统的就职演说。
• Professor Pearson gave the inaugural lecture in the new lecture theatre.皮尔逊教授在新的阶梯讲堂发表了启用演说。

3 transformation   

n.变化；改造；转变

参考例句：

• Going to college brought about a dramatic transformation in her outlook.上大学使她的观念发生了巨大的变化。
• He was struggling to make the transformation from single man to responsible husband.他正在努力使自己由单身汉变为可靠的丈夫。

4 brokered   

adj.由权力经纪人安排（或控制）的v.做掮客（或中人等）( broker的过去式和过去分词 )；作为权力经纪人进行谈判；以中间人等身份安排…

参考例句：

• a peace plan brokered by the UN 由联合国出面协商的和平计划
• Your husband brokered the deal to go in, transfrer the assets and get our man out. 你丈夫后来插了一脚，把生意都抢了过去，我们的人也被挤了出来。 来自电影对白

5 consolidate   

v.使加固，使加强；(把...)联为一体，合并

参考例句：

• The two banks will consolidate in July next year. 这两家银行明年7月将合并。
• The government hoped to consolidate ten states to form three new ones.政府希望把十个州合并成三个新的州。

6 enroll   

v.招收；登记；入学；参军；成为会员（英)enrol

参考例句：

• I should like to enroll all my children in the swimming class.我愿意让我的孩子们都参加游泳班。
• They enroll him as a member of the club.他们吸收他为俱乐部会员。

7 maternal   

adj.母亲的，母亲般的，母系的，母方的

参考例句：

• He is my maternal uncle.他是我舅舅。
• The sight of the hopeless little boy aroused her maternal instincts.那个绝望的小男孩的模样唤起了她的母性。

8 implement   

n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行

参考例句：

• Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。
• The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

9 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。