215 印度奥里萨邦州进行灾后重建工作

215 印度奥里萨邦州进行灾后重建工作

India's Orissa State Struggles to Recover from Flooding
Anjana Pasricha
New Delhi
22 Jul 2001 12:03 UTC

Heavy flooding in the eastern Indian state of Orissa has left 48 people dead and affected¹ more than six million people. The 1)flood waters are receding², but millions of people are still in need of help.
Heavy 2)monsoon³ rains in the past week triggered the 3)massive flooding, as the Mahanadi River and its tributaries⁴ overflowed⁵ their banks and 4)deluged more than 10,000 villages in Orissa, one of India's poorest states.
Authorities say nearly half-a-million people are homeless. Many mud homes have been washed away, and thousands of people are using 5)makeshift plastic 6)shelters on roadsides. Many others are living in partly submerged homes. The vast 7)tracts of water have also covered thousands of hectares of 8)paddy fields.
Army, navy and air force troops are helping⁶ civilian⁷ authorities in 9)rescue and relief operations. Military helicopters are dropping food packets and water pouches⁸ to remote villages, where millions of people are without fresh drinking water or adequate food supplies. With the flood waters 10)receding, government boats are also being used to ferry emergency aid.
Officials say water levels in most rivers have dropped slightly, easing fears of fresh floods and allowing authorities to 11)concentrate on rescue and 12)relief operations. But many villagers say aid has yet to reach them.
Special Relief Commissioner⁹ HK Panda has called the floods "a huge crisis" for the state. Senior state officials have appealed for federal help.
Orissa's resident commissioner in Delhi Ujjal Singh Bhatia says at the moment, authorities are concentrating on meeting the basic needs of the flood 13)victims. "It's basically shelter and food, he said. "Food is now being dropped and supplied. We are supplying tents and 14)tarpaulins also. About 2,000-3,000 tents have now been moved from Gujarat and Delhi, and some have been arranged locally."
Relief officials are also 15)gearing up to cope with the outbreak of water borne diseases. The monsoon rains have been unusually heavy this year, and the forecast is for more rain in coming days.
Orissa has been battered¹⁰ by several disasters in recent years. Two years ago, the state was hit by a massive 16)cyclone that killed nearly 10,000 people. This was followed by a drought that adversely¹¹ affected the state's largely rural economy.

(1) flood[flQd]n.洪水, 水灾vt.淹没, 使泛滥vi.被水淹, 溢出
(2) monsoon[mRn5su:n]n.季候风, (印度等地的)雨季, 季风
(3) massive[5mAsIv]adj.厚重的, 大块的, 魁伟的, 结实的
(4) deluge[5delju:dV]n.洪水, 豪雨v.使泛滥, 淹, 浸, 压倒
(5) makeshift[5meIkFIft]n.将就, 凑合adj.权宜之计的, 凑合的
(6) shelter[5FeltE(r)]n.掩蔽处, 身避处, 掩蔽, 保护v.掩蔽, 躲避
(7) tract[trAkt]n.广阔的地面, 土地, 地方, 地域
(8) paddy[`pAdI]n.稻, 谷
(9) rescue[5reskju:]vt.援救, 营救n.援救, 营救
(10) recede[rI5si:d]v.后退
(11) concentrate on v.集中, 全神贯注于
(12) relief[rI5li:f]n.(痛苦等的)减轻,救济, 调剂, 安慰
(13) victim[5vIktIm]n.受害人, 牺牲者, 牺牲品
(14) tarpaulin[tB:5pC:lIn]n.防水油布
(15) gear up v.使换快档, 促进, 增加
(16) cyclone[5saIklEJn]n.旋风, 飓风, 暴风, 龙卷风

 

1 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

2 receding   

v.逐渐远离( recede的现在分词 )；向后倾斜；自原处后退或避开别人的注视；尤指问题

参考例句：

• Desperately he struck out after the receding lights of the yacht. 游艇的灯光渐去渐远，他拼命划水追赶。 来自辞典例句
• Sounds produced by vehicles receding from us seem lower-pitched than usual. 渐渐远离我们的运载工具发出的声似乎比平常的音调低。 来自辞典例句

3 monsoon   

n.季雨，季风，大雨

参考例句：

• The monsoon rains started early this year.今年季雨降雨开始得早。
• The main climate type in that region is monsoon.那个地区主要以季风气候为主要气候类型。

4 tributaries   

n. 支流

参考例句：

• In such areas small tributaries or gullies will not show. 在这些地区，小的支流和冲沟显示不出来。
• These tributaries are subsequent streams which erode strike valley. 这些支流系即为蚀出走向谷的次生河。

5 overflowed   

溢出的

参考例句：

• Plates overflowed with party food. 聚会上的食物碟满盘盈。
• A great throng packed out the theater and overflowed into the corridors. 一大群人坐满剧院并且还有人涌到了走廊上。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

7 civilian   

adj.平民的，民用的，民众的

参考例句：

• There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
• He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。

8 pouches   

n.（放在衣袋里或连在腰带上的）小袋( pouch的名词复数 )；（袋鼠等的）育儿袋；邮袋；（某些动物贮存食物的）颊袋

参考例句：

• Pouches are a peculiarity of marsupials. 腹袋是有袋动物的特色。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Under my eyes the pouches were heavy. 我眼睛下的眼袋很深。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 commissioner   

n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员

参考例句：

• The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
• He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。

10 battered   

adj.磨损的；v.连续猛击；磨损

参考例句：

• He drove up in a battered old car.他开着一辆又老又破的旧车。
• The world was brutally battered but it survived.这个世界遭受了惨重的创伤,但它还是生存下来了。

11 adversely   

ad.有害地

参考例句：

• We commented adversely upon the imbecility of that message of telegraphic style. 我们对着这条电报式的愚蠢的留言发泄了一通不满。
• Widely fluctuating exchange rates may adversely affect international trade. 浮动幅度很大的汇率可能会对国际贸易产生有害的影响。