VOA常速英语2017--美国呼吁北约成员国增大国防支出

The United States remains¹ committed to revitalizing NATO so it can meet today's security needs while maintaining the fundamental principle of Article 5 — that an attack on one is an attack on all, said the U.S. Ambassador to NATO Kay Bailey Hutchison.

美国始终致力于复兴北约，这样，北约就能在满足当今时代安全需求的同时，维护根本性的原则，即第5条款——对一个成员国的攻击就是对整个北约的攻击，美国驻北约大使凯如是说道。

A renaissance² of NATO offers the best hope to unite the United States and its Western Allies against threats including Russian aggression³ in Europe, including Georgia and Ukraine, Russian malign⁴ influence activities, international terrorism, nuclear and missile capacities of rogue⁵ nations, and efforts to wipe out religious and individual freedoms around the globe.

北约的新生是将美国与其西方盟友联合起来抵抗威胁的最大希望所在，这威胁来自俄罗斯对欧洲（包括格鲁吉亚、乌克兰）的侵略、俄罗斯从事的恶意影响活动、国际恐怖主义、流氓国家具备核导弹能力、破坏全球宗教自由与个人自由的势力。

NATO is the most successful alliance in world history, said Ambassador Hutchison. It was founded on the conviction that by joining together, the democracies of Europe and North America could best deter⁶ and counter Communist expansion.

大使凯表示，北约是世界历史上最成功的联盟。其成立的前提信念是，通过协力合作，欧洲和北美洲的民主是抵制共产主义扩张的最好方式。

The collapse⁷ of the Soviet⁸ Union in the 1990s led to a brief era of good feelings as security concerns appeared less important and many nations reduced their defense⁹ investments.

20世纪90年代苏联解体后，出现了一个短暂的怡然自得时期——安全方面的顾虑变得不那么重要，因而很多国家减少了他们在国防方面的支出。

But those days are long gone, said Ambassador Hutchison. New security challenges have appeared in the form of Russia's military aggression in Ukraine and Georgia. Terrorism has dramatically grown as a worldwide threat, including in Europe, as the recent attack in Spain demonstrated.

但大使凯表示，这样的日子已经一去不复返了。一些新的安全挑战以俄罗斯军事入侵的形式出现在乌克兰和格鲁吉亚。恐怖主义骤然成为包括欧洲在内的全球性的威胁，这一点从西班牙最近遭遇的袭击中可见一斑。

As an essential part of this revitalization, NATO Allies must meet the defense-spending pledge made at the 2014 Summit in Wales — namely, 2 percent of gross domestic product, of which 20 percent is spent on major equipment and modernization¹⁰. This is necessary, said Ambassador Hutchison, because their own security and our collective security require it.

作为北约复兴的重要组成部分，北约各个成员国必须满足其在2014威尔士峰会期间做出的有关国防支出的承诺——将GDP总量的2%用于国防，并将国防支出的20%用于大型设备和现代化建设。大使凯表示，这是有必要的，因为无论是每个成员国的安全还是整个北约的安全都倚仗着这部分支出。

Under NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg's leadership, Allies agreed to outline concrete plans for reaching this two percent military spending goal. In June, Allies individually agreed to take on, for the first time, the full set of military capability¹¹ targets assigned to them by NATO.

在北约秘书长延斯 斯托尔滕贝格的领导下，各个成员国同意制定具体方案来实现这个2%军事支出的目标。6月，各成员国首次全部同意承担由北约分派给他们的整套构建军事能力的目标。

The United States remains committed to the collective defense mission of NATO. President Trump¹² has proposed spending nearly $4.8 billion on the European Deterrence¹³ Initiative, an effort to shore up security in NATO's eastern edge, as a demonstration¹⁴ of the United States' will to defend its Allies. As Ambassador Hutchinson stressed, twenty-nine Western democracies are far more effective at ensuring our security than one country acting¹⁵ alone.

美国始终致力于联合国的整体国防任务。总统特朗普已提出支出近48亿美元用于欧洲威慑计划，该计划旨在巩固北约东部边缘的安全形势。同时，此举也证明了美国捍卫其盟友利益的意愿。正如大使凯所指出的那样，29个西方民主国家若是能一起捍卫我们的安全，那效果要远远好于一个国家单枪匹马。

1 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

2 renaissance   

n.复活，复兴，文艺复兴

参考例句：

• The Renaissance was an epoch of unparalleled cultural achievement.文艺复兴是一个文化上取得空前成就的时代。
• The theme of the conference is renaissance Europe.大会的主题是文艺复兴时期的欧洲。

3 aggression   

n.进攻，侵略，侵犯，侵害

参考例句：

• So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression.只要我们紧密地团结，就不必惧怕外来侵略。
• Her view is that aggression is part of human nature.她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。

4 malign   

adj.有害的；恶性的；恶意的；v.诽谤，诬蔑

参考例句：

• It was easy to see why the cartoonists regularly portrayed him as a malign cherub.难怪漫画家总是把他画成一个邪恶的小天使。
• She likes to malign innocent persons.她爱诋毁那些清白的人。

5 rogue   

n.流氓；v.游手好闲

参考例句：

• The little rogue had his grandpa's glasses on.这淘气鬼带上了他祖父的眼镜。
• They defined him as a rogue.他们确定他为骗子。

6 deter   

vt.阻止，使不敢，吓住

参考例句：

• Failure did not deter us from trying it again.失败并没有能阻挡我们再次进行试验。
• Dogs can deter unwelcome intruders.狗能够阻拦不受欢迎的闯入者。

7 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

8 Soviet   

adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃

参考例句：

• Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
• Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。

9 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

10 modernization   

n.现代化，现代化的事物

参考例句：

• This will help us achieve modernization.这有助于我们实现现代化。
• The Chinese people are sure to realize the modernization of their country.中国人民必将实现国家现代化。

11 capability   

n.能力；才能；(pl)可发展的能力或特性等

参考例句：

• She has the capability to become a very fine actress.她有潜力成为杰出演员。
• Organizing a whole department is beyond his capability.组织整个部门是他能力以外的事。

12 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

13 deterrence   

威慑，制止； 制止物，制止因素； 挽留的事物； 核威慑

参考例句：

• An extreme school of "disarmers" pronounced stable deterrence was a dangerous deception. “裁军论者”中的极端派声称，稳定的威摄是一种危险的骗局。
• Escalation is thus an aspect of deterrence and of crisis management. 因此逐步升级是威慑和危机处理的一个方面。

14 demonstration   

n.表明，示范，论证，示威

参考例句：

• His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
• He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。

15 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。