未来NBA劳资协议下的薪金空间

 　　The NBA and NBA Players Union are nearing labor¹ peace, working towards an extension of the Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA) by December 15.

　　NBA和NBA球员工会即将迎来一段劳资和平时期，双方都努力在12月15日之前延长劳资协议。

　　The goal for both the owners and players is to reach a new, long-term deal early, avoiding a lockout next summer.

　　为了避免下个夏天可能遭遇的停摆，尽早达成一份新的并且长期的协议成为了老板和球员们的共同目标。

　　Exact details of an agreement that has yet to be reached are obviously unavailable, but some of the working concepts have leaked.

　　目前还尚不得知新合同的具体细节，但是一些条例已经流出。

　　The basic split of basketball related income (BRI) is expected to remain unchanged from the 49-51 percent band in the current deal.

　　例如篮球相关收入（BRI）的基本分配预计不会改变，保持在49%~51之间，和目前的劳资协议持平。

　　The sooner a new CBA can be hashed out, the better for teams who need to make decisions based on salary-cap projections³ for the offseason and the summers to come.

　　越快达成新劳资协议，对那些需要基于休赛期和未来夏天的工资帽估算作出决定的球队来说就越有利。

　　Leading up to previous lockout years, teams were essentially⁴ working in the dark, hoping future rule changes wouldn't blow up their plans.

　　在之前的停摆年，球队的工作基本都如履薄冰，希望未来规则上的改变不会打乱他们的计划。

　　With a new deal arriving, likely well before the February 23 trade deadline, teams should have the necessary information to plan ahead.

　　随着新协议的签订，各只球队都会赶在2月23日交易截止日来临之前收集必要的信息，未雨绸缪，提前做好计划。

　　未来NBA劳资协议下的薪金空间

　　Already, the NBA raised its cap projection² for the 2017-18 season to $103 million, with a $123 million luxury-tax threshold.

　　NBA已经上调2017-18赛季的工资帽至1.03亿美元，奢侈税的门槛将达到1.23亿美元。

　　The league had originally predicted a $107 million cap, but rolled it back to $102 million when teams began to spend at such a high level in July.

　　联盟原本预计1.07亿美元的工资帽，但由于各支球队在7月份时大肆花销，所以将其降至1.02亿美元。

　　That extra million in cap may not be enough to offset⁵ some of the prospective⁶ rule changes that could additionally limit spending power.

　　工资帽内的剩余薪金不足以抵消一些未来规则上的改变，由此引发会是锁死球队的薪金空间。

　　The working assumption is that minimum salaries, exceptions and rookie-scale contracts for first-round picks will jump by roughly 50 percent.

　　目前合理的假设是将球队最低工资、交易特例和首轮秀合同增加约50%。

　　When calculating cap space, teams are charged a rookie-minimum salary for every open roster⁷ spot through 12 players. The current CBA dictates⁸ next season's minimum to be $562,493, but it could scale up by 50 percent to $843,740.

　　当计算帽空间时，如果12人球员名单存在空缺，球队需要为每个空缺支付最低新秀合同。目前的劳资协议规定，下个赛季的最低工资是56.2493万美元，而其可能涨幅50%，达到84.3740万美元。

　　A team with eight players would have $1.1 million total in four roster charges based on the current rules. That would jump to $2.2 million with a higher minimum salary—offsetting a $1 million bump in the NBA's salary cap.

　　基于现在的规则，如果一只球队有八名球员，则将会为四个球员名单上的空缺支付总共110万美元。而更高的最低工资，将会导致其增长至220万美元，抵消了100万美元的工资帽增幅。

　　Similarly, the top overall pick in the 2017 NBA Draft has a rookie-scale salary of $5.1 million for next season. If the new CBA raises that by 50 percent as well, the player would take up $7.6 million unsigned.

　　同样，2017年的NBA状元秀在下个赛季将会拿到510万美元的薪水，而如果新的劳资协议生效，其将会增长50%至760万美元，如果未签约同样计入球队工资。

　　Teams currently have the latitude⁹ to pay up to 120 percent of that scale amount, which is why some franchises¹¹ delay signing their first-rounders until after they've used every-last bit of salary cap space.

　　球队目前仅有能力支付这些薪水的120%，这也就是为什么一些球队在没有充分利用工资帽空间前推迟签约他们的首轮秀。

　　Exceptions also count against the cap. Teams that might have had $7.8 million in cap this past summer would technically¹² be over by virtue¹³ of the Mid-Level Exception ($5.6 million) and Bi-Annual Exception ($2.2 million).

　　另外，交易特例也会对工资帽造成不利。过去的这个夏天，球队本可能有780万美元的空间，用其可以对中产特例（560万美元）和双年特例（220万美元）进行操作。

　　In that situation, the exceptions could have been renounced¹⁴ to allow the team to sign a player at $7.8 million. Otherwise the team could stay over and use the exceptions to sign two or more players at a combined $7.8 million.

　　这种情况下，球队可以放弃使用特例。否则的话，球队可以保留这些特例，用780万美元签下2名甚至更多名球员。

　　Factoring in a 50 percent bump, the Mid-Level would climb to $8.7 million and the Bi-Annual to $3.4 million.

　　考虑到50%的涨幅，中产和双年特例将会分别增至870万美元和340万美元。

　　Together, teams over the cap would have $12.1 million in spending power to spend, with $8.7 million being the most they could give in starting salary to a single player.

　　球队会有共计1210万的帽上空间去签约球员，他们能给一名球员的最高起始工资为870万美元。

　　A team that might be $12.1 million under the cap would have the choice of staying over with their exceptions.

　　一支球队可能在工资帽下有1210万美元的空间，则可以选择保留他们的交易特例。

　　Maximum salaries may stay flat, given how much they've jumped with the NBA's current $94.1 million salary cap, but the criteria¹⁵ may change.

　　考虑到目前NBA的工资帽已经涨到了9410万美元，顶薪可能会与之前持平，然而规则也许会改变。

　　Currently, players with up to six years of experience project to max at $24.2 million, those with seven to nine top out at $29 million and 10 or more would start at about $33.9 million.

　　当前，对于在联盟效力0-6年的球员，那么他能拿到的顶新为2420万美元，那些7-9年的球员会拿到超过2900万美元，十年及以上是大约3390万美元。

　　Another key factor in determining space is the various formulae to determine a free agent's cap hold. When a player's contract expires, they still take up salary cap space on a team's books until they're re-signed, renounced or ink with another franchise¹⁰.

　　确定薪金空间的另外一个关键因素是各种计算到期自由球员薪水的规则。当一名球员的合同到期，他的薪水仍然会占据球队的薪金，直到他们续约，离开球队或者和其他球队签约。

　　The new CBA is expected to raise the cap hold for players at the end of rookie-scale contracts.

　　新的劳资协议预计会提升新秀合同到期球员的工资所占球队薪水的比例。圣

　　Instead of giving Kawhi Leonard an extension, which would have limited the San Antonio Spurs' spending power in 2015, the team let him become a restricted free agent with a $7.2 million cap hold.

　　安东尼奥马刺队没有提前续约科怀-伦纳德，如果续约的话将会锁死马刺队2015年的薪金空间，所以球队让他成为了一名受限制自由球员，并且占了720万美元的空间。

　　After using their space to bring in LaMarcus Aldridge, the Spurs gave Leonard a deal starting at $16.4 million. That $7.2 million would jump to $8.7 million (300 percent of his previous salary instead of 250 percent).

　　在使用剩余空间签下了拉马库斯-阿尔德里奇后，马刺队和伦纳德达成一份起薪1640万美元的合同。而在新的劳资协议下，伦纳德到期合同所占的720万美元将会增至870万美元（由之前的薪水的250%变为300%）。

　　Victor Oladipo's cap hold would have been $19.7 million next summer at 300 percent of his $6.6 million salary (up from $16.4 million). Instead, the Oklahoma City Thunder gave him an extension starting at $21.0 million.

　　维克托-奥拉迪波的合同在下个夏天将会占1970万美元的薪金空间（250%时为1640万美元），是其660万美元工资的300%，而俄克拉荷马雷霆以2100万美元的起薪合同和他续约。

　　As far as standard free agents not coming off rookie-scale deals, it's unclear if the cap holds will climb, and if so by how much?

　　至于没有履行完新秀合同的完全自由球员，还不清楚其薪水所占工资帽比例是否有提升，如果有的话，增长多少也不得而知。

　　Finally, the new agreement is not likely to contain another amnesty clause, a mechanism¹⁶ in the current CBA to erase¹⁷ a single contract from a team's cap (although the player still receives their salary).

　　最后，新协议不太可能会包含新的特赦条款，当前的劳资协议下的特赦条款可以使一名球员的工资不计入工资总额（即使球队仍然要支付给球员薪水）。

　　The following is an estimate of the maximum cap space teams would have if they let all their free agents go. Rookie-scale contracts and empty roster charges are multiplied by a factor of 1.5.

　　下面的表格是在球队和他们所有的自由球员都不签约的情况下，对其最大薪资空间的估计。新秀合同和球员名单空缺薪资都乘以了1.5。

　　The working assumption is that teams will finish in the same draft order as last season. Obviously, that won't be the case, but it's just a bit too early in the year to take the standings seriously.

　　目前的假设是球队的选秀顺位和上赛季相同。显而易见，今年情况肯定会不同于上赛季，但是现在来仔细地预测排名有点为时过早。

　　Teams can make trades or buy-out players to open up additional cap space.

　　球队可以用过交易或者买断球员来腾出薪金空间。

　　Several players have non-guaranteed salary, or team/player options. In most cases, to get to maximum cap room, the assumption is all players without 100 percent locked in salary are off the books.

　　一些球员获得的是非保障合同或者是球队/球员选项。大多数情况下，为了得到最大的薪金空间，我们假设那些薪水没有百分之百确定的球员不会计入球队工资。

1 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

2 projection   

n.发射，计划，突出部分

参考例句：

• Projection takes place with a minimum of awareness or conscious control.投射在最少的知觉或意识控制下发生。
• The projection of increases in number of house-holds is correct.对户数增加的推算是正确的。

3 projections   

预测( projection的名词复数 )； 投影； 投掷； 突起物

参考例句：

• Their sales projections are a total thumbsuck. 他们的销售量预测纯属估计。
• The council has revised its projections of funding requirements upwards. 地方议会调高了对资金需求的预测。

4 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

5 offset   

n.分支，补偿；v.抵消，补偿

参考例句：

• Their wage increases would be offset by higher prices.他们增加的工资会被物价上涨所抵消。
• He put up his prices to offset the increased cost of materials.他提高了售价以补偿材料成本的增加。

6 prospective   

adj.预期的，未来的，前瞻性的

参考例句：

• The story should act as a warning to other prospective buyers.这篇报道应该对其他潜在的购买者起到警示作用。
• They have all these great activities for prospective freshmen.这会举办各种各样的活动来招待未来的新人。

7 roster   

n.值勤表，花名册

参考例句：

• The teacher checked the roster to see whom he would teach this year.老师查看花名册，想了解今年要教的学生。
• The next day he put himself first on the new roster for domestic chores.第二天，他把自己排在了新的家务值日表的第一位。

8 dictates   

n.命令，规定，要求( dictate的名词复数 )v.大声讲或读( dictate的第三人称单数 )；口授；支配；摆布

参考例句：

• Convention dictates that a minister should resign in such a situation. 依照常规部长在这种情况下应该辞职。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He always follows the dictates of common sense. 他总是按常识行事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 latitude   

n.纬度，行动或言论的自由(范围)，(pl.)地区

参考例句：

• The latitude of the island is 20 degrees south.该岛的纬度是南纬20度。
• The two cities are at approximately the same latitude.这两个城市差不多位于同一纬度上。

10 franchise   

n.特许，特权，专营权，特许权

参考例句：

• Catering in the schools is run on a franchise basis.学校餐饮服务以特许权经营。
• The United States granted the franchise to women in 1920.美国于1920年给妇女以参政权。

11 franchises   

n.（尤指选举议员的）选举权( franchise的名词复数 )；参政权；获特许权的商业机构（或服务）；（公司授予的）特许经销权v.给…以特许权，出售特许权( franchise的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• TV franchises will be auctioned to the highest bidder. 电视特许经营权将拍卖给出价最高的投标人。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Ford dealerships operated as independent franchises. 福特汽车公司的代销商都是独立的联营商。 来自辞典例句

12 technically   

adv.专门地，技术上地

参考例句：

• Technically it is the most advanced equipment ever.从技术上说，这是最先进的设备。
• The tomato is technically a fruit,although it is eaten as a vegetable.严格地说，西红柿是一种水果，尽管它是当作蔬菜吃的。

13 virtue   

n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力

参考例句：

• He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。
• You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。

14 renounced   

v.声明放弃( renounce的过去式和过去分词 )；宣布放弃；宣布与…决裂；宣布摒弃

参考例句：

• We have renounced the use of force to settle our disputes. 我们已再次宣布放弃使用武力来解决争端。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Andrew renounced his claim to the property. 安德鲁放弃了财产的所有权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

15 criteria   

n.标准

参考例句：

• The main criterion is value for money.主要的标准是钱要用得划算。
• There are strict criteria for inclusion in the competition.参赛的标准很严格。

16 mechanism   

n.机械装置；机构，结构

参考例句：

• The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
• The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。

17 erase   

v.擦掉；消除某事物的痕迹

参考例句：

• He tried to erase the idea from his mind.他试图从头脑中抹掉这个想法。
• Please erase my name from the list.请把我的名字从名单上擦去。