温州一小步 住宅土地使用权免费续期

 　　BEIJING — China has clarified for the first time a closely watched issue over land rights that has caused uncertainty¹ for the millions of Chinese who park their wealth in their homes.

　　北京——中国首次澄清了公众密切关注的一个土地使用权问题。数以百万计的中国人将财富投入到了房产上，这个问题一直让他们感到很不踏实。

　　Chinese officials said that a group of homeowners in the eastern city of Wenzhou would not have to pay a fee to extend the rights to the land under their residences. Homeowners in China own their actual dwellings² but not the land underneath³ them. All land in China is owned by the government, which parcels it out to developers and homeowners through 20- to 70-year leases.

　　中国官员说，东部城市温州的一群房主不必支付费用来续期住房的土地使用权。中国的房主拥有的是住房本身，但不拥有住房下面的土地。中国的所有土地都属于政府，政府把土地出租给开发商和房主，租期20~70年不等。

　　In Wenzhou, the local government had told some homeowners whose 20-year leases had expired that they would have to pay a hefty fee to renew, and the situation there was being monitored closely across the country. Many Chinese homeowners — a bedrock of the country’s economy and growing consumer sector⁴ — worried that they would have to pay dearly to keep using the land under their homes.

　　在温州，地方政府曾告诉一些20年租约已到期的房主，他们必须支付大笔费用来续期，这引起了全国的密切关注。房地产是中国经济的一块基石，也是一个日益增长的消费门类，中国的很多房主都担心自己必须付出大笔金钱，才能继续使用住房下面的土地。

　　The decision — announced on Friday by Wang Guanghua, China’s vice⁵ minister of land and resources — stops short of providing homeowners all over the country a clear legal framework on their land ownership rights. Nevertheless, it could set a precedent⁶ that would pave the way for similar moves in other cities.

　　这个决定是国土资源部副部长王广华在上周五宣布的，它没有为全国各地的房主提供一个明确的土地所有权法律框架。不过它可以成为一个先例，为其他城市的类似举措铺平道路。

　　At a news conference, Mr. Wang said that the measures were temporary and that the government was working on “relevant legal arrangements” for those holding 70-year leases, according to a transcript⁷ of the briefing on the ministry’s website. Much of China’s residential⁸ land is covered by 70-year leases.

　　根据该部网站上的文稿，王广华在一次记者招待会上表示，这些措施是暂时的，政府正在为那些持有70年租约者“作出法律安排”。中国大部分的住宅用地使用期限都为70年。

　　The issue of land ownership rights came into focus in Wenzhou in April after the local government demanded that homeowners whose land-use rights had expired after 20 years pay fees of up to a third of the value of their homes before they could sell their apartments. The decision provoked protests from property owners in Wenzhou, a coastal⁹ city of eight million that was one of the first to set up private enterprise after the government opened up the economy in the late 1970s.

　　今年4月，土地所有权问题在温州成为了一个关注重点，因为地方政府要求，土地使用权20年到期的房主需要缴纳房价的三分之一，才能出售住房。该决定引发了当地房主的抗议。温州是一个800万人口的沿海城市，是中国政府1970年代末开放经济后首批建立私营企业的城市之一。

　　Xinhua, the main state news agency, hailed the government’s decision, calling it “one small step for Wenzhou, one giant leap for China.” Global Times, a nationalist tabloid¹⁰ owned by People’s Daily, the Chinese Communist Party’s official newspaper, said it was “the biggest news of the year.”

　　官方通讯社新华社赞扬了政府的这个决定，称之为“温州一小步，中国一大步”。中国共产党党报《人民日报》旗下的民族主义小报《环球时报》说，这是“本年度最重大的消息”。

　　Land-use rights are set to expire in the cities of Qingdao, Jinan and Shenzhen, according to Xinhua.

　　据新华社报道，在青岛，济南和深圳等城市，很多居民的住宅土地使用权也将要过期。

　　The measures “conform to the expectations of the masses,” Xinhua said in a commentary on Saturday.

　　新华社星期六在一篇评论中说，这些措施“顺应了群众的期盼”。

　　“For all citizens, it is transmitting spring’s first glow of warm air,” it said.

　　“对于所有公民来说，是传递春天信息的最早一缕暖风，”文章写道。

　　The number of residents affected¹¹ by the 20-year land-use rights in Wenzhou is relatively¹² small. China Youth Daily, a state-run news outlet¹³, said that about 600 households had 20-year leases that expire next year and 1,700 others by 2019. But their property transactions have been in limbo¹⁴ because of the uncertainty over their land-use rights.

　　温州20年土地使用权影响的居民人数相对较少。官方新闻媒体《中国青年报》报道，约有600户家庭的20年租约将在明年到期，2019年还有1700户。但由于土地使用权的不确定性，他们的房产交易一直处在尴尬境地。

　　In 2007, China moved to reassure¹⁵ homeowners by requiring that local governments renew 70-year leases automatically. Yet the law did not make clear whether homeowners would have to pay for the renewal¹⁶ or what would happen to those with shorter leases.

　　2007年时，中国为了安抚房主，要求地方政府为70年使用权自动续期。然而，该法律没有明确房主是否需要为续期付费，以及租赁时间较短的房主会面临怎样的问题。

　　China has one of the highest rates of homeownership in the world, about 90 percent. Many people see it as a good investment in a country that has not experienced a sustained housing slump¹⁷. Homeownership also plays a social role: Buying a home is widely seen as part of getting married. And in the past two decades since the government has allowed private homeownership, many people rushed to buy homes without thinking of the legal issues governing their limited land-use rights.

　　中国是世界上自住房比率最高的国家之一，约为90%。该国没有经历过楼市的持续低迷，很多人认为房产是一项好投资。住房所有权也扮演了社会角色：公众广泛认为结婚的时候需要购房。自从20年前政府允许私人拥有住房以来，很多人都急于买房，并没有考虑到其有限的土地使用权涉及的法律问题。

　　A majority of them also expected that the government would grant them full ownership of their homes without repossession or a huge fee to renew their land rights. Those moves could hurt the Chinese property market and anger China’s middle class — an important constituency of the ruling Communist Party — that is richer, larger and more aware of its rights than ever before.

　　大多数购房者还认定，政府将让他们完全拥有自己的住房，不会收回土地使用权或是收取巨额续期费用。这些做法可能会冲击中国房地产市场，引发中产阶级的怒火——他们是执政党共产党的重要支持者，而且比以往任何时候都更富有、规模更大，对自己的权利也有更强烈的意识。

1 uncertainty   

n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物

参考例句：

• Her comments will add to the uncertainty of the situation.她的批评将会使局势更加不稳定。
• After six weeks of uncertainty,the strain was beginning to take its toll.6个星期的忐忑不安后，压力开始产生影响了。

2 dwellings   

n.住处，处所( dwelling的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The development will consist of 66 dwellings and a number of offices. 新建楼区将由66栋住房和一些办公用房组成。
• The hovels which passed for dwellings are being pulled down. 过去用作住室的陋屋正在被拆除。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 underneath   

adj.在...下面，在...底下；adv.在下面

参考例句：

• Working underneath the car is always a messy job.在汽车底下工作是件脏活。
• She wore a coat with a dress underneath.她穿着一件大衣，里面套着一条连衣裙。

4 sector   

n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形

参考例句：

• The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
• The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。

5 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

6 precedent   

n.先例，前例；惯例；adj.在前的，在先的

参考例句：

• Is there a precedent for what you want me to do?你要我做的事有前例可援吗？
• This is a wonderful achievement without precedent in Chinese history.这是中国历史上亘古未有的奇绩。

7 transcript   

n.抄本，誊本，副本，肄业证书

参考例句：

• A transcript of the tapes was presented as evidence in court.一份录音带的文字本作为证据被呈交法庭。
• They wouldn't let me have a transcript of the interview.他们拒绝给我一份采访的文字整理稿。

8 residential   

adj.提供住宿的；居住的；住宅的

参考例句：

• The mayor inspected the residential section of the city.市长视察了该市的住宅区。
• The residential blocks were integrated with the rest of the college.住宿区与学院其他部分结合在了一起。

9 coastal   

adj.海岸的，沿海的，沿岸的

参考例句：

• The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。
• This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加强沿海地区的防御。

10 tabloid   

adj.轰动性的，庸俗的；n.小报，文摘

参考例句：

• He launched into a verbal assault on tabloid journalism.他口头对小报新闻进行了抨击。
• He believes that the tabloid press has behaved disgracefully.他认为小报媒体的行为不太光彩。

11 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

12 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

13 outlet   

n.出口/路；销路；批发商店；通风口；发泄

参考例句：

• The outlet of a water pipe was blocked.水管的出水口堵住了。
• Running is a good outlet for his energy.跑步是他发泄过剩精力的好方法。

14 limbo   

n.地狱的边缘；监狱

参考例句：

• His life seemed stuck in limbo and he could not go forward and he could not go back.他的生活好像陷入了不知所措的境地，进退两难。
• I didn't know whether my family was alive or dead.I felt as if I was in limbo.我不知道家人是生是死，感觉自己茫然无措。

15 reassure   

v.使放心，使消除疑虑

参考例句：

• This seemed to reassure him and he continued more confidently.这似乎使他放心一点，于是他更有信心地继续说了下去。
• The airline tried to reassure the customers that the planes were safe.航空公司尽力让乘客相信飞机是安全的。

16 renewal   

adj.(契约)延期，续订，更新，复活，重来

参考例句：

• Her contract is coming up for renewal in the autumn.她的合同秋天就应该续签了。
• Easter eggs symbolize the renewal of life.复活蛋象征新生。

17 slump   

n.暴跌，意气消沉，（土地）下沉；vi.猛然掉落，坍塌，大幅度下跌

参考例句：

• She is in a slump in her career.她处在事业的低谷。
• Economists are forecasting a slump.经济学家们预言将发生经济衰退。