中国气候谈判代表:发达国家未兑现援助承诺

 　　A gap of at least $40bn in financing commitments is hampering¹ efforts to combat climate change, signatories to the Paris agreement have warned, as they try to keep the agreement going in the face of doubts over US support under President Donald Trump².

　　巴黎协定签约方警告称，融资承诺方面至少达400亿美元的缺口正在破坏应对气候变化的努力。在外界对唐纳德?特朗普(Donald Trump)治下的美国是否支持巴黎协定感到疑虑的背景下，各签约方继续努力推进该协定。

　　Disputes over who will foot the bill comes as the Trump administration’s energy secretary, Rick Perry, scuppered a joint³ statement about climate change at a G7 energy meeting in Rome this week.

　　在出现围绕谁将埋单的争议之际，特朗普政府的能源部长里克?佩里(Rick Perry)本周在七国集团(G7)罗马能源会议上让关于气候变化的联合声明流产。

　　The Paris agreement to limit global temperature rises to under 2 degrees Celsius⁴ includes financial commitments from developed countries to help developing nations deal with climate change. Before its adoption⁵ it was agreed this amount should reach $100bn a year. However, it has been estimated that only $60bn has been committed so far.

　　力争将全球升温幅度限制在2摄氏度以下的巴黎协定中包括发达国家帮助发展中国家应对气候变化的财务承诺。在协定通过前，各方一致同意这一援助金额应达到每年1000亿美元。然而，据估计迄今援助承诺只达到了600亿美元。

　　Climate ministers from Europe, India, Brazil and South Africa have gone to Beijing in recent weeks, hoping to sustain momentum⁶ from the Paris talks despite the Trump administration’s dismantling⁷ of US regulations meant to limit American emissions⁸. But discussions have quickly run up against the issue of financing.

　　欧洲、印度、巴西和南非的气候部长们最近几周前往北京，希望维持巴黎谈判的势头，尽管特朗普政府废除了旨在限制美国排放的法规。但谈判很快遇到资金问题。

　　“Developed countries have not met their commitments. In their reports a lot of their commitment is in the form of development aid. That doesn’t meet the commitment to contribute to new funds,” China’s top climate change negotiator, Xie Zhenhua, told a briefing on Tuesday. “A lot of countries don’t want to chip in. I said to the European minister: that’s your problem as developed countries. It’s your responsibility to work together and sort it out.”

　　中国首席气候谈判代表解振华周二在记者招待会上表示：“发达国家没有兑现承诺。在他们所报告的资金总量中有很多是发展援助资金，不符合《（联合国气候变化框架）公约》新的额外资金的原则要求。有些国家可能不愿意出这个钱了。这件事我和欧盟气候专员交换意见时讲了，这件任务是发达国家的。发达国家内部要很好地协调，要兑现这个承诺。”

　　Mr Xie’s meeting with Miguel Arias⁹ Ca?ete, the European commissioner¹⁰ for climate action and energy, in Beijing two weeks ago involved “uncharted waters” regarding “differences in approaches to climate financing”, Mr Ca?ete told the FT in an interview after their meeting.

　　两周前，欧盟气候行动与能源专员米格尔?阿里亚斯?卡涅特(Miguel Arias Ca?ete)在北京与解振华举行了会晤。卡涅特会后在接受英国《金融时报》采访时表示，会晤谈到了关于“气候融资方式差异”的“未知水域”。

　　“We are seeing there is a country, the largest in the world, that has announced policies that means they will never reach their targets,” he said, referring to the US. “Now that the US will not play the role [of a major partner] we are obliged to intensify¹¹ our efforts to develop the Paris agreement.”

　　他说：“我们看到，世界上最大的国家宣布了意味着他们将永远不会实现目标的政策。”他这里指的是美国。“既然美国不扮演（主要合作伙伴的）角色，那我们不得不加大努力落实巴黎协定。”

　　Beijing has aligned¹² itself with developing countries and does not count among contributors to the intended $100bn, although it has established a separate, $3.1bn “south-south co-operation fund”.

　　中国自认属于发展中国家，因此不用为1000亿美元援助承诺出资，尽管它另外设立了31亿美元的“南南合作基金”。

　　It views spending on infrastructure¹³ in developing countries as benefiting its own prowess in dam construction or wind turbine and solar panel manufacturing. Mr Xie said the scale of investment in equipment and infrastructure investment needed by 2030 would translate into “job opportunities”.

　　中国认为，投资发展中国家的基础设施会让中国在大坝建设或风力涡轮机和太阳能面板制造方面的技能受益。解振华表示，到2030年所需的设备投资规模和基础设施投资将带来“就业机会”。

　　Meanwhile, red tape prevents funds that have been committed from flowing to developing counties, said Ravi Prasad, India’s minister for environment, forest and climate change, calling the $60bn in commitments “highly suspicious” since the sum included previously¹⁴ allocated¹⁵ funds including aid. “When we go behind the numbers we find there has been a reclassification of the bilateral¹⁶ flows,” Mr Prasad said.

　　与此同时，印度环境、森林和气候变化部长拉维?普拉萨德(Ravi Prasad)表示，手续繁琐让承诺的资金很难流向发展中国家，他认为已承诺的600亿美元“极为可疑”，因为该数字包括早先已拨的资金，包括援助资金。普拉萨德表示：“当我们研究这些数字时，我们发现其中包括被重新分类的双边流动资金。”

　　Mr Xie said: “Enthusiasm isn’t the problem but there are some doubts. I believe other countries feel the same.”

　　解振华表示：“大家现在对气候变化进程的热情并没有减，但是都有一些疑虑。”

1 hampering   

妨碍，束缚，限制( hamper的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• So fraud on cows and development aid is seriously hampering growth. 因此在牛问题上和发展补助上的诈骗严重阻碍了发展。
• Short-termism, carbon-trading, disputing the science-are hampering the implementation of direct economically-led objectives. 短效主义，出售二氧化碳，进行科学辩论，这些都不利于实现以经济为主导的直接目标。

2 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

3 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

4 Celsius   

adj.摄氏温度计的，摄氏的

参考例句：

• The temperature tonight will fall to seven degrees Celsius.今晚气温将下降到七摄氏度。
• The maximum temperature in July may be 36 degrees Celsius.七月份最高温度可能达到36摄氏度。

5 adoption   

n.采用，采纳，通过；收养

参考例句：

• An adoption agency had sent the boys to two different families.一个收养机构把他们送给两个不同的家庭。
• The adoption of this policy would relieve them of a tremendous burden.采取这一政策会给他们解除一个巨大的负担。

6 momentum   

n.动力，冲力，势头；动量

参考例句：

• We exploit the energy and momentum conservation laws in this way.我们就是这样利用能量和动量守恒定律的。
• The law of momentum conservation could supplant Newton's third law.动量守恒定律可以取代牛顿第三定律。

7 dismantling   

（枪支）分解

参考例句：

• The new government set about dismantling their predecessors' legislation. 新政府正着手废除其前任所制定的法律。
• The dismantling of a nuclear reprocessing plant caused a leak of radioactivity yesterday. 昨天拆除核后处理工厂引起了放射物泄漏。

8 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

9 arias   

n.咏叹调( aria的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Can you pick out the operatic arias quoted in this orchestral passage? 你能听出这段管弦乐曲里有歌剧式的咏叹调吗？ 来自辞典例句
• The actions are large and colour, there are arias and recitatives. 动作夸张而华美，有唱段也有宣叙部。 来自辞典例句

10 commissioner   

n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员

参考例句：

• The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
• He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。

11 intensify   

vt.加强；变强；加剧

参考例句：

• We must intensify our educational work among our own troops.我们必须加强自己部队的教育工作。
• They were ordered to intensify their patrols to protect our air space.他们奉命加强巡逻，保卫我国的领空。

12 aligned   

adj.对齐的，均衡的

参考例句：

• Make sure the shelf is aligned with the top of the cupboard.务必使搁架与橱柜顶端对齐。

13 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

14 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

15 allocated   

adj. 分配的 动词allocate的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• The Ford Foundation allocated millions of dollars for cancer research. 福特基金会拨款数百万美元用于癌症研究。
• More funds will now be allocated to charitable organizations. 现在会拨更多的资金给慈善组织。

16 bilateral   

adj.双方的，两边的，两侧的

参考例句：

• They have been negotiating a bilateral trade deal.他们一直在商谈一项双边贸易协定。
• There was a wide gap between the views of the two statesmen on the bilateral cooperation.对双方合作的问题，两位政治家各自所持的看法差距甚大。