2015年经济学人 德国政治 消失的极右领袖

German politics

Gone boy on the right

How an anti-foreigner, anti-establishment group is changing German politics

Bachmann: only joking, honest

THE march on January 19th in Dresden by Pegida, or “Patriotic Europeans against the Islamisation of the Occident”, would have been its 13th.

But it was cancelled because the police had “concrete” information of plans to assassinate¹ its organiser, Lutz Bachmann.

On January 21st Mr Bachmann was exposed in German tabloids² for posing as Hitler on his Facebook page.

He called it a joke, but later resigned his position. Pegida plans to resume its marches next week.

Among its followers³, despite Mr Bachmann's antics, neo-Nazis⁵ are a small minority.

The typical marcher is a middle-aged⁶, middle-class Saxon man who, says Hans Vorl?nder at the Technical University of Dresden,

is alienated⁷ from politics and the liberal media, and yearns⁸ for a homogenous⁹ fatherland.

The marches may have “passed the peak”, adds Dieter Rucht at the Berlin Social Science Centre.

Yet there will be political fallout. Nine-tenths of Pegida supporters back the Alternative for Germany (AfD),

founded only in 2013 and represented in three eastern state parliaments.

The AfD began with an anti-euro message. Some leaders, such as Hans- Olaf Henkel, from Hamburg, want to keep it that way.

But, especially in the east, the party has used populist innuendo¹⁰ against asylum-seekers, immigrants and homosexuals.

Party elders like Alexander Gauland, in Brandenburg, openly flirt¹¹ with Pegida. This is straining the AfD, which has three leaders.

Bernd Lucke, an economics professor, favours an anti-euro message; Frauke Petry, a businesswoman from Saxony, and Konrad Adam,

a former journalist, sympathise with Pegida. Mr Lucke wants to lead alone, but Ms Petry and Mr Adam have resisted him. In a compromise,

Mr Lucke will take over as boss only next December.

German democracy is responding without hysteria. Marchers against Pegida have recently far outnumbered those for it.

The centre-left Social Democrats¹³ and Greens refuse to debate with Pegida, and Chancellor¹⁴ Angela Merkel,

leader of the centre-right Christian¹⁵ Democrats, has condemned¹⁶ it. Others are open to dialogue.

One Christian Democrat¹², Jens Spahn, even joined a televised debate with Kathrin Oertel, one of Pegida's organisers.

That was a big step for a group that had previously¹⁷ refused to talk to the media.

Its marchers chant “Lügenpresse” (“lying press”), a term once used by the Nazis.

Yet on the very day of the cancelled march, Pegida held its first-ever press conference.

In the public glare, its leaders tone down their language. When confronted, their counter-arguments seem weak.

Asked why Saxons should worry about Islam when only 1% of Saxony's population is Muslim,

Ms Oertel said some Germans march for the rainforest though Germany has none.

The gradual conflation of the AfD and Pegida is a new and worrying phenomenon.

There must never be a legitimate¹⁸ party to the right of the CSU, the Christian Democrats' Bavarian sister party, said Franz Josef Strauss,

a longtime leader of Bavaria, with Germany's Nazi⁴ past in mind. Such a party has now arrived, and could enter the Bundestag in 2017.

1 assassinate   

vt.暗杀，行刺，中伤

参考例句：

• The police exposed a criminal plot to assassinate the president.警方侦破了一个行刺总统的阴谋。
• A plot to assassinate the banker has been uncovered by the police.暗杀银行家的密谋被警方侦破了。

2 tabloids   

n.小报，通俗小报（版面通常比大报小一半，文章短，图片多，经常报道名人佚事）( tabloid的名词复数 )；药片

参考例句：

• The story was on the front pages of all the tabloids. 所有小报都在头版报道了这件事。
• The story made the front page in all the tabloids. 这件事成了所有小报的头版新闻。

3 followers   

追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件

参考例句：

• the followers of Mahatma Gandhi 圣雄甘地的拥护者
• The reformer soon gathered a band of followers round him. 改革者很快就获得一群追随者支持他。

4 Nazi   

n.纳粹分子，adj.纳粹党的，纳粹的

参考例句：

• They declare the Nazi regime overthrown and sue for peace.他们宣布纳粹政权已被推翻，并出面求和。
• Nazi closes those war criminals inside their concentration camp.纳粹把那些战犯关在他们的集中营里。

5 Nazis   

n.（德国的）纳粹党员( Nazi的名词复数 )；纳粹主义

参考例句：

• The Nazis worked them over with gun butts. 纳粹分子用枪托毒打他们。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The Nazis were responsible for the mass murder of Jews during World War Ⅱ. 纳粹必须为第二次世界大战中对犹太人的大屠杀负责。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 middle-aged   

adj.中年的

参考例句：

• I noticed two middle-aged passengers.我注意到两个中年乘客。
• The new skin balm was welcome by middle-aged women.这种新护肤香膏受到了中年妇女的欢迎。

7 alienated   

adj.感到孤独的，不合群的v.使疏远( alienate的过去式和过去分词 )；使不友好；转让；让渡（财产等）

参考例句：

• His comments have alienated a lot of young voters. 他的言论使许多年轻选民离他而去。
• The Prime Minister's policy alienated many of her followers. 首相的政策使很多拥护她的人疏远了她。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 yearns   

渴望，切盼，向往( yearn的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Every man yearns for sympathy in sorrow. 每个遇到不幸的人都渴望得到同情。
• What I dread is to get into a rut. One yearns for freshness of thought and ideas. 我害怕的就是墨守成规。人总是向往新思想和新观念的。

9 homogenous   

adj.同类的，同质的，纯系的

参考例句：

• Japan is a wealthy,homogenous,developed nation with a stable political system.日本是一个富裕的同质型发达国家，政治体制稳定。
• My family is very homogenous and happy.我们这个家庭很和睦很幸福。

10 innuendo   

n.暗指，讽刺

参考例句：

• The report was based on rumours,speculation,and innuendo.这份报告建立在谣言、臆断和含沙射影的基础之上。
• Mark told by innuendo that the opposing team would lose the game.马克暗讽地说敌队会在比赛中输掉。

11 flirt   

v.调情，挑逗，调戏；n.调情者，卖俏者

参考例句：

• He used to flirt with every girl he met.过去他总是看到一个姑娘便跟她调情。
• He watched the stranger flirt with his girlfriend and got fighting mad.看着那个陌生人和他女朋友调情，他都要抓狂了。

12 democrat   

n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员

参考例句：

• The Democrat and the Public criticized each other.民主党人和共和党人互相攻击。
• About two years later,he was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter.大约两年后，他被民主党人杰米卡特击败。

13 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

15 Christian   

adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒

参考例句：

• They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
• His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。

16 condemned   

adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He condemned the hypocrisy of those politicians who do one thing and say another. 他谴责了那些说一套做一套的政客的虚伪。
• The policy has been condemned as a regressive step. 这项政策被认为是一种倒退而受到谴责。

17 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

18 legitimate   

adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法

参考例句：

• Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.生病是请假的一个正当的理由。
• That's a perfectly legitimate fear.怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。