2015年经济学人 区域旅游业 用船把他们带进来

 

Regional tourism

区域旅游业

Importing them by the shipload

用船把他们带进来

Attracting tourists to Britain's regions will get tougher as the economy grows

英国经济有所好转，吸引游客却变困难

IN THE harbour at Portsmouth, the din¹ of shipbuilding competes for attention with the thumping² feet of tourists in its historic docks. Just metres away from sailors and shipwrights³ maintaining the Royal Navy's latest vessels⁴, visitors jostle on the decks of the tiny wooden HMS Victory, searching for the spot where Lord Nelson died in battle in 1805. But with traditional shipbuilding in decline, Portsmouth hopes its burgeoning⁵ attractions can take up the slack. The numbers of people looking at its dockyard have risen in the past year, and a smart new museum to house the Mary Rose, a salvaged⁶ Tudor warship⁷, opened in May 2013.

在朴茨茅斯的港口，造船的喧嚣声与游客们在这个历史悠久的码头上的脚步声齐鸣。而开船者和造船者几米开外，就是英国皇家海军的最新轮船，参观的人群推搡着涌向小小的木质胜利号的甲板，搜寻着纳尔逊勋爵在1805年战死的地点。但传统的造船技术正在衰退，朴茨茅斯希望这一新兴的景点能够阻止衰退。来造船厂参观的游客在去年有所增加，而且一座漂亮的新博物馆于2013年5月面向公众开放，新博物馆陈列了玛丽玫瑰号，她是一条被打捞上岸的都铎式战舰。

New research published on November 21st by Deloitte, a consultancy, has raised hopes that tourism can helpBritain's regions reduce their reliance on other industries. It predicts that the sector⁸ will grow by 3.8% a year between now and 2025—much faster than manufacturing, retail⁹ or construction. Tourism, it says, has beenBritain's fastest-growing employment sector since 2010. Unusually, northernEngland,Wales, and ruralScotland—areas which otherwise struggle to attract new businesses—have recently seen particularly strong job growth.

咨询公司德勒于11月21日发表了一项新的研究报告，显示旅游业有希望帮助英国减少对其它产业的依赖。这份研究报告预测，从现在到2025年，旅游业将会每年将会上涨3.8%，比制造业、零售业和建筑业快多了。报告显示，旅游业自2010年起，就已经是英国发展最快的雇工部门。奇怪的是，英格兰北部、威尔士和苏格兰农村这些地区却反而努力吸引新的企业-格外强劲的就业增长在近期初见端倪。

But places likePortsmouthwill need to attract more foreigners to keep up the current rate of growth. Deloitte forecasts that the amount international visitors spend will grow by over 6% a year, nearly twice as fast as for the domestic holidaymakers most regions currently rely on.Portsmouthis already trying to drum up more sightseers from abroad. In the same week that BAE, a defence contractor¹⁰, announced 940 job losses at its shipyard in the city, Brittany Ferries and VisitBritain, which promotes tourism, launched a ￡3m($4.8m) advertising¹¹ campaign to get the French to frequent Portsmouth and its surroundings in greater numbers.

但想朴茨茅斯这类的地区，还需要吸引更多的外国游客从而跟上现在的增长率。德勒预测，国际游客消费的数量将会以每年超过6%的速度增长，几乎是现在大部分地区目前依靠的国内游客消费的两倍。朴茨茅斯已经准备好吸引更多的国外游客。同一周，国防承包商BAE在其市内造船厂宣布裁员940人，而布列塔尼轮渡和英国旅游局为促进旅游业，投入300万英镑（约合480万美元）的广告宣传，以吸引越来越多的法国人出入朴茨茅斯一带。

This task may prove more difficult than Deloitte's report suggests. Getting foreigners to venture beyondLondonis already hard. The capital now accounts for over 53% of their total spending inBritain, a figure that has held steady since the Olympics last year.Portsmouth's grimy centre has also struggled to attract non-Britons. According to Brittany Ferries, only 17% of its car-ferry traffic originates fromFrance. Many drive through without stopping.

这任务或许比德勒报告中预计的难度更大。让外国旅客绕过伦敦难度已经非常之大。现如今，首都伦敦占据英国总开支的53%，这个数据在去年伦敦奥运会期间也依旧保持稳定。朴茨茅斯脏兮兮的市中心也同样在努力争取非英国人。根据布列塔尼轮渡的数据，只有17%的汽车轮渡交通来自法国。许多人都是走过路过然后错过。

Recovery elsewhere inBritain's economy may also hamper¹² the growth of regional tourism. The industry fears the weakness of the pound this summer will not last, as a run of good economic news buoys¹³ up its value. Hotels and attractions on the south coast already fear that this will reduce overseas bookings next year. Likewise, a strong pound has rekindled¹⁴ enthusiasm among Britons for holidays abroad. Many parts ofEast Angliaand the south-west have lost over 5% of their jobs in tourism since 2010; people who used to visit are jetting off to warmer climes instead. Although foreign tourists may bring welcome cash toBritain's struggling regions, persuading Britons to keep holidaying at home will be uphill work.Portsmouth's wind- and rainswept docks this week suggested that any attraction may be strictly¹⁵ seasonal¹⁶.

英国的经济复苏也会同时束缚区域旅游业。旅游业担心英镑的疲软在今夏就会结束，因为英镑重振雄风是个好消息。但南岸的宾馆和旅游景点已经担心这将会减少下一年的海外预定。同时，坚挺的英镑重燃了英国民众到国外度假的信心。东安格利亚的部分地区和英国西南部自2010年起就丢失了超过5%的旅游业职位；过去的常客转而乘飞机去了更温暖的地方。即使国外游客会给英国苦苦挣扎的地区带来经济收益，这也很难让英国人相信宅在家度假很费劲。朴茨茅斯港口这周的风和雨水显示了任何景点都有严格的季节性。

1 din   

n.喧闹声，嘈杂声

参考例句：

• The bustle and din gradually faded to silence as night advanced.随着夜越来越深，喧闹声逐渐沉寂。
• They tried to make themselves heard over the din of the crowd.他们力图让自己的声音盖过人群的喧闹声。

2 thumping   

adj.重大的，巨大的；重击的；尺码大的；极好的adv.极端地；非常地v.重击(thump的现在分词)；狠打；怦怦地跳；全力支持

参考例句：

• Her heart was thumping with emotion. 她激动得心怦怦直跳。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• He was thumping the keys of the piano. 他用力弹钢琴。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

3 shipwrights   

n.造船者，修船者( shipwright的名词复数 )

参考例句：

4 vessels   

n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人

参考例句：

• The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

5 burgeoning   

adj.迅速成长的，迅速发展的v.发芽，抽枝( burgeon的现在分词 )；迅速发展；发（芽），抽（枝）

参考例句：

• Our company's business is burgeoning now. 我们公司的业务现在发展很迅速。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• These efforts were insufficient to contain the burgeoning crisis. 这些努力不足以抑制迅速扩散的危机。 来自辞典例句

6 salvaged   

（从火灾、海难等中）抢救（某物）( salvage的过去式和过去分词 )； 回收利用（某物）

参考例句：

• The investigators studied flight recorders salvaged from the wreckage. 调查者研究了从飞机残骸中找到的黑匣子。
• The team's first task was to decide what equipment could be salvaged. 该队的首要任务是决定可以抢救哪些设备。

7 warship   

n.军舰，战舰

参考例句：

• He is serving on a warship in the Pacific.他在太平洋海域的一艘军舰上服役。
• The warship was making towards the pier.军舰正驶向码头。

8 sector   

n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形

参考例句：

• The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
• The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。

9 retail   

v./n.零售；adv.以零售价格

参考例句：

• In this shop they retail tobacco and sweets.这家铺子零售香烟和糖果。
• These shoes retail at 10 yuan a pair.这些鞋子零卖10元一双。

10 contractor   

n.订约人，承包人，收缩肌

参考例句：

• The Tokyo contractor was asked to kick $ 6000 back as commission.那个东京的承包商被要求退还6000美元作为佣金。
• The style of house the contractor builds depends partly on the lay of the land.承包商所建房屋的式样，有几分要看地势而定。

11 advertising   

n.广告业；广告活动 a.广告的；广告业务的

参考例句：

• Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗?
• The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。

12 hamper   

vt.妨碍，束缚，限制；n.(有盖的)大篮子

参考例句：

• There are some apples in a picnic hamper.在野餐用的大篮子里有许多苹果。
• The emergence of such problems seriously hamper the development of enterprises.这些问题的出现严重阻碍了企业的发展。

13 buoys   

n.浮标( buoy的名词复数 )；航标；救生圈；救生衣v.使浮起( buoy的第三人称单数 )；支持；为…设浮标；振奋…的精神

参考例句：

• The channel is marked by buoys. 航道有浮标表示。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Often they mark the path with buoys. 他们常常用浮标作为航道的标志。 来自辞典例句

14 rekindled   

v.使再燃( rekindle的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• As soon as they met again his dormant love for her was rekindled. 他们一见面，他对她的旧情如乾柴烈火般又重新燃起。 来自辞典例句
• Ive found rekindled my interest in re-reading the books. 我发觉这提起了我再次阅读这些书的兴趣。 来自互联网

15 strictly   

adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地

参考例句：

• His doctor is dieting him strictly.他的医生严格规定他的饮食。
• The guests were seated strictly in order of precedence.客人严格按照地位高低就座。

16 seasonal   

adj.季节的，季节性的

参考例句：

• The town relies on the seasonal tourist industry for jobs.这个城镇依靠季节性旅游业提供就业机会。
• The hors d'oeuvre is seasonal vegetables.餐前小吃是应时蔬菜。