2016年经济学人 伦交所与德交所商讨合并 英国央行行长暗示今年不会加息

 

Business this week

本周经济要闻

The London Stock Exchange and Deutsche B?rse hoped it would be third time lucky, as the pair confirmed they were in advanced talks about merging¹. The London and Frankfurt exchanges tried to integrate in 2000 and 2005, but their overtures² were rejected by shareholders³. Times have changed since then. Only 10% of the LSE's and Deutsche Borse's revenues now come from trading in equities⁴; both have expanded into derivatives⁵, clearing houses and other financial services.

英国伦敦证券交易所和德意志交易所证实，双方正就合并事宜进行深入谈判，并期待能有一个皆大欢喜的结局。这已经是上述两家交易所第三次试图合并了，前两次分别发生在2000年和2005年，但是一开始便遭到了股东们的否决。如今的情况与当年有所不同，两家交易所的收入中只有10%来自于股票交易，并且他们都已将自己的业务扩展到了其他金融服务领域，如：金融衍生品及票据交换业务。

China's government ousted⁶ Xiao Gang as head of the securities regulatory commission for failing to prevent the bubble, or manage the bust⁷, in the country's stockmarkets, which fell sharply again this week. Mr.Xiao's replacement⁸ is Liu Shiyu, the chairman of Agricultural Bank of China and a former deputy governor of the People's Bank of China.

由于处理股市泡沫不利，前中国证监会主席肖钢遭中国政府去职。但股市在本周仍旧暴跌。中国农业银行董事长兼前中国人民银行副行长刘士余接替肖钢出任中国证监会主席一职。

China, including Hong Kong, has surpassed America as the country with the most dollar billionaires, according to Hurun, a publication, and is home to 568 billionaires compared with America's 535. The figures for China were based on share prices in January, and take account of tumbling stockmarkets. India came third on the list with 111 billionaires. Britain and Germany were joint⁹ fourth with 82 each, followed by Russia on 80.

根据近日发布的《胡润全球富豪榜》显示，大中华地区以568比535首次超越美国，成为世界上拥有10亿美金富豪最多的国家。该结果是依据一月份的股票价格并且考虑股市暴跌因素而得到的数据得出的。印度以111名十亿富豪的成绩位居第三。英国及德国并列第四，都有82名富豪。俄罗斯则以80名富豪排名第五。

Mark Carney, the governor of the Bank of England, again dampened expectations of an interest-rate rise this year when he told a committee in Parliament that, on the contrary, he wasn't ruling out cutting the bank's benchmark rate to zero if the British economy worsened.

英格兰银行行长马克·卡尼（Mark Carney）向英国议会委员会透露，如果英国经济恶化，他非但不会加息反而还会考虑将基准利率下调至零。这一番话再一次降低了今年英镑升息的预期。

A fall in profit in its Asian business helped push HSBC to an $858m quarterly pre-tax loss (pre-tax pro¹⁰?t for all of 2015 came in at $19 billion). It also had to put aside money for legal costs as American regulators have now added HSBC to the list of banks they are investigating for employment practices in Asia. Standard Chartered made an annual loss of $2.4 billion, its first since 1989.

由于亚洲市场业务的损失，汇丰银行（HSBC）的第四季度税前亏损达到了8.58亿美元（其2015年的税前利润为190亿美元）。美国监管机构已将汇丰银行列入了调查名单，观察其是否在亚洲员工雇佣上存在问题。所以汇丰还得从利润中留出一部分作为诉讼费。渣打银行（Standard Chartered）去年遭遇自1989年以来最大损失，损失金额为24亿美元。

Saudi Arabia's oil minister surprised energy markets by reiterating¹¹ that he would be happy to see oil prices fall to $20 a barrel to squeeze out “inefficient, uneconomic producers”. The minister's remarks somewhat undermine the kingdom's pact¹² with Russia to freeze oil production in order to boost prices (though only if other big producers do the same).

沙特阿拉伯石油部部长语出惊人，他表示自己很乐意看到石油价格下跌至20美元每桶，这样就能将那些“低效，不经济”的产油国挤出市场。这一番言论一定程度上破坏了沙特阿拉伯与俄罗斯签署的关于停止石油产量增产以抬高价格的协议。仅仅俄罗斯一国停止石油增产并不会对石油价格有什么效果。只有当所有大型产油国都采取相同的停止增产的措施时，石油价格才会走高。

BHP Billiton joined the list of mining giants to publish dismal¹³ earnings¹⁴ on the back of the slump¹⁵ in commodity prices, when it reported a $5.7 billion six-month loss.

必和必拓公布过去6个月净亏损为57亿美元，这意味着大宗商品价格的持续暴跌让矿业巨擘也加入业绩惨淡大军。

1 merging   

合并（分类）

参考例句：

• Many companies continued to grow by merging with or buying competing firms. 许多公司通过合并或收买竞争对手的公司而不断扩大。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
• To sequence by repeated splitting and merging. 用反复分开和合并的方法进行的排序。

2 overtures   

n.主动的表示，提议；（向某人做出的）友好表示、姿态或提议( overture的名词复数 )；（歌剧、芭蕾舞、音乐剧等的）序曲，前奏曲

参考例句：

• Their government is making overtures for peace. 他们的政府正在提出和平建议。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He had lately begun to make clumsy yet endearing overtures of friendship. 最近他开始主动表示友好，样子笨拙却又招人喜爱。 来自辞典例句

3 shareholders   

n.股东( shareholder的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The meeting was attended by 90% of shareholders. 90%的股东出席了会议。
• the company's fiduciary duty to its shareholders 公司对股东负有的受托责任

4 equities   

普通股，股票

参考例句：

• These are invested mainly in the OECD bonds and equities. 这些资产主要投资于经济合作及发展组织的债券与股票市场。
• They are also advantage of the global rebound in equities. 它们还在利用全球股市反弹的机会。

5 derivatives   

n.衍生性金融商品；派生物，引出物( derivative的名词复数 )；导数

参考例句：

• Many English words are derivatives of Latin words. 许多英语词来自拉丁语。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• These compounds are nitrosohydroxylamine derivatives. 这类合成物是亚硝基羟胺衍生物。 来自辞典例句

6 ousted   

驱逐( oust的过去式和过去分词 )； 革职； 罢黜； 剥夺

参考例句：

• He was ousted as chairman. 他的主席职务被革除了。
• He may be ousted by a military takeover. 他可能在一场军事接管中被赶下台。

7 bust   

vt.打破；vi.爆裂；n.半身像；胸部

参考例句：

• I dropped my camera on the pavement and bust it. 我把照相机掉在人行道上摔坏了。
• She has worked up a lump of clay into a bust.她把一块黏土精心制作成一个半身像。

8 replacement   

n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品

参考例句：

• We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
• They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。

9 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

10 pro   

n.赞成，赞成的意见，赞成者

参考例句：

• The two debating teams argued the question pro and con.辩论的两组从赞成与反对两方面辩这一问题。
• Are you pro or con nuclear disarmament?你是赞成还是反对核裁军？

11 reiterating   

反复地说，重申( reiterate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• He keeps reiterating his innocence. 他一再申明他无罪。
• The Chinese government also sent a note to the British government, reiterating its position. 中国政府同时将此立场照会英国政府。

12 pact   

n.合同，条约，公约，协定

参考例句：

• The two opposition parties made an electoral pact.那两个反对党订了一个有关选举的协定。
• The trade pact between those two countries came to an end.那两国的通商协定宣告结束。

13 dismal   

adj.阴沉的，凄凉的，令人忧郁的，差劲的

参考例句：

• That is a rather dismal melody.那是一支相当忧郁的歌曲。
• My prospects of returning to a suitable job are dismal.我重新找到一个合适的工作岗位的希望很渺茫。

14 earnings   

n.工资收人；利润，利益，所得

参考例句：

• That old man lives on the earnings of his daughter.那个老人靠他女儿的收入维持生活。
• Last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.去年他的收入减少了20%。

15 slump   

n.暴跌，意气消沉，（土地）下沉；vi.猛然掉落，坍塌，大幅度下跌

参考例句：

• She is in a slump in her career.她处在事业的低谷。
• Economists are forecasting a slump.经济学家们预言将发生经济衰退。