2019年经济学人 迪士尼创新策略:翻拍经典动画的真人版电影(4)

迪士尼创新策略:翻拍经典动画的真人版电影(4)

Producers and directors can now draw on astoundingly sophisticated computer-generated effects. Except for the actor who played Mowgli, “The Jungle Book” was entirely¹ digital; the authentically² lush rainforest and convincing animals earned an Oscar. Jon Favreau, the director, will apply the same techniques to “The Lion King”. “We can put any animal next to a real one and not be able to tell the difference,” claims Richard Stammers³, the visual-effects supervisor⁴ on “Dumbo”. The animators size up muscle, the wrinkles of skin and the movement of fur. Lacking an airborne elephant to copy, researchers studied the physics of large birds. For imaginary creatures such as the Beast, animators use the latest motion-capture technology, which tracks actors’ movements and facial expressions and then transposes them onto digital figures. The uncanny realism instils⁵ a sense of wonder of its own.

如今制片人和导演可以利用惊人的计算机生成的复杂效果。除了扮演毛克利的演员，《奇幻森林》完全是数字化的；真实茂密的热带雨林和以假乱真的动物赢得了奥斯卡奖。导演乔恩·法夫罗将把同样的技巧运用到《狮子王》中。“我们可以把任何动物放于一个真实的动物旁边，却不能分辨真假，”《小飞象》的视觉效果总监理查德?斯坦默斯声称。动画师对肌肉、皮肤的皱纹和皮毛的运动进行评估。由于没有大象可以模仿，研究人员研究了大型鸟类的物理特性。对于像野兽这样的虚拟生物，动画师使用最新的动作捕捉技术，跟踪演员的动作和面部表情，然后将其转换成数字图像。神秘的现实主义注入了一种奇妙的感觉。

These revamps are not the only way Disney is ransacking⁶ its canon. In 2018 it released “Mary Poppins Returns” and a film about Christopher Robin⁷, a pal⁸ of Winnie-the-Pooh’s; Cruella de Vil, Rose Red (Snow White’s sister), Tinker Bell and Prince Charming are all in line for their own movies. Fears that Disney would tarnish⁹ its family heirlooms with these do-overs and spin-offs seem to have been unfounded. On Rotten Tomatoes, a review-aggregator site, audiences give “The Jungle Book” an 86% approval rating—a similar score to the original’s, as is that of the new “Cinderella”.

这些改进并不是迪士尼翻拍经典的唯一方式。2018年，迪士尼发行了《欢乐满人间》续集，以及一部关于小熊维尼的朋友的电影《克里斯托弗·罗宾》；克鲁埃拉·德维尔、红玫瑰（白雪公主的妹妹）、小叮当和白马王子都将改编为真人电影。人们担心迪士尼的大改编会玷污经典之作，但这种担心似乎是没有根据的。在影评聚合网站烂番茄上，观众对《奇幻森林》的支持率为86%——和原版的分数差不多，新版《灰姑娘》也是这个情况。

Still, Mr Katzenberg’s insistence¹⁰ on “fresh, new stories” has not been wholly discredited¹¹. There are only so many venerable cartoons to revisit, and the exciting novelty of seeing real actors and realistic animals breathe life into fantastical yarns¹² may fade. Franchise¹³ apathy¹⁴ has already struck: “Solo: A Star Wars Story” (2018) received decent reviews but failed to break even. The circle of live-action films may yet turn out to be a wheel of fortune.

尽管如此，卡曾伯格坚持“新鲜的新故事”的主张并非完全丧失可信度。可以重温的经典漫画数量有限，真实的演员和真实的动物为奇幻的故事注入生命，但这种令人兴奋的新奇感可能会消退。特许经营权的冷漠已经引起了人们的注意: 《游侠索罗：星球大战外传》（2018）得到了不错的评价，但仍未能实现收支平衡。真人电影圈最终可能会变为命运之轮。

1 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

2 authentically   

ad.sincerely真诚地

参考例句：

• Gina: And we should give him something 2 authentically Taiwanese. 吉娜：而且我们应该送他有纯正台湾味的东西。
• A loser is one who fails to correspond authentically. 失败者则指那些未能做到诚实可靠的人。

3 stammers   

n.口吃，结巴( stammer的名词复数 )v.结巴地说出( stammer的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• She stammers when she feels nervous. 她紧张时就口吃。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The little child stammers in the presence of strangers. 那小孩在陌生人面前说话就结巴。 来自辞典例句

4 supervisor   

n.监督人，管理人，检查员，督学，主管，导师

参考例句：

• Between you and me I think that new supervisor is a twit.我们私下说，我认为新来的主管人是一个傻瓜。
• He said I was too flighty to be a good supervisor.他说我太轻浮不能成为一名好的管理员。

5 instils   

v.逐渐使某人获得（某种可取的品质），逐步灌输( instil的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Providing first instils a sense of obligation in that person to help in return. 先给予的做法可以灌输一种责任感给那个人，使其回过头来帮助对方。 来自互联网

6 ransacking   

v.彻底搜查( ransack的现在分词 )；抢劫，掠夺

参考例句：

• She was ransacking the stores for Jim's present. 她正在彻底搜寻各家店铺，为吉姆买礼物。 来自英汉文学 - 欧亨利
• Ransacking the drawers of the dresser he came upon a discarded, tiny, ragged handkerchief. 他打开橱柜抽屉搜寻，找到了一块弃置的小旧手帕。 来自辞典例句

7 robin   

n.知更鸟，红襟鸟

参考例句：

• The robin is the messenger of spring.知更鸟是报春的使者。
• We knew spring was coming as we had seen a robin.我们看见了一只知更鸟，知道春天要到了。

8 pal   

n.朋友，伙伴，同志；vi.结为友

参考例句：

• He is a pal of mine.他是我的一个朋友。
• Listen,pal,I don't want you talking to my sister any more.听着，小子，我不让你再和我妹妹说话了。

9 tarnish   

n.晦暗，污点；vt.使失去光泽；玷污

参考例句：

• The affair could tarnish the reputation of the prime minister.这一事件可能有损首相的名誉。
• Stainless steel products won't tarnish.不锈钢产品不会失去光泽。

10 insistence   

n.坚持；强调；坚决主张

参考例句：

• They were united in their insistence that she should go to college.他们一致坚持她应上大学。
• His insistence upon strict obedience is correct.他坚持绝对服从是对的。

11 discredited   

不足信的，不名誉的

参考例句：

• The reactionary authorities are between two fires and have been discredited. 反动当局弄得进退维谷，不得人心。
• Her honour was discredited in the newspapers. 她的名声被报纸败坏了。

12 yarns   

n.纱( yarn的名词复数 )；纱线；奇闻漫谈；旅行轶事

参考例句：

• ...vegetable-dyed yarns. 用植物染料染过色的纱线 来自辞典例句
• Fibers may be loosely or tightly twisted into yarns. 纤维可以是膨松地或紧密地捻成纱线。 来自辞典例句

13 franchise   

n.特许，特权，专营权，特许权

参考例句：

• Catering in the schools is run on a franchise basis.学校餐饮服务以特许权经营。
• The United States granted the franchise to women in 1920.美国于1920年给妇女以参政权。

14 apathy   

n.漠不关心，无动于衷；冷淡

参考例句：

• He was sunk in apathy after his failure.他失败后心恢意冷。
• She heard the story with apathy.她听了这个故事无动于衷。