2019年经济学人 一周要闻 巴黎圣母院突发大火 维基解密创始人被捕 美国推翻马杜罗遇阻

 

The world this week

本周要闻

Politics

政治

Notre Dame¹, a medieval cathedral immortalised by Victor Hugo, Hollywood and innumerable tourist selfies, caught fire. More than 400 firefighters brought the blaze under control, but the roof is gone, and with it the spire². The interior damage is extensive, but many artefacts and relics³, including a supposed part of Jesus’s crown of thorns, were saved. Emmanuel Macron, the French president, visited the site and vowed⁴ that the cathedral will be rebuilt. Two French billionaires pledged a total of 300m euros ($340m) towards that effort.

巴黎圣母院发生火灾，这座中世纪大教堂因维克多·雨果，好莱坞以及无数游客的自拍而不朽。超过400名消防员出动才控制住火势，但教堂屋顶和尖塔已被烧毁。教堂内部受损更严重，但是很多文物和遗物被拯救出来，包括被认为是耶稣荆棘王冠的一部分。法国总统马克龙前往现场视察并且立誓会重建教堂。两名法国亿万富翁承诺将捐献总计3亿欧元（合3.4亿美元）用于重建工作。

The Finns Party, an anti-immigrant outfit⁵, won 17% of the vote in Finland’s election. Other parties do not want to work with it. The winning Social Democrats⁶ will try to form a government without it.

反移民组织芬兰人党在芬兰大选中赢得17%的选票。而其他党派不想与之合作。获胜的社会民主党将试图组建一个没有芬兰人党的政府。

Britain pondered what to do with Julian Assange, a co-founder of WikiLeaks. America wants him extradited for conspiring⁷ to help a soldier hack⁸ a classified computer network, with the intention of publishing military secrets. Sweden may also want him: a woman who says he raped⁹ her has asked prosecutors¹⁰ to reopen the case. He also faces jail in Britain for jumping bail¹¹.

英国正在考虑如何处置维基解密的联合创始人朱利安·阿桑奇。美国希望引渡他，因其密谋协助一士兵入侵某个机密计算机网络，意图公布军事机密。瑞典可能也要通缉他:一名声称遭其强奸的女性要求检察官重新审理此案。他还因逃避保释在英国面临牢狱之灾。

Nigel Farage, one of the prime movers behind Britain’s referendum on leaving the EU in 2016, launched a Brexit Party to fight next month’s European elections. Change UK, a group of Labour and Conservative defectors who are pushing for a second referendum in the hope of cancelling Brexit, received approval from the Electoral Commission to form a party.

奈杰尔`法拉奇(Nigel Farage)是2016年英国脱欧公投的主要推动者之一，他组建了一个脱欧政党，以争取下月的欧洲选举。由工党和保守党叛逃者组成的“改变英国”(Change UK)获得了选举委员会的批准，成立为政党。该政党正在推动第二次公投，希望取消英国脱欧。

The strongman gets stronger

强者越强

Egypt’s parliament passed constitutional amendments¹² that would allow President Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi to rule until 2030. Mr Sisi, a former general, was re-elected in 2018 with 98% of the vote. Other changes would give the president control over judges and increase the army’s political power. The amendments will now be put to a referendum.

埃及议会通过宪法修正案，允许总统阿卜杜勒-法塔赫·塞西(Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi)执政至2030年。曾是将军的塞西在2018年以98%的选票再次当选。其他改革将赋予总统对法官的控制权，并增加军队的政治权力。该修正案现将进行全民公投。

The African Union threatened to suspend Sudan, following a military coup¹³ that deposed¹⁴ Omar al-Bashir, who had ruled for more than three decades. The AU gave the generals who now run the country 15 days to hand power to civilians¹⁵.

非洲联盟威胁要中止苏丹的统治。此前，苏丹发生军事政变，推翻了统治苏丹30多年的巴希尔总统。非盟限如今管理国家的将军们15天内“还政于民”。

Seven soldiers were killed in Chad in an attack on an army base by Boko Haram, a jihadist group that has displaced more than 2m people in neighbouring Nigeria.

“博科圣地”圣战组织在乍得一处军事基地发动袭击，造成7名士兵死亡。“博科圣地”已致邻国尼日利亚200多万人流离失所。

No escape

无处可逃

Spain arrested Hugo Carvajal, a former head of Venezuela’s military intelligence service, after America asked for his extradition¹⁶. He had defected and called on the army to stop supporting Venezuela’s dictator, Nicolás Maduro. His arrest on drug-trafficking charges may discourage other bigwigs from abandoning Mr Maduro, thus impeding¹⁷ America’s goal of removing him.

西班牙逮捕了前委内瑞拉军事情报部门负责人雨果·卡瓦贾尔（Hugo Carvajal），此前美国要求引渡他。已经叛逃的他呼吁军队停止支持委内瑞拉独裁者尼古拉斯·马杜罗(Nicolas Maduro)。马杜罗因贩毒指控被捕，这可能会让其他“权贵”打消放马杜罗于不顾的念头，从而阻碍美国推翻马杜罗的目标。

The natural history museum in New York decided¹⁸ not to provide the venue¹⁹ for a gala honouring Brazil’s president, Jair Bolsonaro. Environmentalists, outraged²⁰ at his plan to open up Brazil’s rainforest to mining, had objected.

纽约自然历史博物馆决定不为巴西总统博尔索纳罗(Jair Bolsonaro)的庆典提供场地。因其开放巴西热带雨林用于采矿而愤怒的环保人士表示反对。

1 dame   

n.女士

参考例句：

• The dame tell of her experience as a wife and mother.这位年长妇女讲了她作妻子和母亲的经验。
• If you stick around,you'll have to marry that dame.如果再逗留多一会，你就要跟那个夫人结婚。

2 spire   

n.(教堂)尖顶，尖塔，高点

参考例句：

• The church spire was struck by lightning.教堂的尖顶遭到了雷击。
• They could just make out the spire of the church in the distance.他们只能辨认出远处教堂的尖塔。

3 relics   

[pl.］n.遗物，遗迹，遗产；遗体，尸骸

参考例句：

• The area is a treasure house of archaeological relics. 这个地区是古文物遗迹的宝库。
• Xi'an is an ancient city full of treasures and saintly relics. 西安是一个有很多宝藏和神圣的遗物的古老城市。

4 vowed   

起誓，发誓（vow的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• He vowed quite solemnly that he would carry out his promise. 他非常庄严地发誓要实现他的诺言。
• I vowed to do more of the cooking myself. 我发誓自己要多动手做饭。

5 outfit   

n.（为特殊用途的）全套装备，全套服装

参考例句：

• Jenney bought a new outfit for her daughter's wedding.珍妮为参加女儿的婚礼买了一套新装。
• His father bought a ski outfit for him on his birthday.他父亲在他生日那天给他买了一套滑雪用具。

6 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 conspiring   

密谋( conspire的现在分词 )； 搞阴谋； （事件等）巧合； 共同导致

参考例句：

• They were accused of conspiring against the king. 他们被指控阴谋反对国王。
• John Brown and his associates were tried for conspiring to overthrow the slave states. 约翰·布朗和他的合伙者们由于密谋推翻实行奴隶制度的美国各州而被审讯。

8 hack   

n.劈，砍，出租马车；v.劈，砍，干咳

参考例句：

• He made a hack at the log.他朝圆木上砍了一下。
• Early settlers had to hack out a clearing in the forest where they could grow crops.早期移民不得不在森林里劈出空地种庄稼。

9 raped   

v.以暴力夺取，强夺( rape的过去式和过去分词 )；强奸

参考例句：

• A young woman was brutally raped in her own home. 一名年轻女子在自己家中惨遭强暴。 来自辞典例句
• We got stick together, or we will be having our women raped. 我们得团结一致，不然我们的妻女就会遭到蹂躏。 来自辞典例句

10 prosecutors   

检举人( prosecutor的名词复数 )； 告发人； 起诉人； 公诉人

参考例句：

• In some places,public prosecutors are elected rather than appointed. 在有些地方，检察官是经选举而非任命产生的。 来自口语例句
• You've been summoned to the Prosecutors' Office, 2 days later. 你在两天以后被宣到了检察官的办公室。

11 bail   

v.舀（水），保释；n.保证金，保释，保释人

参考例句：

• One of the prisoner's friends offered to bail him out.犯人的一个朋友答应保释他出来。
• She has been granted conditional bail.她被准予有条件保释。

12 amendments   

（法律、文件的）改动( amendment的名词复数 )； 修正案； 修改； （美国宪法的）修正案

参考例句：

• The committee does not adequately consult others when drafting amendments. 委员会在起草修正案时没有充分征求他人的意见。
• Please propose amendments and addenda to the first draft of the document. 请对这个文件的初稿提出修改和补充意见。

13 coup   

n.政变；突然而成功的行动

参考例句：

• The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
• That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。

14 deposed   

v.罢免( depose的过去式和过去分词 )；（在法庭上）宣誓作证

参考例句：

• The president was deposed in a military coup. 总统在军事政变中被废黜。
• The head of state was deposed by the army. 国家元首被军队罢免了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

15 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

16 extradition   

n.引渡（逃犯）

参考例句：

• The smuggler is in prison tonight,awaiting extradition to Britain.这名走私犯今晚在监狱，等待引渡到英国。
• He began to trouble concerning the extradition laws.他开始费尽心思地去想关于引渡法的问题。

17 impeding   

a.(尤指坏事)即将发生的，临近的

参考例句：

• Fallen rock is impeding the progress of rescue workers. 坠落的石头阻滞了救援人员的救援进程。
• Is there sufficient room for the kiosk and kiosk traffic without impeding other user traffic? 该环境下是否有足够的空间来摆放信息亭？信息亭是否会妨碍交通或者行走？ 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

18 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

19 venue   

n.犯罪地点，审判地，管辖地，发生地点，集合地点

参考例句：

• The hall provided a venue for weddings and other functions.大厅给婚礼和其他社会活动提供了场所。
• The chosen venue caused great controversy among the people.人们就审判地点的问题产生了极大的争议。

20 outraged   

a.震惊的，义愤填膺的

参考例句：

• Members of Parliament were outraged by the news of the assassination. 议会议员们被这暗杀的消息激怒了。
• He was outraged by their behavior. 他们的行为使他感到愤慨。