2019年经济学人 橙剂:印度大选(1)

 

Leaders

《社论》

India’s election

印度大选

Agent Orange

橙剂

Under Narendra Modi, the Bharatiya Janata Party poses a risk to democracy

在纳伦德拉?莫迪的领导下，印度人民党对民主构成了威胁

When the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won a landslide¹ victory in India’s general election in 2014, its leader, Narendra Modi, was something of a mystery. Would his government initiate² an economic lift-off, as businessfolk hoped, or spark a sectarian conflagration³, as secularists feared? In his five years as prime minister, Mr Modi has been neither as good for India as his cheerleaders foretold⁴, nor as bad as his critics, including this newspaper, imagined. But today the risks still outweigh⁵ the rewards. Indians, who are in the midst of voting in a fresh election, would be better off with a different leader.

印度人民党(BJP)在2014年的大选中获得压倒性胜利时，其领导人纳伦德拉莫迪还是个谜。他的政府会像商人们所希望的那样开启经济腾飞，还是像世俗主义者所担心的那样引发宗派冲突? 莫迪担任总理的5年里，既不像支持者所预言的那样对印度有利，也不像包括本刊在内的批评者所想象的那样糟糕。但今天，风险仍然大于回报。印度正在进行一场新的选举投票，如果换一个领导人会更好。

Mr Modi is campaigning as a strongman with the character to stand up to Pakistan for having abetted⁶ terrorism. In fact, sending warplanes to bomb India’s nuclear neighbour earlier this year was not so much an act of strength as recklessness that could have ended in disaster. Mr Modi’s tough-guy approach has indeed been a disaster in the disputed state of Jammu&Kashmir, where he has inflamed⁷ a separatist insurgency⁸ rather than quelling⁹ it, while at the same time alienating¹⁰ moderate Kashmiris by brutally¹¹ repressing protests.

莫迪在竞选活动中以一个铁腕人物的形象出现，以他的性格是直接反抗巴基斯坦煽动恐怖主义。事实上，今年早些时候派遣战机轰炸印度的核邻国的举动，与其说是一种实力之举，还不如说是一种鲁莽之举，最终可能以灾难告终。莫迪的强硬态度在有争议的克什米尔邦确实是一场灾难，在那里，他不仅没有平息分裂主义叛乱，反而煽动了分裂主义叛乱，同时因残酷镇压抗议活动，疏远了温和派克什米尔人。

1 landslide   

n.(竞选中)压倒多数的选票；一面倒的胜利

参考例句：

• Our candidate is predicated to win by a landslide.我们的候选人被预言将以绝对优势取胜。
• An electoral landslide put the Labour Party into power in 1945.1945年工党以压倒多数的胜利当选执政。

2 initiate   

vt.开始，创始，发动；启蒙，使入门；引入

参考例句：

• A language teacher should initiate pupils into the elements of grammar.语言老师应该把基本语法教给学生。
• They wanted to initiate a discussion on economics.他们想启动一次经济学讨论。

3 conflagration   

n.建筑物或森林大火

参考例句：

• A conflagration in 1947 reduced 90 percent of the houses to ashes.1947年的一场大火，使90%的房屋化为灰烬。
• The light of that conflagration will fade away.这熊熊烈火会渐渐熄灭。

4 foretold   

v.预言，预示( foretell的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• She foretold that the man would die soon. 她预言那人快要死了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Must lose one joy, by his life's star foretold. 这样注定：他，为了信守一个盟誓／就非得拿牺牲一个喜悦作代价。 来自英汉 - 翻译样例 - 文学

5 outweigh   

vt.比...更重，...更重要

参考例句：

• The merits of your plan outweigh the defects.你制定的计划其优点胜过缺点。
• One's merits outweigh one's short-comings.功大于过。

6 abetted   

v.教唆（犯罪）( abet的过去式和过去分词 )；煽动；怂恿；支持

参考例句：

• He was abetted in the deception by his wife. 他行骗是受了妻子的怂恿。
• They aided and abetted in getting the police to catch the thief. 他们协助警察抓住了小偷。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 inflamed   

adj.发炎的，红肿的v.（使）变红，发怒，过热( inflame的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• His comments have inflamed teachers all over the country. 他的评论激怒了全国教师。
• Her joints are severely inflamed. 她的关节严重发炎。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 insurgency   

n.起义；暴动；叛变

参考例句：

• And as in China, unrest and even insurgency are widespread. 而在中国，动乱甚至暴乱都普遍存在。 来自互联网
• Dr Zyphur is part an insurgency against this idea. 塞弗博士是这一观点逆流的一部分。 来自互联网

9 quelling   

v.（用武力）制止，结束，镇压( quell的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Quelling her grief, she said 'Good-bye! 'again and went on. 她把悲痛压下去，二番说了一声再见，又转身走去了。 来自辞典例句
• The police succeeded in quelling the riot. 警方把暴乱镇压了下去。 来自辞典例句

10 alienating   

v.使疏远( alienate的现在分词 )；使不友好；转让；让渡（财产等）

参考例句：

• The phenomena of alienation are widespread. Sports are also alienating. 异化现象普遍存在，体育运动也不例外。 来自互联网
• How can you appeal to them without alienating the mainstream crowd? 你是怎么在不疏忽主流玩家的情况下吸引住他们呢？ 来自互联网

11 brutally   

adv.残忍地，野蛮地，冷酷无情地

参考例句：

• The uprising was brutally put down.起义被残酷地镇压下去了。
• A pro-democracy uprising was brutally suppressed.一场争取民主的起义被残酷镇压了。