2019年经济学人 一周要闻 贝索斯前妻捐半数资产 德国5月失业率飙升 支付业第三次大型合并

 

The first trial got under way in Oklahoma of a drugmaker facing claims that its marketing¹ of painkillers² fuelled the opioid crisis. Johnson & Johnson argues that it followed the law and has decided³ to fight the case. Its two former co-defendants settled with the state: Purdue Pharma for $270m and Teva, this week, for $85m.

俄克拉荷马州的一家制药公司正在进行第一次审讯，该公司被控其止痛药的营销加剧了阿片类药物危机。强生辩解称，该公司一直遵纪守法，并决定应诉。此前的两名其他被告已与州政府达成和解:普渡制药(Purdue Pharma)以2.7亿美元和解，而梯瓦制药(Teva)本周以8500万美元和解。

Germany’s unemployment rate rose to 5% in May, the first increase in five years. Most of the rise is explained by a change to the way the government counts the unemployed⁴, but the labour ministry⁵ said that Germany’s slowing economy was also a factor.

德国5月份的失业率升至5%，为五年来首次上升。失业率上升的主要原因是政府统计失业人数的方式发生了变化，但德国劳工部表示，德国经济放缓也是因素之一。

Global Payments, which focuses on processing transactions, agreed to buy Total System Services, which specialises in clearing them, for $21.5bn. It is the third big merger⁶ in the payments industry this year.

专注于处理交易的环汇有限公司(Global Payments)同意以215亿美元收购专注于清算交易的Total System Services。这是今年支付行业的第三次大合并。

After delays because of bad weather, SpaceX launched the first batch⁷ of satellites that will eventually form its Starlink broadband-internet network. Its boss, Elon Musk⁸, lauded⁹ the achievement, SpaceX’s heaviest payload yet. Not everyone was happy. Around 12,000 satellites will be deployed¹⁰ by the mid- 2020s. They operate in low orbit and are brighter than expected, prompting concerns from astronomers¹¹ about obstructed¹² telescope observations.

SpaceX发射了第一批卫星，此前因恶劣天气推迟了发射活动。这些卫星最终将形成其Starlink宽带互联网网络。该公司埃隆·马斯克对此表示盛赞，称这是SpaceX迄今为止最大的有效载荷。并不是人人对此喜闻乐见。到本世纪20年代中期，大约将部署1.2万颗卫星。它们绕低轨道运行，比预期的还要明亮，这引起天文学家对望远镜观测受阻的担忧。

Arun Jaitley stepped down as India’s finance minister because of ill health. Mr Jaitley oversaw¹³ many of the financial reforms introduced under the government of Narendra Modi, including a consumption tax.

阿伦·贾特利因健康问题辞去印度财政部长一职。贾特利监督了莫迪执政期间推行的许多金融改革措施，包括消费税。

Indian authorities stopped the founder¹⁴ of Jet Airways¹⁵, Naresh Goyal, from flying out of the country. The government has promised to make it harder for the bosses of bankrupt companies to leave India following the case of Vijay Mallya. The boss of Kingfisher Airlines fled to London in 2016 and is fighting extradition¹⁶.

印度当局禁止捷特航空公司创始人纳雷什·戈亚尔乘飞机出境。在维贾伊·马尔雅事件发生后，政府承诺将加大阻止破产公司老板离境的力度。翠鸟航空(Kingfisher Airlines)的老板于2016年逃到伦敦，目前正在争取将其引渡回国。

In the process of finalising her divorce from Jeff Bezos, MacKenzie Bezos promised to give half of the $36bn she is receiving as part of the settlement to charity. Ms Bezos made the commitment to the Giving Pledge, an initiative started by Warren Buffett and Bill and Melinda Gates through which the super-rich can donate some of their fortune to worthy¹⁷ causes. A contemplative Ms Bezos noted¹⁸ that “we each come by the gifts we have to offer by…lucky breaks we can never fully¹⁹ understand.”

在与杰夫·贝佐斯离婚的最后阶段，麦肯齐·贝佐斯承诺，将把离婚协议中分到的360亿美元资产的一半捐给慈善机构。麦肯齐宣布签署“捐赠誓言”(Giving Pledge)。“捐赠誓言”是沃伦·巴菲特和比尔及妻子梅林达·盖茨发起的一项倡议，超级富豪可以通过该倡议将自己的部分财富捐赠给有价值的慈善事业。深思熟虑的麦肯齐指出，““……生掷中永无遏制的荣幸令我们无法领略，却赋予了我们一份大礼。”

1 marketing   

n.行销，在市场的买卖，买东西

参考例句：

• They are developing marketing network.他们正在发展销售网络。
• He often goes marketing.他经常去市场做生意。

2 painkillers   

n.止痛药( painkiller的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The doctor gave him some painkillers to ease the pain. 医生给了他一些止疼片以减缓疼痛。 来自辞典例句
• The primary painkillers - opiates, like OxyContin - are widely feared, misunderstood and underused. 人们对主要的镇痛药——如鸦片剂奥施康定——存在广泛的恐惧、误解，因此没有充分利用。 来自时文部分

3 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

4 unemployed   

adj.失业的，没有工作的；未动用的，闲置的

参考例句：

• There are now over four million unemployed workers in this country.这个国家现有四百万失业人员。
• The unemployed hunger for jobs.失业者渴望得到工作。

5 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

6 merger   

n.企业合并，并吞

参考例句：

• Acceptance of the offer is the first step to a merger.对这项提议的赞同是合并的第一步。
• Shareholders will be voting on the merger of the companies.股东们将投票表决公司合并问题。

7 batch   

n.一批(组，群)；一批生产量

参考例句：

• The first batch of cakes was burnt.第一炉蛋糕烤焦了。
• I have a batch of letters to answer.我有一批信要回复。

8 musk   

n.麝香, 能发出麝香的各种各样的植物，香猫

参考例句：

• Musk is used for perfume and stimulant.麝香可以用作香料和兴奋剂。
• She scented her clothes with musk.她用麝香使衣服充满了香味。

9 lauded   

v.称赞，赞美( laud的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• They lauded the former president as a hero. 他们颂扬前总统为英雄。 来自辞典例句
• The nervy feats of the mountaineers were lauded. 登山者有勇气的壮举受到赞美。 来自辞典例句

10 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。

11 astronomers   

n.天文学者，天文学家( astronomer的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Astronomers can accurately foretell the date,time,and length of future eclipses. 天文学家能精确地预告未来日食月食的日期、时刻和时长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Astronomers used to ask why only Saturn has rings. 天文学家们过去一直感到奇怪，为什么只有土星有光环。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 obstructed   

阻塞( obstruct的过去式和过去分词 )； 堵塞； 阻碍； 阻止

参考例句：

• Tall trees obstructed his view of the road. 有大树挡着，他看不到道路。
• The Irish and Bristol Channels were closed or grievously obstructed. 爱尔兰海峡和布里斯托尔海峡或遭受封锁，或受到了严重阻碍。

13 oversaw   

v.监督，监视( oversee的过去式 )

参考例句：

• He will go down as the president who oversaw two historic transitions. 他将作为见证了巴西两次历史性转变的总统，安然引退。 来自互联网
• Dixon oversaw the project as creative director of Design Research Studio. 狄克逊监督项目的创意总监设计研究工作室。 来自互联网

14 Founder   

n.创始者，缔造者

参考例句：

• He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
• According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说，罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。

15 AIRWAYS   

航空公司

参考例句：

• The giant jets that increasingly dominate the world's airways. 越来越称雄于世界航线的巨型喷气机。
• At one point the company bought from Nippon Airways a 727 jet. 有一次公司从日本航空公司买了一架727型喷气机。

16 extradition   

n.引渡（逃犯）

参考例句：

• The smuggler is in prison tonight,awaiting extradition to Britain.这名走私犯今晚在监狱，等待引渡到英国。
• He began to trouble concerning the extradition laws.他开始费尽心思地去想关于引渡法的问题。

17 worthy   

adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的

参考例句：

• I did not esteem him to be worthy of trust.我认为他不值得信赖。
• There occurred nothing that was worthy to be mentioned.没有值得一提的事发生。

18 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

19 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。