2019年经济学人 一周要闻 特朗普弹劾听证进行中 威尼斯遭遇洪灾 伊朗发现新油田

 

Hassan Rouhani, Iran’s president, claimed that a new oilfield containing 53bn barrels of crude had been discovered. If true, this would increase Iran’s proven reserves, already one of the world’s largest, by about a third. Iran has struggled to export oil since sanctions were reimposed by America last year.

伊朗总统哈桑·鲁哈尼(Hassan Rouhani)声称，已经发现了一个含有530亿桶原油的新油田。如果消息属实，那么伊朗的石油探明储量将增加约三分之一，伊朗已经是世界最大石油国家之一。自去年美国重新实施制裁以来，伊朗一直难以出口石油。

The central bank of Zimbabwe began reissuing Zimbabwean dollars after a decade-long hiatus. The new notes are in effect the country’s third currency in the past three years. The government has tried to stay a step ahead of a shortage of cash caused by high inflation and economic mismanagement.

津巴布韦中央银行在中断十年后开始重新发行津巴布韦元。新发行的纸币其实是该国过去三年来的第三种货币。政府试图在高通胀和经济管理不善造成的现金短缺之前先行一步。

Spain’s general election, the fourth in four years, gave no party a majority. The Socialists¹, who had been hoping to move closer to one, actually lost three seats. They swiftly struck a deal with the far-left Podemos party to attempt to form a coalition². Even together, the two parties will need to find support among several regional parties to get over the line.

西班牙举行了四年来的第四次大选，没有一个政党获得多数席位。社会党原本有望更接近多数席位，但实际上却失去了3个席位。他们迅速与极左的Podemos党达成协议，试图组建联合政府。即使两党联合起来，也需要得到几个地区政党的支持才能成功上位。

Venice was hit by its worst floods for half a century. Water entered St Mark’s Basilica, causing “grave damage”, according to the city’s mayor.

威尼斯遭遇了半个世纪以来最严重的洪灾。据该市市长表示，圣马可大教堂被洪水淹没，造成“严重破坏”。

The Dutch government backtracked on previous pledges and reduced road speed limits to 100kph (62mph) during the day to help meet a court-ordered reduction in emissions³. Farmers have also been asked to cut back on livestock⁴ in order to reduce nitrogen.

荷兰政府改变了之前的承诺，即白天将车速限制降低到100公里每小时(62英里每小时)，以帮助实现法院下达的减排命令。农民也被要求减少饲养牲畜数量来减少氮排放。

In the British election campaign, Boris Johnson’s Conservative Party got a boost when Nigel Farage, leader of the Brexit Party, said he would not field candidates in the 317 seats the Tories won in 2017. The pressure was on Mr Farage to go further and withdraw from all constituencies where his party threatens to split the Leave vote.

在英国大选中，鲍里斯·约翰逊所在的保守党得到了提振，因为英国退欧党(Brexit Party)领袖奈杰尔·法拉奇(Nigel Farage)表示，他不会提名候选人争夺保守党在2017年赢得的317个席位。法拉奇面临着进一步退出所有选区的压力，因为他所在的政党威胁称要分裂脱欧投票。

The first public hearings were held in the inquiry⁵ that will determine whether Donald Trump⁶ should be impeached⁷ for asking the Ukrainian government to dig up political dirt on Joe Biden. The first witnesses in the Democratic-led process were diplomats⁸ with responsibility for Ukraine.

第一次听证会在弹劾调查期间举行，该调查将决定特朗普是否应该被弹劾，因为他要求乌克兰政府提供关于乔·拜登的政治丑闻。在这场由民主党主导的弹劾调查中，负责乌克兰事务的外交官是首批见证人。

America’s Supreme⁹ Court rejected an appeal by Remington, a gunmaker, to block a lawsuit¹⁰ from relatives of the victims in the Sandy Hook school massacre¹¹ of 2012, in which 20 children and six adults were killed. The lawsuit accuses Remington of illegally marketing¹² combat weapons.

美国最高法院驳回了枪支制造商雷明顿(Remington)的上诉，该上诉旨在阻止2012年桑迪胡克小学大屠杀遇难者家属提起的诉讼，这起枪击案造成20名儿童以及6名成年人遇难。该诉讼指控雷明顿非法销售作战型武器。

An appeal by a murderer against his life sentence on the ground that he had already “died” in hospital was rejected by a court in Iowa. Benjamin Schreiber argued that his heart had stopped during an emergency procedure in 2015. But the judges concluded that the convict “is either still alive…or he is actually dead, in which case this appeal is moot”.

爱荷华州的一家法院驳回了一名杀人犯对其无期徒刑的上诉，理由是他已在医院“死亡”。本杰明·施赖伯(Benjamin Schreiber)辩称，在2015年的一次紧急手术中，他的心脏停止了跳动。但法官们的结论是，这名罪犯“要么还活着……要么实际上已经死了，在这种情况下，上诉没有实质意义”。

1 socialists   

社会主义者( socialist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The socialists saw themselves as true heirs of the Enlightenment. 社会主义者认为自己是启蒙运动的真正继承者。
• The Socialists junked dogma when they came to office in 1982. 社会党人1982年上台执政后，就把其政治信条弃之不顾。

2 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

3 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

4 livestock   

n.家畜，牲畜

参考例句：

• Both men and livestock are flourishing.人畜两旺。
• The heavy rains and flooding killed scores of livestock.暴雨和大水淹死了许多牲口。

5 inquiry   

n.打听，询问，调查，查问

参考例句：

• Many parents have been pressing for an inquiry into the problem.许多家长迫切要求调查这个问题。
• The field of inquiry has narrowed down to five persons.调查的范围已经缩小到只剩5个人了。

6 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

7 impeached   

v.控告（某人）犯罪( impeach的过去式和过去分词 )；弹劾；对（某事物）怀疑；提出异议

参考例句：

• Elected officials can be impeached. 经过选举产生的官员可以被弹劾。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The judge was impeached for taking a bribe. 这个法官被检举接受贿赂。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

8 diplomats   

n.外交官( diplomat的名词复数 )；有手腕的人，善于交际的人

参考例句：

• These events led to the expulsion of senior diplomats from the country. 这些事件导致一些高级外交官被驱逐出境。
• The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomats living in this country. 法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

10 lawsuit   

n.诉讼，控诉

参考例句：

• They threatened him with a lawsuit.他们以诉讼威逼他。
• He was perpetually involving himself in this long lawsuit.他使自己无休止地卷入这场长时间的诉讼。

11 massacre   

n.残杀，大屠杀；v.残杀，集体屠杀

参考例句：

• There was a terrible massacre of villagers here during the war.在战争中，这里的村民惨遭屠杀。
• If we forget the massacre,the massacre will happen again!忘记了大屠杀，大屠杀就有可能再次发生！

12 marketing   

n.行销，在市场的买卖，买东西

参考例句：

• They are developing marketing network.他们正在发展销售网络。
• He often goes marketing.他经常去市场做生意。