2020年经济学人 印度银行--当是意味着不是(2)

Mr Kapoor was arrested and formally charged on March 8th with money laundering¹ and corruption², which he denies.

3月8日，Kapoor被捕并被正式指控犯有洗钱和腐败罪，但他对此予以否认。

He becomes merely the latest among once-prominent Indian financiers to find themselves in the hands of the law.

在印度曾经显赫的金融家中，他只不过是最近一个受到法律制裁的人。

As the bank's customers lined up in the streets to withdraw money from ATMs,

随着银行客户在街上排队从ATM机里取钱，

others found their electronic payments disrupted, a consequence of Yes's pivotal role in India's digital-payments architecture.

其他客户发现他们的电子支付被中断，这是Yes在印度数字支付体系中扮演关键角色的结果。

The finance minister, Nirmala Sitharaman, sought to allay³ depositors' fears

印度财政部长尔马拉·西塔拉曼寻求缓和储户的担心

by pledging that no financial institution would "fall of the cliff" during her tenure⁴.

她承诺在她的任期内，不会有任何金融机构“掉下悬崖”。

The RBI attested⁵ to the soundness of the banks and the safety of depositors.

RBI证明了银行的稳健和储户的安全。

Less reassuringly⁶, the comments echoed what they had both said in September during the collapse⁷ of yet another financial institution,

让人不安心的是，此番言论和他们两人去年9月在又一家金融机构倒闭时的言论如出一辙，

the Punjab and Maharashtra Co-operative Bank.

这家机构是Punjab and Maharashtra合作银行。

While the technical issues were swiftly sorted out, fundamental ones remain.

虽然技术问题很快得到解决，但基本问题依然存在。

The resolution plan was far short of the $4bn needed for provisioning, reckons Ashish Gupta, an analyst⁸ at Credit Suisse, a bank.

瑞士信贷银行的分析师Ashish Gupta认为解决方案远达不到拨备所需的40亿美元。

SBI has said it does not intend to merge⁹ with Yes, leaving the latter's fate unclear and,

SBI曾表示其不打算和Yes合并，这让后者的命运变得扑朔迷离，

to use Mr Gupta's careful phrasing, its "reconstruction…unlikely".

用Gupta的谨慎措辞来说，它“重组...是不可能的了”。

The chaotic¹⁰ approach has complicated the life of other small and mid-sized banks,

他表示，这种混乱的做法使其它中小型银行的生存变得复杂，

he says, affecting their liquidity¹¹ and ability to raise deposits, which in turn may aggravate¹² the country's deepening credit crunch¹³.

影响到了他们的流动性和增加存款的能力，反过来可能会加剧该国日益严重的信贷紧缩。

This half-baked outcome was not inevitable¹⁴. A private-equity investor¹⁵ says he heard of more than 40 private-equity firms,

这种不成熟的结果并不是不可避免的。一名私募股权投资者称，他听说超过40家私人股本公司

mostly from outside India, who had expressed interest in buying Yes,

都表示有兴趣买下Yes，其中大部分都是境外公司，

only to be dissuaded¹⁶ at the last minute by the thicket¹⁷ of regulations, particularly for foreign investors¹⁸, not to mention the business risks.

他们都在最后一刻却被错综复杂的监管规定（尤其是针对外国投资者的规定）劝退了，更不用提其中的商业风险。

A handful of the same names are reported to be in discussions with SBI about buying stakes.

据报道，其中几家公司正与SBI就入股事宜进行谈判。

Yet falling stock-markets and financial mayhem make it an inopportune time for dealmaking.

然而，股市下跌和金融混乱使得现在不是做交易的好时机。

Many of the former optimists¹⁹ of Indian finance who bought into Mr Kapoor's story may never say yes so eagerly again.

很多之前相信了Kapoor的故事并对印度金融持乐观态度的人，可能再也不会如此热切地说“是”了。

1 laundering   

n.洗涤（衣等），洗烫（衣等）；洗（钱）v.洗（衣服等），洗烫（衣服等）( launder的现在分词 )；洗（黑钱）（把非法收入改头换面，变为貌似合法的收入）

参考例句：

• Separate the white clothes from the dark clothes before laundering. 洗衣前应当把浅色衣服和深色衣服分开。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He was charged with laundering money. 他被指控洗钱。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

3 allay   

v.消除，减轻(恐惧、怀疑等)

参考例句：

• The police tried to allay her fears but failed.警察力图减轻她的恐惧，但是没有收到什么效果。
• They are trying to allay public fears about the spread of the disease.他们正竭力减轻公众对这种疾病传播的恐惧。

4 tenure   

n.终身职位；任期；(土地)保有权，保有期

参考例句：

• He remained popular throughout his tenure of the office of mayor.他在担任市长的整个任期内都深得民心。
• Land tenure is a leading political issue in many parts of the world.土地的保有权在世界很多地区是主要的政治问题。

5 attested   

adj.经检验证明无病的，经检验证明无菌的v.证明( attest的过去式和过去分词 )；证实；声称…属实；使宣誓

参考例句：

• The handwriting expert attested to the genuineness of the signature. 笔迹专家作证该签名无讹。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• Witnesses attested his account. 几名证人都证实了他的陈述是真实的。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 reassuringly   

ad.安心，可靠

参考例句：

• He patted her knee reassuringly. 他轻拍她的膝盖让她放心。
• The doctor smiled reassuringly. 医生笑了笑，让人心里很踏实。

7 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

8 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

9 merge   

v.(使)结合，(使)合并，(使)合为一体

参考例句：

• I can merge my two small businesses into a large one.我可以将我的两家小商店合并为一家大商行。
• The directors have decided to merge the two small firms together.董事们已决定把这两家小商号归并起来。

10 chaotic   

adj.混沌的，一片混乱的，一团糟的

参考例句：

• Things have been getting chaotic in the office recently.最近办公室的情况越来越乱了。
• The traffic in the city was chaotic.这城市的交通糟透了。

11 liquidity   

n.流动性，偿债能力，流动资产

参考例句：

• The bank has progressively increased its liquidity.银行逐渐地增加其流动资产。
• The demand for and the supply of credit is closely linked to changes in liquidity.信用的供求和流动资金的变化有密切关系。

12 aggravate   

vt.加重(剧)，使恶化；激怒，使恼火

参考例句：

• Threats will only aggravate her.恐吓只能激怒她。
• He would only aggravate the injury by rubbing it.他揉擦伤口只会使伤势加重。

13 crunch   

n.关键时刻；艰难局面；v.发出碎裂声

参考例句：

• If it comes to the crunch they'll support us.关键时刻他们是会支持我们的。
• People who crunch nuts at the movies can be very annoying.看电影时嘎吱作声地嚼干果的人会使人十分讨厌。

14 inevitable   

adj.不可避免的，必然发生的

参考例句：

• Mary was wearing her inevitable large hat.玛丽戴着她总是戴的那顶大帽子。
• The defeat had inevitable consequences for British policy.战败对英国政策不可避免地产生了影响。

15 investor   

n.投资者，投资人

参考例句：

• My nephew is a cautious investor.我侄子是个小心谨慎的投资者。
• The investor believes that his investment will pay off handsomely soon.这个投资者相信他的投资不久会有相当大的收益。

16 dissuaded   

劝（某人）勿做某事，劝阻( dissuade的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He was easily dissuaded from going. 他很容易就接受劝告不走了。
• Ulysses was not to be dissuaded from his attempt. 尤利西斯想前去解救的决心不为所动。

17 thicket   

n.灌木丛，树林

参考例句：

• A thicket makes good cover for animals to hide in.丛林是动物的良好隐蔽处。
• We were now at the margin of the thicket.我们现在已经来到了丛林的边缘。

18 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

19 optimists   

n.乐观主义者( optimist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Even optimists admit the outlook to be poor. 甚至乐观的人都认为前景不好。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Optimists reckon house prices will move up with inflation this year. 乐观人士认为今年的房价将会随通货膨胀而上涨。 来自辞典例句