2020年经济学人 查理曼专栏--针对时下土耳其局势,葛兰运动难辞其咎(3)

No one, however, is worse placed to preach about the dangers of Gulenism than Mr Erdogan, whose government was once joined at the hip¹ with the movement. By locking up everyone linked to it, including lawyers, teachers and charity workers, Mr Erdogan has ditched the rule of law in favour of a vendetta². He has not helped his case by accusing nearly all of his other opponents of treason or terror. “People in America might be more receptive to Erdogan’s side of the story if he had more credibility,” says Gonul Tol of the Middle East Institute, a Washington think-tank. “But he has none.”

然而，没有人能够比埃尔多安更能去宣扬葛兰主义的危险性了，埃尔多安政府曾与葛兰运动如胶似漆。埃尔多安总统将所有与葛兰运动相关的人都羁押了起来，其中包括律师、老师和慈善工作者。他摒弃了法治，让积怨来主导自己处理这些人。他指责其他几乎所有的反对者都是叛国或恐怖分子，这对他的论据毫无帮助。“如果埃尔多安的可信度更高，美国民众可能会更容易接受他的说法。”华盛顿智库中东研究所的戈努尔·托尔说。“但他并不可信。”

Today the cemaat seems to be a spent force. Inside Turkey, it has no room to breathe. Because it alienated³ almost every part of Turkish society, there is no one left to defend it, aside from a handful of human- rights activists⁴. Abroad, the Gulenists are better off, but still on the back foot. Mr Erdogan has successfully pressed a few countries in Africa and Central Asia to sever⁵ links with Gulen schools and businesses. Funding has begun to dry up. Long-standing followers⁶ are leaving in droves and new ones are almost impossible to recruit. Mr Gulen commands blind obedience⁷. His deputies, says Mr Bacik, are all theologians with no experience outside the group. There are no women in positions of power. For a movement that portrays⁸ itself as a modernising force in Islam, this is not a good look. Mr Gulen himself is approaching 80 and in poor health. When he dies, what remains⁹ of the cemaat is likely to crumble¹⁰.

今天的葛兰社群精疲力竭。在土耳其，它没有喘息的空间。因为葛兰已经疏远了几乎所有的土耳其社会群体，除了少数人权活动家，没有人能捍卫它。在国外，葛兰主义者境况较好，但仍旧处于劣势。埃尔多安总统成功向非洲和中亚的一些国家施压，迫使他们切断与葛兰学校和企业的联系。资金开始枯竭。长期的信众们大批离开，几乎不可能招募到新的追随者。葛兰命令信众们盲目服从。巴西克说，葛兰的副手们都是神学家，离开了葛兰组织，他们没有任何经验。也没有女性掌权。对于一个将自己描绘为伊斯兰运动现代化力量的运动来说，这不是一个好兆头。葛兰本人也快80了，身体也很差。当他死亡，在葛兰社群中剩下的东西很可能会崩溃。

Its legacy¹¹ in Turkey has been grim. “They have as much responsibility as Erdogan for the state of the country,” says Ms Tol. Much of the outside world seems to think there is only one villain¹² in the story of Turkey’s descent into autocracy¹³.Turks will tell you there is room for more.

葛兰在土耳其的遗留问题严峻。托尔女士说：“葛兰主义者和埃尔多安一样，对国家的现状负有同样的责任。”。外界很多人认为，在土耳其陷入专制的故事中，只有一个反派。土耳其人会告诉你，反派有很多。

1 hip   

n.臀部，髋；屋脊

参考例句：

• The thigh bone is connected to the hip bone.股骨连着髋骨。
• The new coats blouse gracefully above the hip line.新外套在臀围线上优美地打着褶皱。

2 vendetta   

n.世仇，宿怨

参考例句：

• For years he pursued a vendetta against the Morris family.多年来他一直在寻求向莫里斯家族报世仇。
• She conducted a personal vendetta against me.她对我有宿仇。

3 alienated   

adj.感到孤独的，不合群的v.使疏远( alienate的过去式和过去分词 )；使不友好；转让；让渡（财产等）

参考例句：

• His comments have alienated a lot of young voters. 他的言论使许多年轻选民离他而去。
• The Prime Minister's policy alienated many of her followers. 首相的政策使很多拥护她的人疏远了她。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 sever   

v.切开，割开；断绝，中断

参考例句：

• She wanted to sever all her connections with the firm.她想断绝和那家公司的所有联系。
• We must never sever the cultural vein of our nation.我们不能割断民族的文化血脉。

6 followers   

追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件

参考例句：

• the followers of Mahatma Gandhi 圣雄甘地的拥护者
• The reformer soon gathered a band of followers round him. 改革者很快就获得一群追随者支持他。

7 obedience   

n.服从，顺从

参考例句：

• Society has a right to expect obedience of the law.社会有权要求人人遵守法律。
• Soldiers act in obedience to the orders of their superior officers.士兵们遵照上级军官的命令行动。

8 portrays   

v.画像( portray的第三人称单数 )；描述；描绘；描画

参考例句：

• The museum collection vividly portrays the heritage of 200 years of canals. 博物馆的藏品让运河200 年的历史再现眼前。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The film portrays Gandhi as a kind of superman. 这部电影把甘地描绘成一个超人。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

10 crumble   

vi.碎裂，崩溃；vt.弄碎，摧毁

参考例句：

• Opposition more or less crumbled away.反对势力差不多都瓦解了。
• Even if the seas go dry and rocks crumble,my will will remain firm.纵然海枯石烂，意志永不动摇。

11 legacy   

n.遗产，遗赠；先人(或过去)留下的东西

参考例句：

• They are the most precious cultural legacy our forefathers left.它们是我们祖先留下来的最宝贵的文化遗产。
• He thinks the legacy is a gift from the Gods.他认为这笔遗产是天赐之物。

12 villain   

n.反派演员，反面人物；恶棍；问题的起因

参考例句：

• He was cast as the villain in the play.他在戏里扮演反面角色。
• The man who played the villain acted very well.扮演恶棍的那个男演员演得很好。

13 autocracy   

n.独裁政治，独裁政府

参考例句：

• The revolution caused the overthrow of the autocracy.这场革命导致了独裁政体的结束。
• Many poor countries are abandoning autocracy.很多贫穷国家都在放弃独裁统治。