经济学人 拜登的经济团队--顶配

Joe Biden's advisers²

乔·拜登的顾问

Top picks

顶配

A diverse, left-leaning economic team conveys the president-elect's priorities

一个多元化、左倾的经济团队传达了当选总统的首要任务

Joe biden's record as president may well hinge on his response to America's economic woes³. On December 1st the president-elect launched his effort to right the economy, when he formally unveiled his choices for top policy jobs. His economic team stands out for its diversity, its interest in climate change, and its emphasis on the welfare of working people, sending a clear signal of Mr Biden's priorities. Its overriding⁴ challenge, though, will be to repair an economy battered⁵ by covid-19.

作为总统，拜登的政绩很可能取决于他对美国经济困境的反应。12月1日，这位当选总统正式公布了其最高政策职位人选，开始为恢复经济做出努力。他的经济团队的突出特点在于其多元化、对气候变化的关注以及对劳动人民福利的重视，这给拜登发送了明确的优先顺序信号。不过，最大的挑战还是修复被新冠重创后的美国经济。

Many of the names on the slate⁶ are familiar. If confirmed by the Senate, Janet Yellen will become America's first female treasury⁷ secretary. She is assembling one of the more impressive public-service careers in the economics profession, having led the Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) during the Clinton administration, and the Federal Reserve from 2014 to 2018.

候选人名单上的许多名字都很熟悉。如果获得参议院批准，那么珍妮特·耶伦将成为美国的首位女财政部长。她曾在克林顿政府时期领导过经济顾问委员会(CEA)，并在2014年至2018年期间领导过美联储，目前正在为经济领域中最令人印象深刻的公共服务事业做准备。

Experience aside, Ms Yellen's broad acceptability across Democratic factions⁸ no doubt was a point in her favour. By contrast, Mr Biden's CEA—an advisory⁹ body of wonks that aims to ground the president's policies in sound economics—may be the most progressive in recent memory. It will be led by Cecilia Rouse, an economist¹⁰ at Princeton University, who if confirmed would be the first black woman to chair the council. Ms Rouse is no stranger to Washington, having advised both Bill Clinton and Barack Obama during their terms. She has also done impressive research; her work showing that student debt may deter¹¹ low-income students from enrolling¹² at university, for instance, may be especially pertinent¹³ given a running debate in Washington over the wisdom of cancelling student loans. Jared Bernstein, who advised Mr Biden on economic policy during his vice-presidency and has long been an advocate of pro-labour policies, will join Ms Rouse. So too will Heather Boushey, who runs the Washington Centre for Equitable¹⁴ Growth, a left-leaning think-tank. Ms Boushey has argued forcefully that generous government support for women and families is a key ingredient of broad-based prosperity. (Neither Mr Bernstein nor Ms Boushey require Senate confirmation¹⁵.)

抛开经验不谈，耶伦在民主党各派系间的广泛接受度无疑是对她有利的一点。相比之下，拜登的经济顾问委员会——一个旨在使总统的政策在稳健的经济中得到贯彻的专家顾问机构——可能是近年来最为进步的。该委员会将由普林斯顿大学经济学家塞西莉亚·劳斯领导，如果获得批准，她将成为首位担任该委员会主席的黑人女性。劳斯对华盛顿并不陌生，她曾在比尔·克林顿和巴拉克·奥巴马任期内担任过顾问。此外她还做过一些令人印象深刻的研究。例如，她的研究表明，学生债务可能会阻碍低收入家庭的学生上大学。考虑到华盛顿正在就取消学生贷款是否明智进行的辩论，这一观点可能尤其切题。贾里德·伯恩斯坦将加入劳斯的行列，他曾在拜登担任副总统期间担任经济政策顾问，长期以来一直是亲劳工政策的倡导者。左倾智库华盛顿公平增长中心的负责人希瑟·布希也将加入，她曾有力地指出政府对妇女和家庭的慷慨支持是全面繁荣的一个关键因素。(伯恩斯坦和布希都不需要经过参议院的批准。)

Other appointments have been greeted less warmly by the left. Brian Deese, who has been chosen to lead the National Economic Council, the president's top economic-policymaking body, worked at BlackRock, an asset manager, after serving as an adviser¹ to Mr Obama—causing some to worry about a revolving¹⁶ door between government and business. But Mr Deese's portfolio¹⁷, which involves directing investment in climate and sustainability initiatives, has muted some of the criticism—and shows the importance that Mr Biden places on tackling climate change.

其他任命则不那么受左派欢迎。布莱恩·迪斯被选为总统的最高经济政策制定机构——国家经济委员会的领导，在为奥巴马做过顾问之后，他曾在资产管理公司贝莱德工作，这让一些人担心政府和企业之间会出现一扇旋转门。但迪斯的投资组合(包括对气候和可持续发展项目的直接投资)平息了一些批评，同时彰显了拜登对应对气候变化的重视。

Neera Tanden, the head of the Centre for American Progress, a left-leaning thinktank, and Mr Biden's choice to run the Office of Management and Budget, is a more divisive figure, known for picking fights with far-left supporters of Senator Bernie Sanders. Republican senators have expressed discomfort¹⁸ with her nomination¹⁹ too; she may face the fiercest confirmation row of them all. But confirmation will be only the first of the team's many challenges. Reforming the economy in the face of a slump²⁰ and Republican opposition²¹ will be no easy task.

拜登选择了左倾智库美国进步中心的负责人尼拉·坦登执掌管理和预算部门。坦登是一个更具争议性的人物，因其与参议员伯尼·桑德斯的极左支持者的争吵而闻名。共和党参议员也对她的提名表示不满，她可能会面临最激烈的确认之争。不过“批准”只是该团队面临的众多挑战中的第一个。面对经济衰退和共和党的反对，经济改革并非易事。

1 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

2 advisers   

顾问，劝告者( adviser的名词复数 )； （指导大学新生学科问题等的）指导教授

参考例句：

• a member of the President's favoured circle of advisers 总统宠爱的顾问班子中的一员
• She withdrew to confer with her advisers before announcing a decision. 她先去请教顾问然后再宣布决定。

3 woes   

困境( woe的名词复数 )； 悲伤； 我好苦哇； 某人就要倒霉

参考例句：

• Thanks for listening to my woes. 谢谢您听我诉说不幸的遭遇。
• She has cried the blues about its financial woes. 对于经济的困难她叫苦不迭。

4 overriding   

a.最主要的

参考例句：

• Development is of overriding importance. 发展是硬道理
• My overriding concern is to raise the standards of state education. 我最关心的是提高国民教育水平。

5 battered   

adj.磨损的；v.连续猛击；磨损

参考例句：

• He drove up in a battered old car.他开着一辆又老又破的旧车。
• The world was brutally battered but it survived.这个世界遭受了惨重的创伤,但它还是生存下来了。

6 slate   

n.板岩，石板，石片，石板色，候选人名单；adj.暗蓝灰色的，含板岩的；vt.用石板覆盖，痛打，提名，预订

参考例句：

• The nominating committee laid its slate before the board.提名委员会把候选人名单提交全体委员会讨论。
• What kind of job uses stained wood and slate? 什么工作会接触木头污浊和石板呢？

7 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

8 factions   

组织中的小派别，派系( faction的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The gens also lives on in the "factions." 氏族此外还继续存在于“factions〔“帮”〕中。 来自英汉非文学 - 家庭、私有制和国家的起源
• rival factions within the administration 政府中的对立派别

9 advisory   

adj.劝告的，忠告的，顾问的，提供咨询

参考例句：

• I have worked in an advisory capacity with many hospitals.我曾在多家医院做过顾问工作。
• He was appointed to the advisory committee last month.他上个月获任命为顾问委员会委员。

10 economist   

n.经济学家，经济专家，节俭的人

参考例句：

• He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem.他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
• He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers.他是个经济学家，自以为什么都懂。

11 deter   

vt.阻止，使不敢，吓住

参考例句：

• Failure did not deter us from trying it again.失败并没有能阻挡我们再次进行试验。
• Dogs can deter unwelcome intruders.狗能够阻拦不受欢迎的闯入者。

12 enrolling   

v.招收( enrol的现在分词 )；吸收；入学；加入；[亦作enrol]( enroll的现在分词 )；登记，招收，使入伍（或入会、入学等），参加，成为成员；记入名册；卷起，包起

参考例句：

• They lashed out at the university enrolling system. 他们猛烈抨击大学的招生制度。 来自辞典例句
• You're enrolling in a country club, Billy. 你是注册加入乡村俱乐部了，比利。 来自辞典例句

13 pertinent   

adj.恰当的；贴切的；中肯的；有关的；相干的

参考例句：

• The expert made some pertinent comments on the scheme.那专家对规划提出了一些中肯的意见。
• These should guide him to pertinent questions for further study.这些将有助于他进一步研究有关问题。

14 equitable   

adj.公平的；公正的

参考例句：

• This is an equitable solution to the dispute. 这是对该项争议的公正解决。
• Paying a person what he has earned is equitable. 酬其应得,乃公平之事。

15 confirmation   

n.证实，确认，批准

参考例句：

• We are waiting for confirmation of the news.我们正在等待证实那个消息。
• We need confirmation in writing before we can send your order out.给你们发送订购的货物之前，我们需要书面确认。

16 revolving   

adj.旋转的，轮转式的；循环的v.（使）旋转( revolve的现在分词 )；细想

参考例句：

• The theatre has a revolving stage. 剧院有一个旋转舞台。
• The company became a revolving-door workplace. 这家公司成了工作的中转站。

17 portfolio   

n.公事包；文件夹；大臣及部长职位

参考例句：

• He remembered her because she was carrying a large portfolio.他因为她带着一个大公文包而记住了她。
• He resigned his portfolio.他辞去了大臣职务。

18 discomfort   

n.不舒服，不安，难过，困难，不方便

参考例句：

• One has to bear a little discomfort while travelling.旅行中总要忍受一点不便。
• She turned red with discomfort when the teacher spoke.老师讲话时她不好意思地红着脸。

19 nomination   

n.提名，任命，提名权

参考例句：

• John is favourite to get the nomination for club president.约翰最有希望被提名为俱乐部主席。
• Few people pronounced for his nomination.很少人表示赞成他的提名。

20 slump   

n.暴跌，意气消沉，（土地）下沉；vi.猛然掉落，坍塌，大幅度下跌

参考例句：

• She is in a slump in her career.她处在事业的低谷。
• Economists are forecasting a slump.经济学家们预言将发生经济衰退。

21 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。