2020年经济学人 一周要闻 美国住院人数破10万 韩国修改兵役法 越南出现本土病例

Bobi Wine suspended his presidential campaign in Uganda after members of his staff were injured when security forces fired rubber bullets at one of his rallies. In November at least 54 people were killed, most of them by the security forces. Mr Wine is running against Yoweri Museveni, who has led Uganda since 1986.

在安全部队向他的一次集会发射橡皮子弹，致其工作人员受伤后，毕博·维恩（Bobi Wine）暂停了在乌干达的总统竞选活动。11月，至少有54人被杀害，其中大部分是被安全部队杀害的。维恩的对手约韦里·穆塞韦尼(Yoweri Museveni)自1986年以来一直领导着乌干达。

The Iranian government accused an opposition¹ group of working with Israel to assassinate² Mohsen Fakhrizadeh, Iran’s most senior nuclear scientist, using a remote-controlled machine gun. Iran’s parliament passed plans to ramp³ up the country’s nuclear programme. But President Hassan Rouhani opposed the move, which would endanger a potential rapprochement with America under Joe Biden.

伊朗政府指责一个反对派组织与以色列合作，使用远程控制机关枪暗杀伊朗最资深的核科学家Mohsen Fakhrizadeh。伊朗议会通过了加强该国核项目的计划。但伊朗总统哈桑·鲁哈尼反对这一举措，因为会危及与拜登(Joe Biden)领导下的美国政府的潜在和解。

Israel’s parliament passed a preliminary proposal to dissolve itself, moving the country closer to a fourth election in under two years.

以色列议会通过了一项解散议会的初步提案，使该国在两年内举行第四次选举。

Joe Biden filled out the rest of his economic team for his incoming government. Cecilia Rouse will lead the Council of Economic Advisers⁴, and Brian Deese the National Economic Council. Both were advisers in the White House during the global financial crisis in 2009. The choice of Neera Tanden to head the Office of Management and Budget is more controversial. Ms Tanden has reportedly deleted 1,000 tweets that disparaged⁵ Republican senators she now has to count on to confirm her in the job.

乔·拜登(Joe Biden)为即将上任的政府组建了经济团队。塞西莉亚·罗斯将领导经济顾问委员会，布莱恩·迪斯将领导国家经济委员会。两人在2009年全球金融危机期间曾担任白宫顾问。尼拉·坦登（Neera Tanden）担任管理和预算办公室主任的任命更具争议性。据报道，坦登删除了1000条诋毁共和党参议员的推文，而现在她不得不依靠这些人来保住她的职位。

Hundreds of thousands of farmers besieged⁶ Delhi, blocking highways. They demanded the scrapping⁷ of recent agricultural reforms, which could allow the Indian government to stop offering guaranteed prices for crops.

成千上万的农民包围了德里，阻塞了高速公路。他们要求取消最近的农业改革，这可能使印度政府停止为农作物提供保证价格。

Indonesia called off plans for an 11-day holiday subsuming Christmas and the new year, for fear that people travelling would spread COVID-19. The extra holidays had been intended to make up for ones scrapped⁸ earlier this year to help curb⁹ the epidemic¹⁰.

印尼取消了包括圣诞节和新年在内的11天假期计划，担心人们旅行会传播新冠肺炎。这些额外的假期原本是为了弥补今年早些时候为遏制疫情而取消的假期。

The National Assembly in South Korea approved a change allowing k-pop stars who have won government awards to defer¹¹ mandatory¹² military service until the age of 30, instead of 28. This came days before the 28th birthday of a member of bts, the world’s most successful band.

韩国国民议会批准了一项改革，允许获得政府表彰的韩流音乐明星将强制服兵役年龄从28岁推迟至30岁。而几天后，全球著名男子组合防弹少年团的一名成员迎来了28岁生日。

Coronavirus briefs

疫情一览

The number of daily deaths in America approached their highest levels during the pandemic. The number of people in hospital with the disease surged in November and is now above 100,000.

美国的每日死亡人数接近大流行期间的最高水平。11月份，因感染新冠肺炎的住院人数激增，目前住院人数已超过10万人。

Los Angeles County, the most populous¹³ in the United States, entered a three-week period of tight restrictions¹⁴ during which people are urged to stay at home and wear face masks outside. Meeting other households is banned.

美国人口最多的洛杉矶县进入了为期三周的严格封锁期，在此期间人们被敦促呆在家里，外出戴口罩。禁止与其他家庭聚会。

Vietnam reported its first locally transmitted case of COVID-19 in nearly three months.

越南报告了近三个月来首例本地传播的新冠肺炎病例。

Many businesses reopened in Ireland after a six-week lockdown. People still cannot travel outside their county, however, except for work, study or health reasons.

爱尔兰许多企业在经过六周停业后重新开业。然而，除了工作、学习或健康原因外，人们仍然不能出国旅行。

1 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

2 assassinate   

vt.暗杀，行刺，中伤

参考例句：

• The police exposed a criminal plot to assassinate the president.警方侦破了一个行刺总统的阴谋。
• A plot to assassinate the banker has been uncovered by the police.暗杀银行家的密谋被警方侦破了。

3 ramp   

n.暴怒，斜坡，坡道；vi.作恐吓姿势，暴怒，加速；vt.加速

参考例句：

• That driver drove the car up the ramp.那司机将车开上了斜坡。
• The factory don't have that capacity to ramp up.这家工厂没有能力加速生产。

4 advisers   

顾问，劝告者( adviser的名词复数 )； （指导大学新生学科问题等的）指导教授

参考例句：

• a member of the President's favoured circle of advisers 总统宠爱的顾问班子中的一员
• She withdrew to confer with her advisers before announcing a decision. 她先去请教顾问然后再宣布决定。

5 disparaged   

v.轻视( disparage的过去式和过去分词 )；贬低；批评；非难

参考例句：

• French-Canadian fur trappers and Sioux disparaged such country as "bad lands. " 法语的加拿大毛皮捕兽器和苏人的贬低国家作为“坏土地”。 来自互联网
• She disparaged her student's efforts. 她轻视她的学生做出的努力。 来自互联网

6 besieged   

包围，围困，围攻( besiege的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Paris was besieged for four months and forced to surrender. 巴黎被围困了四个月后被迫投降。
• The community besieged the newspaper with letters about its recent editorial. 公众纷纷来信对报社新近发表的社论提出诘问，弄得报社应接不暇。

7 scrapping   

刮，切除坯体余泥

参考例句：

• He was always scrapping at school. 他在学校总打架。
• These two dogs are always scrapping. 这两条狗总是打架。

8 scrapped   

废弃(scrap的过去式与过去分词)； 打架

参考例句：

• This machine is so old that it will soon have to be scrapped. 这架机器太旧，快报废了。
• It had been thought that passport controls would be scrapped. 人们曾认为会放开护照管制。

9 curb   

n.场外证券市场，场外交易；vt.制止，抑制

参考例句：

• I could not curb my anger.我按捺不住我的愤怒。
• You must curb your daughter when you are in church.你在教堂时必须管住你的女儿。

10 epidemic   

n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的

参考例句：

• That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
• The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

11 defer   

vt.推迟，拖延；vi.(to)遵从，听从，服从

参考例句：

• We wish to defer our decision until next week.我们希望推迟到下星期再作出决定。
• We will defer to whatever the committee decides.我们遵从委员会作出的任何决定。

12 mandatory   

adj.命令的；强制的；义务的；n.受托者

参考例句：

• It's mandatory to pay taxes.缴税是义务性的。
• There is no mandatory paid annual leave in the U.S.美国没有强制带薪年假。

13 populous   

adj.人口稠密的，人口众多的

参考例句：

• London is the most populous area of Britain.伦敦是英国人口最稠密的地区。
• China is the most populous developing country in the world.中国是世界上人口最多的发展中国家。

14 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制