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美国国家公共电台 NPR 长赐号货轮堵塞苏伊士运河

时间:2021-04-06 05:21来源:互联网 提供网友:nan   字体: [ ]
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It sounds like the setup for a disaster movie. A containership almost as long as the Empire State Building is high remains1 stuck sideways in the Suez Canal, a key passage that connects the Mediterranean2 Sea to the Red Sea. The ship, called the Ever Given, has caused an epic3 maritime4 traffic jam of nearly 300 ships between Europe and Asia. Efforts to dislodge the ship continue, but meanwhile, the worldwide supply chain is being disrupted, and hundreds of millions of dollars are lost with each hour that it continues.

这听起来像是灾难片的场景。一艘几乎和帝国大厦一样高的集装箱船仍然被搁浅在苏伊士运河两侧,而苏伊士运河是连接地中海和红海的关键通道。这艘名为“长赐号”的船只在欧亚之间造成了近300艘船只的海上交通堵塞。移动这艘船的努力仍在继续,但与此同时,全球供应链正在被打乱,堵塞每持续一小时就会造成数亿美元损失。

Chris Rogers is a supply chain analyst5 with S&P Global Market Intelligence. He joins us now from London. Welcome.

克里斯·罗杰斯是标准普尔全球市场情报公司的供应链分析师。他将从伦敦和我们连线。欢迎你。

CHRIS ROGERS: Thank you very much, Sarah. It's great to be here.

克里斯·罗杰斯:非常感谢你,莎拉。很高兴和你们连线。

MCCAMMON: Remind us why the Suez Canal is so important. What kinds of things are these ships carrying?

麦卡蒙:请说明一下为何苏伊士运河如此重要。这些船只运载的是什么物品?

ROGERS: Yeah, sure. So the Suez Canal is important for connecting Asia with Europe and the East Coast of the Americas. It's really critical for moving goods that are produced in China, which is the factory of the world when it comes to consumer goods, and Japan and South Korea, which are really the producers of capital goods that companies use to build machinery6 and so on. It's also a route from Japan and South Korea to come into Europe for the machine manufacturers that are based in Germany and France, in Italy and in Spain, in order for them to then export to the rest of the world.

罗杰斯:好,当然。苏伊士运河对于连接亚洲、欧洲和美洲东海岸非常重要。该运河对于运输中国生产的商品非常关键,因为在消费品方面,中国是世界的工厂,而日本和韩国是各企业用于制造机器等资本品的生产国。这条运河也是从日本和韩国进入欧洲的路线,以连接总部设在德国、法国、意大利和西班牙的机器制造商,以便他们随后出口到世界其他地区。

So it's absolutely vital for joining those supply chains together. The Suez Canal is also a vital route for avoiding having to sail around the south of Africa, and it can reduce the time to market by as much as two weeks.

因此,将这些供应链连在一起是绝对重要的。苏伊士运河也是避免绕行南非的一条重要通道,其可以将商品上市时间缩短两周。

MCCAMMON: And how did this happen, Chris? How did the Ever Given get stuck?

麦卡蒙:克里斯,这是怎么发生的?“长赐号”为何会搁浅?

ROGERS: As we understand it, the Ever Given got stuck because of heavy winds that were prevailing7 across the canal on the 23rd. Effectively, what happened was the wind was blowing from one direction. The boat had to effectively steer8 into the wind to stay straight. The wind suddenly dropped, and that led the boat to overcompensate. And because of the speed it was travelling at, that led it to turn quite quickly and then to get wedged on both sides of the canal.

罗杰斯:据我们所知,“长赐号”因23日横贯运河的强风而搁浅。实际上,风从一个方向吹过来。而船只必须有效地航入受风带以保持直行。但由于风突然停止,导致这艘船矫正过度。基于其行驶速度,这艘船的转向的速度非常快,之后就卡在运河的航道上。

MCCAMMON: And how is this current issue with the Ever Given affecting the worldwide supply chain?

麦卡蒙:目前的问题对全球供应链有何影响?

ROGERS: Yeah. The issue with the Ever Given is that it's effectively blocking the shipment of consumer goods from Asia into, principally, the European market. There are some vessels9 that are also sailing into the U.S. East Coast as well. It's also affecting the ability of firms who are partially10 manufacturing goods in Europe to ship them back to Asia.

罗杰斯:好。问题在于,“长赐号”的搁浅导致消费品无法从亚洲进入欧洲市场。同时导致部分船只无法驶入美国东海岸。这还对部分在欧洲生产商品的公司将商品运回亚洲的能力造成了影响。

MCCAMMON: This is a supply chain issue, it sounds like, to a large degree. But at what point will consumers notice, you know, things are different here?

麦卡蒙:这在很大程度上是供应链问题。但消费者何时会注意到情况有所不同?

ROGERS: Depending on the consumers, they could notice pretty soon. There's been reports of boats that are carrying goods for e-commerce retailers11 — so people like Amazon and so on. So you may find quite quickly that if you go onto these websites, that maybe things are running low on stocks, and so consumers will feel it that way. They'll then feel it in a few weeks' time or even a couple of months' time. One of the issues right now is that a lot of companies are getting their supply chains set up for the production that they'll carry out over the summer for goods the consumers will be buying in the forthcoming holiday season. So there could be a knock-on effect.

罗杰斯:这取决于消费者,他们可能很快就会注意到。有报道称,部分被堵船只为电子商务零售商运送货物,比如亚马逊等公司。因此,如果消费者登录这些网站,他们很快就会发现,因为商品库存可能会不断减少,消费者会感觉到。这对消费者的影响可能会持续数周甚至数个月。目前的一个问题是,许多公司正在建立供应链,以便夏季时为消费者在即将到来的假期购买的商品进行生产。因此堵塞可能会产生连锁反应。

MCCAMMON: OK, so how are we going to solve this? What are they doing to try to dislodge the ship?

麦卡蒙:好,我们要如何解决这个问题?他们在移动船只方面采取了什么措施?

ROGERS: Actually moving the boat involves removing a lot of sand and a lot of stone from where it punctured12 the wall on the canal. It also involves refloating the boat in a way that doesn't cause physical stress to it. These boats are very, very large, and they have very, very thick walls. But when you're trying to move something to its rotational13 axis14, you've got to be careful, you know, in very simple terms, not to bend it and also not to disturb the boat in a way that would lead to containers falling off the side because those would then fall into the canal as well.

罗杰斯:实际上,移动这艘船需要从其卡住运河墙的地方清除大量沙子和石头。还需要以一种不会对船造成物理压力的方式将船重新上浮。这些船非常庞大,而且船壁非常厚。但是,在试图移动物体至其旋转轴时必须非常小心,简单来说,就是不要倾斜船只,也不要干扰船只,以免容器从侧面掉下来,因为这些容器也会掉进运河里。

In the longer term, industry's also got to think about how it uses the canal on a going-forward basis. So at what speed do we move these big boats through? Under what conditions do we move them through? Do we have to say, actually, if the weather conditions aren't right, we're going to have to hold vessels back? There'll be a lot of lessons to be learnt here, both by the Suez Canal Authority, by the shipping15 firms, and by the supply chain decision-makers who rely on them to get the goods in around the world where they need them, when they need them.

从长远来看,工业界还必须考虑如何在发展的基础上利用运河。即我们要让这些船只以多快的速度通过运河?在什么条件下我们才能让它们通过?我们是否必须规定,如果天气不好,就必须暂停航行?无论是苏伊士运河管理局、航运公司,还是在全球各地有需要时依靠运河运送货物的供应链决策者,都会从中吸取很多教训。

MCCAMMON: Chris Rogers is a supply chain analyst with S&P Global Market Intelligence. Thank you so much.

麦卡蒙:克里斯·罗杰斯是标准普尔全球市场情报公司的供应链分析师。非常感谢你。

ROGERS: Thank you.

罗杰斯:谢谢。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 remains 1kMzTy     
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
参考例句:
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
2 Mediterranean ezuzT     
adj.地中海的;地中海沿岸的
参考例句:
  • The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
  • Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。
3 epic ui5zz     
n.史诗,叙事诗;adj.史诗般的,壮丽的
参考例句:
  • I gave up my epic and wrote this little tale instead.我放弃了写叙事诗,而写了这个小故事。
  • They held a banquet of epic proportions.他们举行了盛大的宴会。
4 maritime 62yyA     
adj.海的,海事的,航海的,近海的,沿海的
参考例句:
  • Many maritime people are fishermen.许多居于海滨的人是渔夫。
  • The temperature change in winter is less in maritime areas.冬季沿海的温差较小。
5 analyst gw7zn     
n.分析家,化验员;心理分析学家
参考例句:
  • What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务?
  • The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。
6 machinery CAdxb     
n.(总称)机械,机器;机构
参考例句:
  • Has the machinery been put up ready for the broadcast?广播器材安装完毕了吗?
  • Machinery ought to be well maintained all the time.机器应该随时注意维护。
7 prevailing E1ozF     
adj.盛行的;占优势的;主要的
参考例句:
  • She wears a fashionable hair style prevailing in the city.她的发型是这个城市流行的款式。
  • This reflects attitudes and values prevailing in society.这反映了社会上盛行的态度和价值观。
8 steer 5u5w3     
vt.驾驶,为…操舵;引导;vi.驾驶
参考例句:
  • If you push the car, I'll steer it.如果你来推车,我就来驾车。
  • It's no use trying to steer the boy into a course of action that suits you.想说服这孩子按你的方式行事是徒劳的。
9 vessels fc9307c2593b522954eadb3ee6c57480     
n.血管( vessel的名词复数 );船;容器;(具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的)人
参考例句:
  • The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
10 partially yL7xm     
adv.部分地,从某些方面讲
参考例句:
  • The door was partially concealed by the drapes.门有一部分被门帘遮住了。
  • The police managed to restore calm and the curfew was partially lifted.警方设法恢复了平静,宵禁部分解除。
11 retailers 08ff8df43efeef1abfd3410ef6661c95     
零售商,零售店( retailer的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • High street retailers reported a marked increase in sales before Christmas. 商业街的零售商报告说圣诞节前销售量显著提高。
  • Retailers have a statutory duty to provide goods suitable for their purpose. 零售商有为他们提供符合要求的货品的法定义务。
12 punctured 921f9ed30229127d0004d394b2c18311     
v.在(某物)上穿孔( puncture的过去式和过去分词 );刺穿(某物);削弱(某人的傲气、信心等);泄某人的气
参考例句:
  • Some glass on the road punctured my new tyre. 路上的玻璃刺破了我的新轮胎。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • A nail on the road punctured the tyre. 路上的钉子把车胎戳穿了。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
13 rotational iXdxF     
adj.回转的,轮流的
参考例句:
  • A synchronous motor drives the measuring bob at a constant rotational speed.同步马达驱动测锤以恒速旋转。
  • With some limitations,this is true also of rotational degrees of freedom.在某些限定条件下,这一说法对转动自由度也成立。
14 axis sdXyz     
n.轴,轴线,中心线;坐标轴,基准线
参考例句:
  • The earth's axis is the line between the North and South Poles.地轴是南北极之间的线。
  • The axis of a circle is its diameter.圆的轴线是其直径。
15 shipping WESyg     
n.船运(发货,运输,乘船)
参考例句:
  • We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。
  • There's a shipping charge of £5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。
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