2021年经济学人 一周要闻 花旗银行错汇9亿美元难追回

An American judge ruled that a group of creditors¹ that mistakenly received $500m from Citigroup did not have to repay the money to the bank. The creditors are in dispute with Revlon, a cosmetics² company and a client of Citi’s. The bank sent $900m to creditors last August, though it had meant to recompense them with only a small interest payment. Some $400m has been returned, but the judge found that the creditors had grounds to think the payment was intentional³, as the idea that Citi could make such a blunder was “borderline irrational”. The bank is appealing against the decision.

美国一法官裁定，一群误从花旗银行处获得5亿美元的债权人无需偿还这笔钱。债权人与花旗的客户、化妆品公司露华浓(Revlon)产生了纠纷。去年8月，该银行向债权人支付了9亿美元，而该行本来打算仅以少量利息偿还。大约4亿美元的资金已经归还，不过法官裁定，债权人有理由认为这笔款项是有意支付的，因为花旗可能犯下这种错误的想法是“不理性的”。银行正在对这一决定提出上诉。

Jaguar⁴ Land Rover laid out an ambitious plan to rebrand its Jaguar cars as all-electric by 2025. Under its new chief executive, Thierry Bolloré, the company plans to offer battery-powered versions of all its models by 2030. All three of its British factories will stay open.

捷豹路虎(Jaguar Land Rover)制定了一项雄心勃勃的计划，到2025年将其捷豹汽车更名为全电动汽车。在新任首席执行官蒂埃里·博罗雷(Thierry Bolloré)的领导下，该公司计划到2030年推出所有车型的电池驱动版本。该公司位于英国的三家工厂都还在营业。

The state of New York filed a lawsuit⁵ against Amazon, claiming it had been “deficient” in ensuring the safety of its warehouse⁶ workers during the pandemic and had not adequately disinfected its facilities. The online retailer⁷ had tried to stop the suit, arguing that workers’ safety is covered by federal, not state, law. It says it has spent $11.5bn on COVID measures. New York’s suit is the latest in a series of state challenges to the way Amazon conducts its business.

纽约州对亚马逊提起诉讼，称该公司在疫情期间在确保仓库工人安全方面存在“缺陷”，而且没有对设施进行充分消毒。这家在线零售商曾试图阻止这起诉讼，称工人的安全受联邦法律保护，而不是州法律。该公司表示，已在新冠肺炎防控措施上投入115亿美元。纽约州的诉讼是一系列州质疑亚马逊经营方式的最新一起案例。

Air France-KLM reported an annual net loss of 7.1bn euros ($8.1bn). The French-Dutch airline group said the current tightening⁸ of travel restrictions⁹ in some European countries because of COVID-19 made for a challenging start to this year.

法荷航空(Air France-KLM)报告年度净亏损71亿欧元(合81亿美元)。法荷航空集团表示，由于新冠肺炎疫情，一些欧洲国家目前收紧了旅行限制，这给今年带来了挑战。

An Israeli startup that is developing 3D printers for meat undertook a successful fundraising round that will allow it to distribute its products to restaurants this year. Redefine Meat combines 3D meat modelling, food formulations and food printing to build complex-matrix “meat” on its machines, made from proteins found in legumes and grains and fat from plants. The steaks resemble the texture¹⁰ and taste of choice cuts of beef, but with no cholesterol¹¹. Bill Gates this week called on rich countries to switch to “100% synthetic¹² beef” in order to lower greenhouse-gas emissions¹³ from the cattle industry.

以色列一家正在为肉类开发3D打印机的初创公司成功进行了一轮融资，这轮融资将使其今年能够将产品分销给餐馆。“重新定义肉类”结合了3D肉类建模、食品配方和食品打印，在机器上用豆类和谷物中的蛋白质以及植物中的脂肪制造出复合基质的“肉类”。这种牛排的口感和味道与精选的牛肉相似，但不含胆固醇。本周，比尔·盖茨呼吁富裕国家使用“100%合成牛肉”，以减少养牛业的温室气体排放。

1 creditors   

n.债权人，债主( creditor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They agreed to repay their creditors over a period of three years. 他们同意3年内向债主还清欠款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Creditors could obtain a writ for the arrest of their debtors. 债权人可以获得逮捕债务人的令状。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 cosmetics   

n.化妆品

参考例句：

• We sell a wide range of cosmetics at a very reasonable price. 我们以公道的价格出售各种化妆品。
• Cosmetics do not always cover up the deficiencies of nature. 化妆品未能掩饰天生的缺陷。

3 intentional   

adj.故意的，有意（识）的

参考例句：

• Let me assure you that it was not intentional.我向你保证那不是故意的。
• His insult was intentional.他的侮辱是有意的。

4 jaguar   

n.美洲虎

参考例句：

• He was green with envy when he saw my new Jaguar car.看见我那辆美洲虎牌新车，他非常妒忌。
• Should you meet a jaguar in the jungle,just turn slowly,walk away.But slowly,never look back.你在丛林中若碰上美洲虎，就慢慢转身走开，可一定要慢，切莫回头看。

5 lawsuit   

n.诉讼，控诉

参考例句：

• They threatened him with a lawsuit.他们以诉讼威逼他。
• He was perpetually involving himself in this long lawsuit.他使自己无休止地卷入这场长时间的诉讼。

6 warehouse   

n.仓库；vt.存入仓库

参考例句：

• We freighted the goods to the warehouse by truck.我们用卡车把货物运到仓库。
• The manager wants to clear off the old stocks in the warehouse.经理想把仓库里积压的存货处理掉。

7 retailer   

n.零售商(人)

参考例句：

• What are the retailer requirements?零售商会有哪些要求呢？
• The retailer has assembled a team in Shanghai to examine the question.这家零售商在上海组建了一支团队研究这个问题。

8 tightening   

上紧，固定，紧密

参考例句：

• Make sure the washer is firmly seated before tightening the pipe. 旋紧水管之前，检查一下洗衣机是否已牢牢地固定在底座上了。
• It needs tightening up a little. 它还需要再收紧些。

9 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

10 texture   

n.(织物)质地；(材料)构造；结构；肌理

参考例句：

• We could feel the smooth texture of silk.我们能感觉出丝绸的光滑质地。
• Her skin has a fine texture.她的皮肤细腻。

11 cholesterol   

n.（U）胆固醇

参考例句：

• There is cholesterol in the cell of body.人体细胞里有胆固醇。
• They are determining the serum-protein and cholesterol levels.他们正在测定血清蛋白和胆固醇的浓度。

12 synthetic   

adj.合成的，人工的；综合的；n.人工制品

参考例句：

• We felt the salesman's synthetic friendliness.我们感觉到那位销售员的虚情假意。
• It's a synthetic diamond.这是人造钻石。

13 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。