2021年经济学人 拉多娜·“勇敢的公牛”·阿拉德(1)

Obituary¹

讣告

LaDonna Brave Bull Allard

拉多娜·“勇敢的公牛”·阿拉德

Black snake, sacred water

黑蛇，圣水

LaDonna Brave Bull Allard, historian and campaigner for Native-American rights, died on April 10th, aged² 64

拉多娜·“勇敢的公牛”·阿拉德，历史学家、美国原住民权利活动家，于2021年4月10日去世，享年64岁

The first time they drove up to Whitestone Hill, in south North Dakota, LaDonna Brave Bull Allard had to ask her husband to stop.

拉多娜·“勇敢的公牛”·阿拉德跟丈夫第一次驱车前往北达科他州南部的白石山时，她忍不住让丈夫停车。

She could hear grief coming out of the ground, crying and screaming.

她听到了这片土地上传来的悲鸣，时而呜咽、时而尖叫。

She had to lay down food and water there, as well as prayer-ties of sweet willow-bark tobacco that could soothe³ and heal the spirits of the dead.

她必须下车留下一些食物和饮水，以及可以抚慰和治愈亡灵的装着甜柳树皮烟草的祈祷束袋。

Whitestone Hill in 1863 had seen a terrible massacre⁴, when hundreds of men, women and children had been herded⁵ into a ravine and shot by the United States Army.

1863年，白石山发生了一场惨绝人寰的大屠杀，数百名男女以及孩童被美军赶进峡谷后惨遭射杀。

They had been members of a large camp of tribes, mainly Sioux, who had been meeting to prepare for winter by hunting buffalo⁶ and arranging marriages.

他们是一个大型多部落聚居营的成员，主要为苏族人（Sioux），他们为了筹备过冬相聚，捕猎水牛、安排婚嫁事宜。

Among them was her great great grandmother Mary Big Mocassin, then nine years old, who felt the sudden heat of a bullet tear into her hip⁷.

拉多娜的曾曾祖母玛丽·“大”·莫卡辛（Mary Big Mocassin）就是其中的一员，她当年才9岁。当时，莫卡辛突然感觉臀部被一颗子弹射穿。

She survived, but had shivered in a field for hours crying for her mother. Her voice, too, called from the place.

她侥幸活了下来，但也经历了非常惨痛的遭遇，母亲惨死，幼小的她在田地里恸哭了几个小时。她的声音回荡在那片土地上空。

On the very date of that massacre, September 3rd, but in 2016, LaDonna herself was in a field, frozen and immobile.

2016年9月3日，就在那场大屠杀发生的同一天，拉多娜本人呆若木鸡般站在田野里。

Again, white men in heavy fighting gear—this time company security guards—were breaking up a camp,

又一次，全副武装的白人男子——这次来的是公司安保人员——正在捣毁一处营地，

one she had made to obstruct⁸ the building of the Dakota Access Pipeline⁹ beneath the sacred lands of her tribe.

这个营地由她发起，为了阻止在她部落的圣土下修建“达科他输油管道”。

Hundreds of protesters were being tear-gassed and pepper-sprayed. Dogs were set on them, and now she was facing one with blood on its dark grey jaws¹⁰.

数百名抗议者被催泪瓦斯和胡椒喷雾攻击。安保人员还放恶犬撕咬他们，而此刻她面前就有一只，狗深灰色的下巴上还残留着血迹。

Yet the only thought in her head was a historian’s: how could this be happening again, on the anniversary of so much killing¹¹?

但是她的脑海里只有历史学家的思索：在这样一个大规模杀戮的周年纪念日，这种事情怎么还会再次发生？

1 obituary   

n.讣告，死亡公告；adj.死亡的

参考例句：

• The obituary records the whole life of the deceased.讣文记述了这位死者的生平。
• Five days after the letter came,he found Andersen s obituary in the morning paper.收到那封信五天后，他在早报上发现了安德森的讣告。

2 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。

3 soothe   

v.安慰；使平静；使减轻；缓和；奉承

参考例句：

• I've managed to soothe him down a bit.我想方设法使他平静了一点。
• This medicine should soothe your sore throat.这种药会减轻你的喉痛。

4 massacre   

n.残杀，大屠杀；v.残杀，集体屠杀

参考例句：

• There was a terrible massacre of villagers here during the war.在战争中，这里的村民惨遭屠杀。
• If we forget the massacre,the massacre will happen again!忘记了大屠杀，大屠杀就有可能再次发生！

5 herded   

群集，纠结( herd的过去式和过去分词 )； 放牧； （使）向…移动

参考例句：

• He herded up his goats. 他把山羊赶拢在一起。
• They herded into the corner. 他们往角落里聚集。

6 buffalo   

n.(北美)野牛；(亚洲)水牛

参考例句：

• Asian buffalo isn't as wild as that of America's. 亚洲水牛比美洲水牛温顺些。
• The boots are made of buffalo hide. 这双靴子是由水牛皮制成的。

7 hip   

n.臀部，髋；屋脊

参考例句：

• The thigh bone is connected to the hip bone.股骨连着髋骨。
• The new coats blouse gracefully above the hip line.新外套在臀围线上优美地打着褶皱。

8 obstruct   

v.阻隔，阻塞(道路、通道等)；n.阻碍物，障碍物

参考例句：

• He became still more dissatisfied with it and secretly did everything in his power to obstruct it.他对此更不满意，尽在暗里使绊子。
• The fallen trees obstruct the road.倒下的树将路堵住了。

9 pipeline   

n.管道，管线

参考例句：

• The pipeline supplies Jordan with 15 per cent of its crude oil.该管道供给约旦15%的原油。
• A single pipeline serves all the houses with water.一条单管路给所有的房子供水。

10 jaws   

n.口部；嘴

参考例句：

• The antelope could not escape the crocodile's gaping jaws. 那只羚羊无法从鱷鱼张开的大口中逃脱。
• The scored jaws of a vise help it bite the work. 台钳上有刻痕的虎钳牙帮助它紧咬住工件。

11 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。