2021年经济学人 中国“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平逝世(1)

Obituary¹

讣告

Yuan Longping

袁隆平

To feed the world

愿天下再无粮忧

Yuan Longping, developer of hybrid² rice, died on May 22nd, aged³ 90

杂交水稻之父袁隆平于5月22日辞世,享年90岁

He was wandering in a ricefield of dreams. The plants were tall as sorghum⁴, taller than a man.

他在理想的稻田中徜徉，水稻长势喜人，有高粱那么高，甚至高过了人头；

Their panicles hung full as brooms, and each grain was as big as a peanut.

沉甸甸的稻穗有扫把那么长，谷粒有花生那么大。

After walking a while he lay down in the leaf-shade with a friend, quite hidden.

走了一会，他和朋友就躺在禾下乘凉，谁也看不到他们。

A rest was a good idea, because the wonder-plants went on and on. In fact, they covered the world.

休息一下是个好主意，神奇水稻的长势仍在继续，它们遍布了全球。

Then Yuan Longping woke up, laughing.

这时，袁隆平就会大笑着醒来。

The rice plants he had tended for decades at Anjiang and then Changsha in Hunan province,

他在湖南安江和长沙照料了几十年的水稻，

sowing and nurturing⁵ them, visiting daily on his motorbike to inspect them, were not quite there yet.

播种、培育，每天骑摩托车去查看长势。这些水稻目前还没有达到理想的水平，

But they still deserved their name of super rice.

但也绝对配得上“超级稻”的称号。

The leaves were straighter and taller than ordinary, and the grains plumper.

比起普通水稻，超级稻的叶片更直更高，谷粒也更饱满，

They had all the vigour⁶ of the wild strain that he and his team had found,

延续了之前发现的野生水稻的全部优势。

after much searching, beside a railway line in Hainan in 1970 and had cross-bred, over careful years, with the domesticated⁷ variety.

1970年，经过大量搜寻，袁隆平团队在海南的一条铁路沿线发现了这些野生品种，经过多年的精心栽培，他们成功实现了与已驯化品种的杂交。

Sceptics told him he was wasting his time, since rice was a self-pollinator.

有人质疑他浪费时间，因为水稻属自花传粉作物。

He believed that cross-breeding was universal and, besides, that it always made the offspring stronger.

但袁隆平坚信杂交现象普遍存在，甚至让新生的作物更强壮。

The figures spoke⁸ for themselves. With his new hybrid rice the annual yield was 20-30% higher.

数据就是铁证。新杂交水稻年产量提高了20-30%，

This meant that at least 60m more people could be fed every year. In Yunnan province more than 17,000 kilograms had been produced per hectare.

意味着每年可以吃饱饭的人又多了6000多万。在云南省，每公顷水稻产量超过17000公斤。

China’s rice crop had risen from 57m tonnes in 1950 to 195m in 2017; from food deficiency, to food security.

中国的水稻产量从1950年的5700万吨增加到2017年的1.95亿吨，成功从粮食短缺过度到粮食安全得到保障。

1 obituary   

n.讣告，死亡公告；adj.死亡的

参考例句：

• The obituary records the whole life of the deceased.讣文记述了这位死者的生平。
• Five days after the letter came,he found Andersen s obituary in the morning paper.收到那封信五天后，他在早报上发现了安德森的讣告。

2 hybrid   

n.(动，植）杂种，混合物

参考例句：

• That is a hybrid perpetual rose.那是一株杂交的四季开花的蔷薇。
• The hybrid was tall,handsome,and intelligent.那混血儿高大、英俊、又聪明。

3 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。

4 sorghum   

n.高粱属的植物，高粱糖浆，甜得发腻的东西

参考例句：

• We can grow sorghum or maize on this plot.这块地可以种高粱或玉米。
• They made sorghum into pig feed.他们把高粱做成了猪饲料。

5 nurturing   

养育( nurture的现在分词 )； 培育； 滋长； 助长

参考例句：

• These delicate plants need careful nurturing. 这些幼嫩的植物需要精心培育。
• The modern conservatory is not an environment for nurturing plants. 这个现代化温室的环境不适合培育植物。

6 vigour   

（=vigor）n.智力，体力，精力

参考例句：

• She is full of vigour and enthusiasm.她有热情，有朝气。
• At 40,he was in his prime and full of vigour.他40岁时正年富力强。

7 domesticated   

adj.喜欢家庭生活的；（指动物）被驯养了的v.驯化( domesticate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He is thoroughly domesticated and cooks a delicious chicken casserole. 他精于家务，烹制的砂锅炖小鸡非常可口。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The donkey is a domesticated form of the African wild ass. 驴是非洲野驴的一种已驯化的品种。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。