2021年经济学人 智利总统宣布南部两区进入紧急状态

The world this week -- Politics

本周国际要闻——政治

Chile’s president, Sebastian Pinera, declared a state of emergency for 15 days in two southern regions.

智利总统塞巴斯蒂安·皮涅拉宣布南部两个地区进入为期15天的紧急状态。

The army will be deployed¹ to help local police, who have struggled to contain violent attacks by indigenous² groups seeking to reclaim³ ancestral lands.

军队将被部署来帮助当地警察，他们一直在努力遏制土著团体力图收回祖传土地的暴力袭击。

A demonstrator died during a protest led by indigenous groups in Santiago.

一名示威者在圣地亚哥土著组织领导的抗议活动中死亡。

Chile is in the process of drafting a new constitution, which may decentralise power and expand indigenous rights.

智利正在起草一部新宪法，该宪法可能会分散权力并扩大土著的权利。

A far-right presidential candidate campaigning on a law-and-order platform is polling well in a tight race ahead of the election on November 21st, in which Mr Pinera cannot stand.

一名极右翼总统候选人以法律和秩序为竞选纲领，在11月21日选举前的一场势均力敌的竞选中获得了良好的民意支持，皮涅拉不能参加这场选举。

In Bogota, Colombia’s capital, at least five American families connected to the United States embassy appear to have been afflicted⁴ with the Havana syndrome⁵.

在哥伦比亚首都波哥大，至少有五个与美国大使馆有关的美国家庭似乎受到了哈瓦那综合症的困扰。

The mystery illness, which causes ringing in the ears, fatigue⁶ and dizziness, first surfaced in Cuba in 2016.

这种神秘的疾病会导致耳鸣、疲劳和头晕，于2016年首次在古巴出现。

The American government said it would open up land and ferry crossings at its borders with Canada and Mexico in November, but only to travellers who are vaccinated⁷ against covid-19.

美国政府表示，将于11月开放其与加拿大和墨西哥边境的陆路和渡口，但只对接种了新冠疫苗的游客开放。

From January this will also apply to truckers and students from Canada and Mexico, who had been exempted⁸ from the ban on crossings.

从1月份开始，该要求也将适用于来自加拿大和墨西哥的卡车司机和学生，他们之前已经被免除了过境禁令约束。

Texas’s governor, Greg Abbott, banned employers, including private ones, from requiring their workers to be vaccinated against covid-19.

德克萨斯州州长格雷格·阿博特禁止雇主，包括私人雇主，要求他们的员工接种新冠疫苗。

That sets up a clash with the federal government, which is ordering large employers to do the opposite.

这与联邦政府的要求产生了冲突，联邦政府要求大雇主采取相反的做法。

Poland set itself on a collision course with the rest of the European Union, after the country’s constitutional court ruled that some of the EU’s most important rules, including Article 1 of its main treaty, are incompatible⁹ with Poland’s constitution.

波兰宪法法院裁定，欧盟一些最重要的规定（包括其主要条约的第一条）与波兰宪法不相容，这让波兰走上了与欧盟其他国家相互冲突的道路。

The EU seems sure to retaliate¹⁰, perhaps by freezing the covid-19 recovery funds it was due to send to Poland.

欧盟似乎肯定会进行报复，或许会冻结原定发送给波兰的新冠恢复资金。

Austria’s chancellor¹¹, Sebastian Kurz, resigned.

奥地利总理塞巴斯蒂安·库尔茨辞职。

It had become clear that his coalition¹² partners, the Greens, would bring down his government if he stayed on, because of a scandal swirling¹³ around him involving payments for favourable¹⁴ press coverage¹⁵.

很明显，如果他继续留任，他的联盟伙伴绿党将推翻他的政府，因为围绕着他的一桩丑闻涉及到为利己方新闻报道支付报酬。

Mr Kurz denies wrongdoing.

库尔茨否认有不当行为。

An election in the Czech Republic appeared to spell the downfall of Andrej Babis, the country's billionaire prime minister.

捷克共和国的一场选举似乎预示着该国亿万富翁总理安德烈·巴比斯的下台。

An opposition¹⁶ alliance secured more seats.

一个反对派联盟获得了更多的席位。

Mr Babis, who is also mired¹⁷ in scandal, remains¹⁸ prime minister for now.

同样深陷丑闻的巴比斯目前仍担任总理职务。

Emmanuel Macron, the French president, launched a plan called “France 2030", which calls for 30bn euros ($35bn) to be spent on cutting carbon emissions¹⁹ and boosting industry.

法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙启动了一项名为“法国2030”的计划，该计划要求拿出300亿欧元（合350亿美元）用于减少碳排放和促进工业发展。

It includes a renewed commitment to nuclear power.

其中包括对核能的重新投入。

1 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。

2 indigenous   

adj.土产的，土生土长的，本地的

参考例句：

• Each country has its own indigenous cultural tradition.每个国家都有自己本土的文化传统。
• Indians were the indigenous inhabitants of America.印第安人是美洲的土著居民。

3 reclaim   

v.要求归还，收回；开垦

参考例句：

• I have tried to reclaim my money without success.我没能把钱取回来。
• You must present this ticket when you reclaim your luggage.当你要取回行李时，必须出示这张票子。

4 afflicted   

使受痛苦，折磨( afflict的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• About 40% of the country's population is afflicted with the disease. 全国40%左右的人口患有这种疾病。
• A terrible restlessness that was like to hunger afflicted Martin Eden. 一阵可怕的、跟饥饿差不多的不安情绪折磨着马丁·伊登。

5 syndrome   

n.综合病症；并存特性

参考例句：

• The Institute says that an unidentified virus is to blame for the syndrome. 该研究所表示,引起这种综合症的是一种尚未确认的病毒。
• Results indicated that 11 fetuses had Down syndrome. 结果表明有11个胎儿患有唐氏综合征。

6 fatigue   

n.疲劳，劳累

参考例句：

• The old lady can't bear the fatigue of a long journey.这位老妇人不能忍受长途旅行的疲劳。
• I have got over my weakness and fatigue.我已从虚弱和疲劳中恢复过来了。

7 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

8 exempted   

使免除[豁免]( exempt的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• His bad eyesight exempted him from military service. 他因视力不好而免服兵役。
• Her illness exempted her from the examination. 她因病而免试。

9 incompatible   

adj.不相容的，不协调的，不相配的

参考例句：

• His plan is incompatible with my intent.他的计划与我的意图不相符。
• Speed and safety are not necessarily incompatible.速度和安全未必不相容。

10 retaliate   

v.报复，反击

参考例句：

• He sought every opportunity to retaliate against his enemy.他找机会向他的敌人反击。
• It is strictly forbidden to retaliate against the quality inspectors.严禁对质量检验人员进行打击报复。

11 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

12 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

13 swirling   

v.旋转，打旋( swirl的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Snowflakes were swirling in the air. 天空飘洒着雪花。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• She smiled, swirling the wine in her glass. 她微笑着，旋动着杯子里的葡萄酒。 来自辞典例句

14 favourable   

adj.赞成的，称赞的，有利的，良好的，顺利的

参考例句：

• The company will lend you money on very favourable terms.这家公司将以非常优惠的条件借钱给你。
• We found that most people are favourable to the idea.我们发现大多数人同意这个意见。

15 coverage   

n.报导，保险范围，保险额，范围，覆盖

参考例句：

• There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
• This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。

16 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

17 mired   

abbr.microreciprocal degree 迈尔德（色温单位）v.深陷( mire的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The country was mired in recession. 这个国家陷入了经济衰退的困境。
• The most brilliant leadership can be mired in detail. 最有才干的领导也会陷于拘泥琐事的困境中。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

18 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

19 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。